A Citizen Science and Photovoice Approach to Food Asset Mapping and Food System Planning.

Food asset mapping conducted by planners and policymakers usually consists of an online map identifying the locations of food-related sites in cities. However, food asset mapping may be limited in its consideration for ecological and cultural assets critical for community food security. Furthermore, what are considered "assets" may not reflect the everyday lived experiences of marginalized communities.

Are children with food allergies more likely to have lower urinary tract symptoms? A case-control study.

Introduction: There are multiple historic reports linking lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in children with food allergies (FA), but contemporary studies are sparse. The objective of this study was to evaluate a potential link between FA and LUTS in the pediatric population. We hypothesized that children with FAs are more likely to have LUTS.

Understanding factors influencing primary treatment with intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA versus augmentation cystoplasty in patients with spina bifida.

Purpose: Surgical interventions in the urologic management of children with neurogenic bladder secondary to spina bifida aim to preserve upper tract function, prevent urinary tract infections, and optimize quality of life. However, since the introduction of intravesical onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) in the management of these patients, the indications for choosing Botox over augmentation cystoplasty (AC) remain undefined. The objective of this study was to determine which factors lead patients to undergo Botox versus AC as a primary surgical treatment after failing medical management.

Virilization of a 46,XX Fetus Following Aromatase Inhibitor Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Virilization of the 46,XX infant may be attributed to maternal or fetoplacental origin. Maternal sources may be endogenous, as with an androgen-producing tumor, or drug-related. Iatrogenic virilization by maternal drug exposure is rarely reported, with individual case reports and case series demonstrating the effects of progesterone and other medications affecting the pituitary-ovarian axis.

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic repair of a congenital rectourethral fistula with duplicated urethra.

Objective: To describe our experience with robot-assisted laparoscopic transperitoneal repair of a congenital rectourethral fistula in a pediatric patient with a urethral duplication.

Methods: The patient is a 2-year-old male with a past medical history of Tetralogy of Fallot presenting with a febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). He was diagnosed with urethral duplication and a rectourethral fistula by voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG).

Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylation protects from cyclophosphamide-induced bladder injury and urinary dysfunction.

Disruption of the blood-urine barrier can result in acute or chronic inflammatory bladder injury. Activation of the oxygen-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway has been shown to protect mucosal membranes by increasing the expression of cytoprotective genes and by suppressing inflammation. The activity of HIF is controlled by prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) dioxygenases, which have been exploited as therapeutic targets for the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease.

Exploring the Feasibility of a Mindfulness-Music Therapy Intervention to Improve Anxiety and Stress in Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer.

Context: Adolescent and young adults (AYAs) with cancer experience significant psychological distress due to cancer treatment that can persist long after treatment. However, little is known regarding optimal interventions to support the psychosocial needs of AYAs with cancer.

Objective: The overall objective of this single arm, longitudinal, pilot study was to determine the feasibility of implementing a mindfulness-based music therapy intervention to improve anxiety and stress in AYAs receiving cancer treatment.

The impact of early versus late tocilizumab administration in patients with cytokine release syndrome secondary to immune effector cell therapy.

Introduction: Cytokine release syndrome is a life-threatening hyper-inflammatory state induced by immune effector cell therapy. Anti-interleukin 6-(IL-6) therapy, such as tocilizumab, is the standard treatment for cytokine release syndrome since it reverses symptoms without compromising immune effector cell therapy efficacy. Glucocorticoids are reserved for refractory or severe cytokine release syndrome due to concern for attenuating antitumor activity.

Hidden consequences of patient satisfaction: A survey of pediatric surgeons.

Background: Patient satisfaction surveys are increasingly utilized to assess patients' perceptions of their health care. Recently, these scores have been linked to payment, potentially incentivizing practices to meet certain metrics. We hypothesize that increasing pressures to receive positive reviews have led physicians to alter the delivery of their care to accommodate patient expectations over standards of care.

Association Between Liver Fat and Bone Density is Confounded by General and Visceral Adiposity in a Community-Based Cohort.

Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD); however, it is not known whether early-stage NAFLD may be associated with BMD after accounting for BMI or visceral adipose tissue (VAT).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 3,462 Framingham Heart Study participants who underwent computed tomographic measurement of liver fat, VAT volume, volumetric spine BMD, vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA), and vertebral compressive strength. This study excluded heavy alcohol consumers.

The Homeodomain Transcription Factor NKX3.1 Modulates Bladder Outlet Obstruction Induced Fibrosis in Mice.

