Melatonin improves adverse vascular remodelling and redox homeostasis in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension.

This study explored the effects of melatonin on cardiac and vascular function, and redox homeostasis in model PAH. Male Wistar rats were divided into: control (CTR), monocrotaline [MCT (60 mg/kg, single dose i.p)], monocrotaline + sildenafil [MCT + SIL (50 mg/kg/day)], and monocrotaline + melatonin [MCT + MEL (10 mg/kg/day)].

Impact of boldine treatment on hypertrophy and lipid peroxidation in the right ventricle subjected to experimental adrenergic overstimulation.

Adrenergic overstimulation is detrimental to the left ventricle. However, its effects on the right ventricle (RV) are not clear. Since adrenergic overload increases metabolic demand and oxidative stress, boldine could be a therapeutic option in the treatment of cardiovascular disease due to its antioxidant role.

Treatment with thyroid hormones and grape juice in a model of pulmonary hypertension: the response of apoptosis and inflammation.

This study explored the association of cardioprotective role of thyroid hormones (TH) and benefit effects of grape juice (GJ) on vascular function against the apoptosis and inflammation associated with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). Wistar rats were distributed into five groups: control; PH (MCT 60mg/kg i.p.

Aerobic training increases renal antioxidant defence and reduces angiotensin II levels, mitigating the high mortality in SHR-STZ model.

Objectve: The purpose of the research was to investigate the effects of aerobic training on renal function, oxidative stress, intrarenal renin-angiotensin system, and mortality of hypertensive and diabetic (SHR-STZ) rats.

Materials And Methods: Blood pressure, creatinine, urea levels, urinary glucose, urine volume, and protein excretion were reduced in trained SHR-STZ rats.

Results: Aerobic training not only attenuated oxidative stress but also elevated the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the kid'ney of SHR-STZ rats.

Melatonin effects on oxidative stress and on TLR4/NF-kβ inflammatory pathway in the right ventricle of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and a compromised the right ventricle (RV), together with progression to heart failure and premature death. Studies have evaluated the role of melatonin as a promising therapeutic strategy for PAH. The objective of this study was to evaluate melatonin's effects on oxidative stress and on the TLR4/NF-kβ inflammatory pathway in the RV of rats with PAH.

Glioprotective Effects of Sulforaphane in Hypothalamus: Focus on Aging Brain.

Sulforaphane is a natural compound with neuroprotective activity, but its effects on hypothalamus remain unknown. In line with this, astrocytes are critical cells to maintain brain homeostasis, and hypothalamic astrocytes are fundamental for sensing and responding to environmental changes involved in a variety of homeostatic functions. Changes in brain functionality, particularly associated with hypothalamic astrocytes, can contribute to age-related neurochemical alterations and, consequently, neurodegenerative diseases.

Melatonin improves nitric oxide bioavailability in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury.

Isoproterenol administration is associated with cardiac inflammation and decreased NO availability. Melatonin has been reported to have cardioprotective effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on NO bioavailability and inflammation in myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol.

Vascular Response of Triiodothyronine on Isolated Aortic Rings: Contribution of Redox Mechanisms.

Background: Vascular dysfunction constitutes the etiology of many diseases, such as myocardial infarction and hypertension, with the disruption of redox homeostasis playing a role in the imbalance of the vasomotor control mechanism. Our group previously has shown that thyroid hormones exert protective effects on the aortic tissue of infarcted rats by improving angiogenesis signaling.

Objective: Investigate the role of triiodothyronine (T3) on vascular response, exploring its effects on isolated aortas and whether there is an involvement of vascular redox mechanisms.

Effects of Pterostilbene on Heart and Lung Oxidative Stress Parameters in 2 Experimental Models of Cardiovascular Disease: Myocardial Infarction and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Myocardial infarction (MI) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are 2 prevalent cardiovascular diseases. In both conditions, oxidative stress is associated with a worse prognosis. Pterostilbene (PTE), an antioxidant compound, has been studied as a possible therapy for cardiovascular diseases.

Sulforaphane Improves Redox Homeostasis and Right Ventricular Contractility in a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), imposing overload on the right ventricle (RV) and imbalance of the redox state. Our study investigated the influence of treatment with sulforaphane (SFN), found in cruciferous vegetables, on RV remodeling and redox homeostasis in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. Male Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups: control (CTR); CTR + SFN; MCT; and MCT + SFN.

Effect of free and nanoemulsified β-caryophyllene on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), right ventricular (RV) failure and premature death. Compounds with vasodilatory characteristics, such as β-caryophyllene, could be promising therapeutics for PAH. This study aimed to determine the effects of free and nanoemulsified β-caryophyllene in lung oxidative stress and heart function in PAH rats.

Circulating Total Extracellular Vesicles Cargo Are Associated with Age-Related Oxidative Stress and Susceptibility to Cardiovascular Diseases: Exploratory Results from Microarray Data.

