[Participation of metabotropic glutamate receptors of the brain in mechanizms of hypoxic signaling].

Group I of metabotropic glutamate receptors (ImGluRs) are a family of G-protein-coupled receptors which activate a multitude of signaling pathways important for modulating neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity as well as anti- and prosurvival pathways initiated by hypoxia. However these functions are still not complete and sometimes controversial. The present work is a review of data concerning involvement of ImGluRs in mechanisms of cell response to hypoxia.

[Comparison of Ca2+ responses to stimulation of glutamate receptors in the rat brain cortex following hypobaric hypoxia of different degree].

Hypoxia modifies glutamatergic signaling in the brain producing an increase of intracellular Ca2+ level. Depending on the power of survived hypoxia, degres and spatial-temporal profile of posthypoxic Ca2+ accumulation induce different Ca2+-dependent processes leading cells either to death or to hypoxia tolerance. To elucidate the specificity of different glutamate receptors involvement in these alternative processes the patterns of Ca2+ responses to stimulation of different subtype of ionotropic and metabolotropic glutamate receptors by their agonists were determined in perfused slices of piriform cortex obtained from the rats surviving either severe (pathogenic) or moderate (preconditioning) hypobaric hypoxia.

[Effect of disulfide bonds on lysozyme dynamics].

The effect of destruction of disulfide bonds on the dynamics of proteins was studied by an example of lysozyme by the methods of molecular dynamics. In lysozyme, in the absence of disulfide bonds, the characteristic times of motions of secondary structure devices increased 3-7 times, whereas the amplitudes of fluctuations of secondary structure devices practically did not vary. In the absence of S-S-bonds, the volume of the molecule decreased approximately by 2%, primarily due to a "cleft" between the major and the small domains of lysozyme.

[Molecular dynamics of bending fluctuations in the protein secondary structures].

A comparative study of the dynamics of protein secondary structure elements by the example of alpha-helices of myoglobin, barnase, polylysine, and polyglycine and beta-layers of barnase and GFP was carried out by the methods of molecular dynamics. The effective Young's moduli of both free secondary structure elements and those built in the protein globule were determined. A heterogeneity of the elastic properties of the secondary structure elements was found.

[Molecular dynamics of oligopeptides. 4. Dynamic characteristics of frequently and rarely occurring dipeptide fragments of proteins].

The existence of differences in the dynamic organization of frequently and the rarely occurring dipeptide fragments in globular and membrane proteins was shown. The dynamic isomorphism and the collective degrees of freedom in these fragments were analyzed. A topological classification of the maps of the levels of free energy for pairs of dihedral angles of the main chain and side residues was carried out.

[Statistical distribution of dipeptides in protein structures and dynamic characteristics of some protein fragments].

Statistical distributions of the occurrence of dipeptide fragments in proteins were studied. Various algorithms of ordering of files of frequency distribution were used. A correlation of occurrence of pairs of amino acid residues in various classes of proteins was established.

[Use of laser irradiation for the prevention and treatment of complications following surgery of the lungs and pleura].

Low-energy laser irradiation was used in treatment of 77 patients with surgical diseases of the lung and pleura. Laser therapy was performed by means of transcutaneous irradiation of the patients with the use of a semiconductor arsenide-gallium laser and influencing with helium-neon laser on the biologically active points. The use of laser therapy contributed to decrease in incidence of postoperative complications, shortening the duration of treatment of the patients at a hospital.

[A photometric method of analysis of cyanides].

The contributors propose a selective photometric technique for detection of sodium and potassium cyanides in different washings, sewage, overalls extraction. The technique was based on the formation of a polymetyne dye, and barbituric acid and pyridine reactions. It proved efficient in detecting the cyanides within 0.

[A method of cleaning overalls contaminated with sodium cyanide].

The contributors propose a new technique of cleaning overalls in galvanic shops from crystalline natrium cyanide (NC) and alkaline solutions. The technique includes washing in hot 0.05% syntamide-5 solution for 4-5 min.

[Adaptation to neuroleptic preparations and several ways of combatting it (experimental study)].

To study the possible mechanisms of the formation of secondary therapeutic resistance, the author carried out a chronic experiment on animals which were administered different doses of a neuroleptic (haloperidol) for 20 days. The neuroleptic effect of the drug was shown to significantly decrease following prolonged administration. It was found that upon the first administration of haloperidol mice developed marked catalepsy 2 hours after administration.

[Various methods of overcoming secondary resistance to treatment developing in relation to adaptation to psychotropic drugs during long-term treatment (clinico-experimental study)].

Clinical and experimental studies into the phenomenon of adaptation to neuroleptic agents and into the methods of its overcoming were carried out. An experimental study of the long-term administrations of haloperidol revealed the formation of adaptation to the drug which can be overcome by a zigzag-like sharp elevation of the dosage followed by rapid reduction to the baseline level. The trial of this method under clinical conditions showed that it was expedient to use on a large scale the experimental findings on the specific features of the formation and prevention of the secondary therapeutic resistance.

[Metal osteosynthesis in fresh closed fractures of the diaphyses of long tubular bones].

Metallic osteosynthesis must be used for fractures of the diaphysis of long tubular bones on the basis of strict indications. Its high efficiency can be reached by creation of the ideal adaptation, good interfragmental contact and absolute fixity of the fragments. The compression osteosynthesis is thought to be a perspective method.

[Effect of varying the dose of haloperidol during its prolonged administration on the development of tolerance and hypersensitivity in dopamine receptors].

It has been shown in experiments on male mice that prolonged administration (for 20 days) of haloperidol in doses of 0.1, 1.0, 5.