Task features change the relation between math anxiety and number line estimation performance with rational numbers: Two large-scale online studies.

Math performance is negatively related to math anxiety (MA), though MA may impact certain math skills more than others. We investigated whether the relation between MA and math performance is affected by task features, such as number type (e.g.

Pointwise Visual Field Estimation From Optical Coherence Tomography in Glaucoma Using Deep Learning.

Purpose: Standard automated perimetry is the gold standard to monitor visual field (VF) loss in glaucoma management, but it is prone to intrasubject variability. We trained and validated a customized deep learning (DL) regression model with Xception backbone that estimates pointwise and overall VF sensitivity from unsegmented optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans.

Methods: DL regression models have been trained with four imaging modalities (circumpapillary OCT at 3.

Investigating the association between variability in sulcal pattern and academic achievement.

Investigating how the brain may constrain academic achievement is not only relevant to understanding brain structure but also to providing insight into the origins of individual differences in these academic abilities. In this pre-registered study, we investigated whether the variability of sulcal patterns, a qualitative feature of the brain determined in-utero and not affected by brain maturation and learning, accounted for individual differences in reading and mathematics. Participants were 97 typically developing 10-year-olds.

NTRK Gene Fusion Detection in a Pan-Cancer Setting Using the Idylla GeneFusion Assay.

Recently, approval of tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors by Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency in NTRK fusion-positive cancer types has led to a variety of proposed testing algorithms. In this study, performance of the fully automated Idylla GeneFusion Assay was assessed in a set of clinically relevant cancer types, including glioblastoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, microsatellite instability-positive colorectal cancer, and thyroid carcinoma. Analysis with the Idylla GeneFusion Assay revealed significant differences in baseline RNA expression profile between the different cancer types, which corresponded to both literature and pan-TRK immunohistochemical staining.

Numeracy and COVID-19: examining interrelationships between numeracy, health numeracy and behaviour.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people across the globe have been exposed to large amounts of statistical data. Previous studies have shown that individuals' mathematical understanding of health-related information affects their attitudes and behaviours. Here, we investigate the relation between (i) basic numeracy, (ii) COVID-19 health numeracy, and (iii) COVID-19 health-related attitudes and behaviours.

Arithmetic learning in children: An fMRI training study.

Arithmetic learning is characterized by a change from procedural strategies to fact retrieval. fMRI training studies in adults have revealed that this change coincides with decreased activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and that within the parietal lobe, a shift occurs from the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) to the angular gyrus (AG). It remains to be determined whether similar changes can be observed in children, particularly because children often recruit the hippocampus (HC) during arithmetic fact retrieval, an observation that has not been consistently found in adults.

Increased lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 expression is unrelated to prognosis of esophageal cancer patients.

Introduction: Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (LPCAT1) has repeatedly been suggested to be associated with tumorigenesis. To evaluate the role of LPCAT1 in esophageal cancer, LPCAT1 immunostaining was analyzed on a tissue microarray containing samples from esophageal cancer patients.

Results: In benign esophageal tissue, LPCAT1 staining was detectable in low intensities.

Mathematics Anxiety: An Intergenerational Approach.

This study investigated mathematics anxiety from an intergenerational perspective, by investigating data on 172 primary-school children and both their biological parents. This family dataset ( = 516) allowed us to not only replicate previous findings per generation but also, importantly, explore intergenerational correlations. We found a significant negative association between sixth graders' arithmetical performance and their mathematics anxiety.

A single-center experience: management of patients with thymic epithelial tumors.

Background: Thymic epithelial tumors are rare neoplasias. There are no internationally accepted standards to treat this complex oncological disease. The studies on which our knowledge is based frequently have methodological weaknesses.

The neural basis of metacognitive monitoring during arithmetic in the developing brain.

In contrast to a substantial body of research on the neural basis of cognitive performance in several academic domains, less is known about how the brain generates metacognitive (MC) awareness of such performance. The existing work on the neurobiological underpinnings of metacognition has almost exclusively been done in adults and has largely focused on lower level cognitive processing domains, such as perceptual decision-making. Extending this body of evidence, we investigated MC monitoring by asking children to solve arithmetic problems, an educationally relevant higher-order process, while providing concurrent MC reports during fMRI acquisition.

Identification of Kosakonia cowanii as a rare cause of acute cholecystitis: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Kosakonia cowanii, formerly known as Enterobacter cowanii, is a Gram-negative bacillus belonging to the order Enterobacterales. The species is usually recognized as a plant pathogen and has only anecdotally been encountered as a human pathogen. Here we describe the rare case of a K.

Endoscopic vacuum therapy versus stenting for postoperative esophago-enteric anastomotic leakage: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Esophageal anastomotic leakage still represents a challenging complication after esophageal surgery. Endoscopically placed self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) are the treatment of choice, but since the introduction of endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) for esophageal leakage 10 years ago, increasing evidence has demonstrated that EVT might be a superior alternative. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and related morbidity of SEMS and EVT in the treatment of esophageal leak.

Expression and serum levels of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein (CHL1) in gastrointestinal stroma tumors (GIST) and its prognostic power.