Aging is a risk factor for many non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Extracellular vesicles and particles (EVP) carry microRNAs that may play a role in age-related diseases and may induce oxidative stress. We hypothesized that aging could impact EVP miRNA and impair redox homeostasis, contributing to chronic age-related diseases.

Copaiba oil improves pulmonary nitric oxide bioavailability in monocrotaline-treated rats.

Oxidative stress is involved in increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy, characteristics of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Copaiba oil, an antioxidant compound, could attenuate PAH damage. This study's aim was to determine the effects of copaiba oil on lung oxidative stress, PVR, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in the monocrotaline (MCT) model of PAH.

Influence of carvedilol and thyroid hormones on inflammatory proteins and cardioprotective factor HIF-1α in the infarcted heart.

Inflammatory pathways of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and NLRP3 inflammasome contribute to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) pathophysiology. The hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), however, is a key transcription factor related to cardioprotection. This study aimed to compare the influence of carvedilol and thyroid hormones (TH) on inflammatory and HIF-1α proteins and on cardiac haemodynamics in the infarcted heart.

Pleurotus albidus (Agaricomycetes) Antioxidant Action Induces Vasodilation in Aorta Arteries: The Influence of the NADPH/NOS Balance.

The main objective of this work was to evaluate whether Pleurotus albidus extract exerts influences on aorta artery tone by its antioxidant properties. The hearts and aortic arteries of male Wistar rats were removed for use in biochemical analysis and vascular reactivity. Both tissues were exposed to P.

Pterostilbene Reduces Experimental Myocardial Infarction-Induced Oxidative Stress in Lung and Right Ventricle.

Background: Pterostilbene (PS), a natural and antioxidant polyphenolic compound emerges as a promising intervention in improving the myocardial infarction (MI) damages.

Objetives: This study aimed to evaluate PS actions in promoting redox homeostasis in lungs and right ventricle (RV) of infarcted animals.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (60 day-old) were randomized into three groups: SHAM, MI (infarcted), and MI+PS (MI+pterostilbene).

Sulforaphane Effects on Cardiac Function and Calcium-Handling-Related Proteins in 2 Experimental Models of Heart Disease: Ischemia-Reperfusion and Infarction.

Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural exogenous antioxidant from cruciferous vegetables already shown to improve cardiac function in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of SFN treatment on the cardiac function in 2 experimental models of heart disease, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and myocardial infarction (MI), and whether an improvement of the cardiac function could be associated with a modulation of calcium-handling proteins. The study was divided into 2 main experiments: experiment 1, ex vivo with the I/R model and experiment 2, in vivo with the MI model.

Blueberry extract attenuates norepinephrine-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiac cells.

Enhanced sympathetic system activation mediated by norepinephrine (NE) contributes to adverse cardiac remodeling leading to oxidative stress and cell death, progressing to heart failure. Natural antioxidants may help maintain redox balance, attenuating NE-mediated cardiac cell damage. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of a blueberry extract (BBE) on H9c2 cardiac cells exposed to NE on cell death, oxidative stress status and its major signaling pathways.

The brief methylprednisolone administration is crucial to mitigate cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the major causes of heart failure and mortality. Glucocorticoids administration post-infarction has long been proposed, but it has shown conflicting results so far. This controversy may be associated with the glucocorticoid type and the period when it is administered.

Oral delivery of ambrisentan-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules as a novel approach for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Ambrisentan (AMB) is an orphan drug approved for oral administration that has been developed for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a chronic and progressive pathophysiological state that might result in death if left untreated. Lipid-core nanocapsules (LNCs) are versatile nanoformulations capable of loading lipophilic drugs for topical, vaginal, oral, intravenous, pulmonary, and nasal administration. Our hypothesis was to load AMB into these nanocapsules (LNC) and test their effect on slowing or reducing the progression of monocrotaline-induced PAH in a rat model, upon oral administration.

Thioredoxin system activation is associated with the progression of experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension.

In addition to being an antioxidant, thioredoxin (Trx) is known to stimulate signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and to inhibit apoptosis. The aim of this study was to explore the role of Trx in some of these pathways along the progression of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Male rats were first divided into two groups: monocrotaline (MCT - 60 mg/kg i.

Blueberry extract improves redox balance and functional parameters in the right ventricle from rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Purpose: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricle (RV) failure. In this context, oxidative stress is an essential element contributing to PAH's pathophysiology. Thus, blueberry (BB), which has a high antioxidant capacity, emerges as a natural therapeutic approach in PAH.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension induces the release of circulating extracellular vesicles with oxidative content and alters redox and mitochondrial homeostasis in the brains of rats.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased resistance of the pulmonary vasculature and afterload imposed on the right ventricle (RV). Two major contributors to the worsening of this disease are oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment. This study aimed to explore the effects of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH on redox and mitochondrial homeostasis in the RV and brain and how circulating extracellular vesicle (EV) signaling is related to these phenomena.