Fibrosis is an irreversible remodeling process characterized by the deposition of collagen in the extracellular matrix of various organs through a variety of pathologies in children, leading to the stiffening of healthy tissues and organ dysfunction. Despite the prevalence of fibrotic disease in children, large gaps exist in our understanding of the mechanisms that lead to fibrosis, and there are currently no therapies to treat or reverse it. We previously observed that castration significantly reduces fibrosis in the bladders of male mice that have been partially obstructed.

Stem cell antigen/Ly6a protects against bladder fibrosis in mice.

We have defined a population of stem cell antigen (Sca)-1/CD34/lin mesenchymal stem cells in the mouse urinary bladder. These cells are reduced after partial bladder outlet obstruction (PO). To test the role of Sca-1 expressed by these cells, we analyzed bladders from Sca-1 knockout (KO) mice in both uninjured male mice and male mice subjected to PO.

Thirty-day hospital revisits after prostate brachytherapy: who is at risk?

Background: Transperineal prostate brachytherapy is a common outpatient procedure for the treatment of prostate cancer. Whereas long-term morbidity and toxicities are widely published, rates of short-term complications leading to hospital revisits have not been well described.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent brachytherapy for prostate cancer in an ambulatory setting were identified in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Ambulatory Surgery Database for California between 2007 and 2011.

Estimated kidney function in children and young adults with spina bifida: A retrospective cohort study.

Aims: Current estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations may be inaccurate in patients with spina bifida (SB) because of reduced muscle mass and stature. Cross-sectional and longitudinal variability of eGFR were analyzed in these patients across multiple equations, hypothesizing greater variability in creatinine-based than cystatin-C (Cys-C)-based equations.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included children (age, 1-17.

The July Effect in Urological Surgery-Myth or Reality?

Introduction: The July effect is the widely held belief that medical care is compromised at the beginning of the academic year due to transitioning medical trainees. We determined its impact on surgical outcomes in urological surgery.

Methods: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Database, State Ambulatory Surgery and Services Database and State Emergency Department Database for California were used for the years 2007 to 2011.

Advising on the care of the uncircumcised penis: A survey of pediatric urologists in the United States.

Background: Parents of uncircumcised boys often report confusion regarding the proper care and hygiene practices for the uncircumcised penis. The lack of guidance from healthcare providers may be due to a lack of consensus on the proper care of the prepuce.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether or not there exists consensus among pediatric urologists on the care of the uncircumcised penis and on the advice they provide to parents.

Voided volumes predict degree of partial bladder outlet obstruction in a murine model.

The partial bladder outlet obstruction animal model (pBOO) is commonly used as a model for obstructive uropathy. Unfortunately, pBOO demonstrates variable degrees of obstruction requiring bladder weight (BW) or urodynamic studies to determine true obstruction. Our objective is to identify extent of obstruction by correlating early post-operative Void Stains on Paper (VSOP) assays with ultimate BW in mice.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic transplant-to-native ureteroureterostomy of an intraperitoneal renal allograft.

Objective: The objective is to describe our experience with robot-assisted laparoscopic transplant-to-native ureteroureterostomy (UU) in a pediatric patient with an intraperitoneal renal allograft. We have previously demonstrated this technique for an extraperitoneal allograft.

Methods: The patient is a 17-year-old female who had undergone a deceased donor renal transplant at 5 years of age.

Pushing Boundaries: Robotic Nephrectomy of an Auto-transplanted Kidney for Recurrent Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Advances in robotic technology continue to expand the boundaries of minimally invasive approaches in transplant surgery. A single report has previously described the use of the robotic approach in transplant nephrectomy for a failed allograft. Our objective is to describe our technique and experience for the first reported robotic nephrectomy of an auto-transplanted solitary kidney for a recurrence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Implications of postoperative pulmonary aspiration following major urologic surgery.

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to assess the incidence of pulmonary aspiration following major urologic surgery, predictors of an aspiration event, and subsequent clinical outcomes.

Materials And Methods: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Database for California between 2007-2011 was used to identify cystectomy, prostatectomy, partial and radical nephrectomy patients. Aspiration events were identified within 30 days of surgery.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic megaureter tapering with ureteral reimplantation: Tips and tricks.

Objective: The aim was to demonstrate surgical techniques used in pediatric robot-assisted laparoscopic megaureter tapering (RALMT) with ureteral reimplantation. We report on our preliminary experience.

Methods: We reviewed video of patients who underwent RALMT with ureteral reimplantation between August 2012 and November 2015.