Introduction: Diagnosis of gastrointestinal stroma tumors (GIST) is based on the histological evaluation of tissue specimens. Reliable systemic biomarkers are lacking. We investigated the local expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein (CHL1) in GIST and determined whether soluble CHL1 proteoforms could serve as systemic biomarkers.

Metacognition across domains: Is the association between arithmetic and metacognitive monitoring domain-specific?

Metacognitive monitoring is a critical predictor of arithmetic in primary school. One outstanding question is whether this metacognitive monitoring is domain-specific or whether it reflects a more general performance monitoring process. To answer this conundrum, we investigated metacognitive monitoring in two related, yet distinct academic domains: arithmetic and spelling.

Improved colorectal anastomotic leakage healing by transanal rinsing treatment after endoscopic vacuum therapy using a novel patient-applied rinsing catheter.

Purpose: Anastomotic or stump leakage is a common and serious complication of colorectal surgery. The objective of this study was to retrospectively investigate the clinical use and potential benefit of transanal rinsing treatment (TRT) using an innovative rinsing catheter (RC) after treatment with endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT).

Methods: Patients with leakage after low colorectal surgery who had been treated with EVT were retrospectively analyzed.

Surgical Management of Non-Malignant Esophageal Perforations: A Single-Center Analysis Over a 15-Year Period.

Purpose: Esophageal perforations are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Different nonoperative and operative treatment options have been proposed. This study focuses on the impact of different surgical treatments in nonmalignant esophageal perforations and tries to identify predictors of mortality in a single tertiary center over a 15-year period.

Geographic review on the specimens of the Caatinga Biome in the Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (RB) herbarium.

Background: This article provides a quantitative description of flora specimens stored in the Jardim Botânico of Rio de Janeiro Herbarium that belongs to the Federal Conservation Units of Caatinga's phytogeography domain. The Caatinga represents 11% of Brazilian territory and is, in South America, the largest and most biodiverse semi-arid tropical ecoregion, yet only 5% of its territory is covered by Federal Conservation Units, with few collections of flora samples. Thus, providing a georeferenced inventory of existing collections is essential for purposes of species distribution, environmental management and conservation.

A hairy cavity: endoscopic therapy of a presacral recurrence of a complex pilonidal sinus.

Background: Recently, minimally invasive techniques to avoid radical excisions of the pilonidal sinus with long-lasting secondary wound healing were developed. We describe a rare case of an intrapelvic, pararectal recurrence of a pilonidal sinus, who was innovatively treated with flexible endoscopy.

Case Presentation: A 43-year-old Caucasian man presented with an intrapelvic, pararectal recurrence of a primarily wide-stretched pilonidal sinus, originally located in the sacrococcygeal region and spreading laterally to the gluteal region and intrapelvic to the presacral area.

More than number sense: The additional role of executive functions and metacognition in arithmetic.

Arithmetic is a major building block for children's development of more complex mathematical abilities. Knowing which cognitive factors underlie individual differences in arithmetic is key to gaining further insight into children's mathematical development. The current study investigated the role of executive functions and metacognition (domain-general cognitive factors) as well as symbolic numerical magnitude processing (domain-specific cognitive factor) in arithmetic, enabling the investigation of their unique contribution in addition to each other.

FOXO1 overexpression and loss of pSerine256-FOXO1 expression predicts clinical outcome in esophageal adenocarcinomas.

The function of Forkhead box O 1 (FOXO1) and pSerine256-FOXO1 immunostaining in esophageal cancer is unclear. To clarify the prognostic role of nuclear FOXO1 and cytoplasmic pSerine256-FOXO1 immunostaining, a tissue microarray containing more than 600 esophageal cancers was analyzed. In non-neoplastic esophageal mucosae, FOXO1 expression was detectable in low and pSerine256-FOXO1 expression in high intensities.

Endogenous testosterone and exogenous oxytocin influence the response to baby schema in the female brain.

Nurturing behavior may be critically influenced by the interplay of different hormones. The neuropeptide oxytocin is known to promote maternal behavior and its reduction has been associated with postpartum depression risk and child neglect. Contrariwise, the observed decrease in testosterone level during early parenthood may benefit caretaking behavior, whereas increased testosterone may reduce attention to infants.

GIFT-Cloud: A data sharing and collaboration platform for medical imaging research.

Objectives: Clinical imaging data are essential for developing research software for computer-aided diagnosis, treatment planning and image-guided surgery, yet existing systems are poorly suited for data sharing between healthcare and academia: research systems rarely provide an integrated approach for data exchange with clinicians; hospital systems are focused towards clinical patient care with limited access for external researchers; and safe haven environments are not well suited to algorithm development. We have established GIFT-Cloud, a data and medical image sharing platform, to meet the needs of GIFT-Surg, an international research collaboration that is developing novel imaging methods for fetal surgery. GIFT-Cloud also has general applicability to other areas of imaging research.

Pancreatic cancer and liver metastases: state of the art.

Pancreatic cancer is still one of the most aggressive oncological diseases with a 5-year mortality rate below 10%. Surgery remains the only curative treatment; however, most patients present with late-stage disease deemed unresectable, either due to extensive local vascular involvement or the presence of distant metastasis. In the detection of hepatic metastases, the current standard is palliative chemotherapy with fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) or nab-paclitaxel with gemcitabine.