Effects of intermittent training on anaerobic performance and MCT transporters in athletes.

This study examined the effects of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) on skeletal muscle monocarboxylate lactate transporter (MCT) expression and anaerobic performance in trained athletes. Cyclists were assigned to two interventions, either normoxic (N; n = 8; 150 mmHg PIO2) or hypoxic (H; n = 10; ∼3000 m, 100 mmHg PIO2) over a three week training (5×1 h-1h30 x week(-1)) period. Prior to and after training, an incremental exercise test to exhaustion (EXT) was performed in normoxia together with a 2 min time trial (TT).

A phase I study of the heat shock protein 90 inhibitor alvespimycin (17-DMAG) given intravenously to patients with advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: A phase I study to define toxicity and recommend a phase II dose of the HSP90 inhibitor alvespimycin (17-DMAG; 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin). Secondary endpoints included evaluation of pharmacokinetic profile, tumor response, and definition of a biologically effective dose (BED).

Patients And Methods: Patients with advanced solid cancers were treated with weekly, intravenous (i.

Are oxygen uptake kinetics modified when using a respiratory snorkel?

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare VO2 kinetics during constant power cycle exercise measured using a conventional facemask (CM) or a respiratory snorkel (RS) designed for breath-by-breath analysis in swimming.

Methods: VO2 kinetics parameters-obtained using CM or RS, in randomized counterbalanced order-were compared in 10 trained triathletes performing two submaximal heavy-intensity cycling square-wave transitions. These VO2 kinetics parameters (ie, time delay: td1, td2; time constant: τ1, τ2; amplitude: A1, A2, for the primary phase and slow component, respectively) were modeled using a double exponential function.

The relationship between monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 expression in skeletal muscle and endurance performance in athletes.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between skeletal muscle monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1 and MCT4) expression, skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and endurance performance in trained cyclists. Ten well-trained cyclists (mean +/- SD; age 24.4 +/- 2.

Effect of intermittent hypoxic training on HIF gene expression in human skeletal muscle and leukocytes.

Intermittent hypoxic exposure with exercise training is based on the assumption that brief exposure to hypoxia is sufficient to induce beneficial muscular adaptations mediated via hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF). We previously demonstrated (Mounier et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc 38:1410-1417, 2006) that leukocytes respond to hypoxia with a marked inter-individual variability in HIF-1alpha mRNA.

Effects of intermittent hypoxic training on cycling performance in well-trained athletes.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a short-term period of intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) on cycling performance in athletes. Nineteen participants were randomly assigned to two groups: normoxic (NT, n = 9) and intermittent hypoxic training group (IHT, n = 10). A 3-week training program (5 x 1 h-1 h 30 min per week) was completed.

Effects of intermittent hypoxic training on amino and fatty acid oxidative combustion in human permeabilized muscle fibers.

The effects of concurrent hypoxic/endurance training on mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized fibers in trained athletes were investigated. Eighteen endurance athletes were divided into two training groups: normoxic (Nor, n = 8) and hypoxic (H, n = 10). Three weeks (W1-W3) of endurance training (5 sessions of 1 h to 1 h and 30 min per week) were completed.

Leukocyte's Hif-1 expression and training-induced erythropoietic response in swimmers.

Purpose: Altitude training is popular among athletes to augment oxygen delivery capabilities to tissues and to improve physical performance. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) controls the expression of several genes' encoding involved in physiological responses towards reduced oxygen availability, in particular by increasing serum erythropoietin (EPO). It may be involved in the individual variability for erythropoietic markers and/or sea-level performance of athletes using altitude during their training.

Living high-training low: effect on erythropoiesis and aerobic performance in highly-trained swimmers.

The "living high-training low" model (LHTL), i.e., training in normoxia but sleeping/living in hypoxia, is designed to improve the athletes performance.

VO2 responses to intermittent swimming sets at velocity associated with VO2max.

While the physiological adaptations following endurance training are relatively well understood, in swimming there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the metabolic responses to interval training (IT). The hypothesis tested predicted that two different endurance swimming IT sets would induce differences in the total time the subjects swam at a high percentage of maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2)max). Ten trained triathletes underwent an incremental test to exhaustion in swimming so that the swimming velocity associated with VO(2)max (vVO(2)max) could be determined.

Simvastatin induces impairment in skeletal muscle while heart is protected.

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used to reduce plasma cholesterol concentration. However, statins are also known to induce various forms of muscular toxicity. We have previously shown that acute application of simvastatin on human skeletal muscle samples induced a cascade of cellular events originating from mitochondria and resulting in a global alteration of Ca2+ homeostasis.

Effects of hypoxic interval training on cycling performance.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that intermittent hypoxic interval training improves sea level cycling performance more than equivalent training in hypoxia or normoxia.

Methods: Thirty-three well-trained cyclists and triathletes (25.9 +/- 2.