Assessing the effects of weekly preweaning health scores on dairy calf mortality and productivity parameters: cohort study.

A longitudinal cohort study was conducted to follow the health of 787 calves from one UK dairy farm over a two-and-a-half-year period. Weekly health scores were gathered using a modified version of the Wisconsin Calf Scoring system (which did not record ear position) until calves were eight weeks of age, combined with data on colostral passive transfer, mortality, age at first conception and 305-day milk yield. High morbidity levels were detected, with 87 per cent of calves experiencing at least one clinically significant event (diarrhoea, pyrexia, pneumonia, nasal or ocular discharge, navel ill or joint ill).

Long-term Outcome of Argon Laser Peripheral Iridoplasty in the Management of Plateau Iris Syndrome Eyes.

Purpose: To report long-term (>5 y) outcomes of plateau iris syndrome patients treated with argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI).

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients with plateau iris syndrome treated with ALPI from 1996 to 2007. The study included 22 eyes from 22 patients with plateau iris after peripheral iridotomy that were followed for at least 1 year after ALPI.

The reliability of the American Community Survey for injury surveillance.

Background: To evaluate the reliability and predictability of 49 socioeconomic indicators constructed from the annual and multiyear American Community Survey (ACS) data cycles for monitoring injury inequalities across the USA.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the 2006-2013 annual and multiyear county-level ACS data cycles. Indicator reliability was assessed using the margin of error and coefficient of variation (CV).

Effect of monensin inclusion on intake, digestion, and ruminal fermentation parameters by and steers consuming bermudagrass hay.

Effects of monensin inclusion and cattle subspecies on utilization of bermudagrass hay (13.7% CP, 77.3% NDF, and 38.

Effect of monensin withdrawal on intake, digestion, and ruminal fermentation parameters by and steers consuming bermudagrass hay.

Effects of monensin withdrawal and cattle subspecies on the utilization of bermudagrass hay (14.3% CP, 72.3% NDF, and 36.

Examiner Handedness and the Effects on Intraocular Pressure Readings Using the Tono-Pen XL.

Purpose: To assess the effect of examiner handedness on intraocular pressure (IOP) readings using the Tono-Pen XL in eyes without corneal pathology or previous ocular surgeries.

Patients And Methods: Patients 18 years of age or older were included in this prospective study. Participants who had a history of corneal conditions or other characteristics that would prevent reliable IOP measurements were excluded.

Advanced solvent signal suppression for the acquisition of 1D and 2D NMR spectra of Scotch Whisky.

A simple and robust solvent suppression technique that enables acquisition of high-quality 1D H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of alcoholic beverages on cryoprobe instruments was developed and applied to acquire NMR spectra of Scotch Whisky. The method uses 3 channels to suppress signals of water and ethanol, including those of C satellites of ethanol. It is executed in automation allowing high throughput investigations of alcoholic beverages.

Multiple innovations underpinned branching form diversification in mosses.

Broad-scale evolutionary comparisons have shown that branching forms arose by convergence in vascular plants and bryophytes, but the trajectory of branching form diversification in bryophytes is unclear. Mosses are the most species-rich bryophyte lineage and two sub-groups are circumscribed by alternative reproductive organ placements. In one, reproductive organs form apically, terminating growth of the primary shoot (gametophore) axis.

Multi-electron reduction of sulfur and carbon disulfide using binuclear uranium(iii) borohydride complexes.

The first use of a dinuclear U/U complex in the activation of small molecules is reported. The octadentate Schiff-base pyrrole, anthracene-hinged 'Pacman' ligand L combines two strongly reducing U centres and three borohydride ligands in [M(THF)][{U(BH)}(μ-BH)(L)(THF)] , (M = Li, Na, K). The two borohydride ligands bound to uranium outside the macrocyclic cleft are readily substituted by aryloxide ligands, resulting in a single, weakly-bound, encapsulated group 1 metal borohydride bridging the two U centres in [{U(OAr)}(μ-MBH)(L)(THF)] (OAr = OCH Bu-2,4,6, M = Na, K).

Inner-sphere outer-sphere reduction of uranyl supported by a redox-active, donor-expanded dipyrrin.

The uranyl(vi) complex UOCl(L) of the redox-active, acyclic diimino-dipyrrin anion, L is reported and its reaction with inner- and outer-sphere reductants studied. Voltammetric, EPR-spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic studies show that chemical reduction by the outer-sphere reagent CoCp initially reduces the ligand to a dipyrrin radical, and imply that a second equivalent of CoCp reduces the U(vi) centre to form U(v). Cyclic voltammetry indicates that further outer-sphere reduction to form the putative U(iv) trianion only occurs at strongly cathodic potentials.

A prospective cohort study of digital cushion and corium thickness. Part 1: Associations with body condition, lesion incidence, and proximity to calving.

Claw horn disruption lesions (CHDL) are a major cause of lameness in dairy cattle and are likely a result of excessive forces being applied to the germinal epithelium that produces the claw horn. The digital cushion is a connective tissue structure, containing depots of adipose tissue, that sits beneath the distal phalanx and has been shown to be thicker in fatter cows. Body condition score (BCS) loss is a risk factor for CHDL, and one possible explanation is that fat is mobilized from the digital cushion during negative energy balance, causing the digital cushion to thin and lose force-dissipating capacity, leading to disruption of claw horn growth.

A prospective cohort study of digital cushion and corium thickness. Part 2: Does thinning of the digital cushion and corium lead to lameness and claw horn disruption lesions?

The aim of this study was to determine whether a decrease in thickness of the sole soft tissues (SST) beneath the flexor tuberosity of the distal phalanx (i.e., the digital cushion and corium) predisposed a claw to develop claw horn disruption lesions (CHDL) or a leg to lameness.

Randomised positive control trial of NSAID and antimicrobial treatment for calf fever caused by pneumonia.

One hundred and fifty-four preweaning calves were followed between May and October 2015. Calves were fitted with continuous monitoring temperature probes (TempVerified FeverTag), programmed so a flashing light emitting diode (LED) light was triggered following six hours of a sustained ear canal temperature of ≥39.7°C.

Inhibition of monocarboxyate transporter 1 by AZD3965 as a novel therapeutic approach for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma.

Inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter 1 has been proposed as a therapeutic approach to perturb lactate shuttling in tumor cells that lack monocarboxylate transporter 4. We examined the monocarboxylate transporter 1 inhibitor AZD3965, currently in phase I clinical studies, as a potential therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma. Whilst extensive monocarboxylate transporter 1 protein was found in 120 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and 10 Burkitt lymphoma patients' tumors, monocarboxylate transporter 4 protein expression was undetectable in 73% of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma samples and undetectable or negligible in each Burkitt lymphoma sample.

Data capture and communication during transfers to definitive care in an inclusive trauma system.

Introduction: Background trauma survivors in rural areas transferred to urban centers have higher mortality than trauma patients admitted directly to urban centers. Transfer data in trauma registries is important for injury control. Prehospital and early physiologic data may reflect processes of pre-hospital care.

Direction- and Salt-Dependent Ionic Current Signatures for DNA Sensing with Asymmetric Nanopores.

Solid-state nanopores are promising tools for single-molecule detection of both DNA and proteins. In this study, we investigated the patterns of ionic current blockades as DNA translocates into or out of the geometric confinement of conically shaped pores across a wide range of salt conditions. We studied how the geometry of a nanopore affects the detected ionic current signal of a translocating DNA molecule over a wide range of salt concentration.

A team approach to supporting the nutritional needs of patients living with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults, with most diagnoses occurring between the ages of 25-49 years. Nutrition must be managed effectively and holistically to improve health and quality of life. Dysphagia management is collaborative and can enhance nutrition and hydration goals as well as reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia.

Randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effect of foot trimming before and after first calving on subsequent lameness episodes and productivity in dairy heifers.

The objective of this study was to assess both independent and combined effects of routine foot trimming of heifers at 3 weeks pre-calving and 100 days post calving on the first lactation lameness and lactation productivity. A total of 419 pre-calving dairy heifers were recruited from one heifer rearing operation over a 10-month period. Heifers were randomly allocated into one of four foot trimming regimens; pre-calving foot trim and post-calving lameness score (Group TL), pre-calving lameness score and post-calving foot trim (Group LT), pre-calving foot trim and post-calving foot trim (Group TT), and pre-calving lameness score and post-calving lameness score (Group LL, control group).

First record of the root knot nematode, in New Zealand with description, sequencing information and key to known species of in New Zealand.

Meloidogyne minor Karssen et al. 2004 was collected from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) growing in a sports ground in Christchurch, New Zealand.

Characterization and in vivo regulon determination of an ECF sigma factor and its cognate anti-sigma factor in Nostoc punctiforme.

Based on primary sequence comparisons and genomic context, Npun_F4153 (SigG)/Npun_F4154 (SapG) of the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme were hypothesized to encode an ECF sigma factor/anti-sigma factor pair. Transcription of sigG increased in heterocysts and akinetes, and after EDTA treatment. Interaction between SigG and the predicted cytoplasmic domain of SapG was observed in vitro.

Detection of Invertebrate Suppressive Soils, and Identification of a Possible Biological Control Agent for Nematodes Using High Resolution Rhizosphere Microbial Community Analysis.

White clover () is the key legume component of New Zealand pastoral agriculture due to the high quality feed and nitrogen inputs it provides. Invertebrate pests constrain white clover growth and this study investigated rhizosphere-associated fungal controls for two of these pests and attempts to disentangle the underpinning mechanisms. The degree of suppressiveness of 10 soils, in a latitudinal gradient down New Zealand, to added and scarab larvae was measured in untreated soil.

Correction: Inner-sphere outer-sphere reduction of uranyl supported by a redox-active, donor-expanded dipyrrin.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C6SC02912D.].

Peptide engineered microcantilevers for selective chemical force microscopy and monitoring of nanoparticle capture.

Engineered peptides capable of binding to silica have been used to provide contrast in chemical force microscopy and tested for their capacity to selectively capture silica nanoparticles (NPs). Gold coated atomic force microscopy (AFM) microcantilevers with integrated tips and colloidal probes were functionalized with engineered peptides through a thiol group of a terminal cysteine which was linked via a glycine trimer to a 12-mer binding sequence. The functionalized probes demonstrated a significantly increased binding force on silicon oxide areas of a gold-patterned silicon wafer, whereas plain gold probes, and those functionalized with a random permutation of the silica binding peptide motif or an all-histidine sequence displayed similar adhesion forces to gold and silicon oxide.

Agreement between Gonioscopic Examination and Swept Source Fourier Domain Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging.

. To evaluate interobserver, intervisit, and interinstrument agreements for gonioscopy and Fourier domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (FD ASOCT) for classifying open and narrow angle eyes. .