Association of sweet taste receptor gene polymorphisms with dental caries experience in school children.

Sweet taste is a powerful factor influencing food acceptance. The peripheral taste response to sugar is mediated by the TAS1R2/TAS1R3 taste receptors. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between TAS1R2 (rs35874116 or rs9701796) and/or TAS1R3 (rs307355) single nucleotide polymorphisms with dental caries experience in schoolchildren.

The relationship of Bradykinin B₂ receptor gene variation with obesity, hypertension and lipid variables in obese patients.

Objective: This study examined the association of C-58T genotypes with obesity/hypertension related parameters and serum lipids in obese (n=108) and non-obese (n=80) patients.

Materials And Methods: Bradykinin receptor (B₂R) C-58T genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP.

Results: B₂R gene C-58T frequencies for T/T (homozygous wild type), T/C (heterozygous) and C/C (homozygous polymorphic) genotypes for obese and non-obese patients were respectively: 36.

Prevalence of endothelial nitric oxide synthase E298D polymorphism in Turkish patients with essential hypertension.

Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) E298D polymorphism in obesity variables and essential hypertension (eHT) development risk. The genotype frequencies of E298D polymorphism in eHT patients and non-hypertensive (non-HT) controls (proven to have normal coronaries angiographically) were analyzed for their association with demographic and obesity related data of the eHT patients and controls.

Materials And Methods: eNOS gene E298D genotypes were determined with qPCR.

Relationship of RIC-3 gene rs1528133 polymorphism with varying degrees of body weight and eating behavior.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the allele frequencies of resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 3 homologue (RIC-3) gene rs1528133 polymorphism in overweight+obese+morbid obese and non-obese (non-OB) subjects. The effects of rs1528133 genotypes on anthropometric, diabetes and obesity related parameters, self-reported macronutrient intake and drugs were also evaluated. The study was performed on overweight+obese+morbid obese and non-obese subjects.

Relationship of transcription factor 7 like 2 gene rs7903146 variation with type 2 diabetes and obesity related parameters.

Aims: The allele frequencies of transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) gene rs7903146 polymorphism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-T2DM controls were determined.

Methods: TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotypes were determined with qPCR.

Results: The TCF7L2 gene rs7903146 genotype frequencies for homozygous wild type (C/C), heterozygous (C/T) and homozygous polymorphic (T/T) for T2DM patients were determined, respectively, as 71.

FTO mRNA expression in extremely obese and type 2 diabetic human omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues.

Background: Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) gene expression is known to correlate with obesity. Our aim was to investigate the FTO gene expression in paired omental and subcutaneous human adipose tissues from morbid and obese patients. To understand the role of CD68-positive macrophages in adipose tissues, the correlation with adiposity parameters such as adipocyte diameter and adipocyte radius was also measured.

Common variants in the ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 gene with decreased HDL-cholesterol levels and coronary artery disease.

Background: Our aim was to determine whether the common variants within the coding sequence of ABCA1 gene affects low plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in Turkish patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The study group was composed of 552 CAD patients, of which 251 had HDL-C levels < or =40 mg/dL, and 301 had HDL-C levels >40 mg/dL.

Methods: PCR-RFLP was used to determine the A2589G and G3456C DNA polymorphisms of the ABCA1 gene.

Presence of fatty-acid-binding protein 4 expression in human epicardial adipose tissue in metabolic syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of different clinical manifestations that are risk factors for atherothrombotic cardiovascular disorders. Fatty-acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4/aP2), which is highly expressed in adipocytes, specifically exerts intracellular lipid trafficking. A high level of fatty-acid-binding protein 4 expression present in obese subjects has also been found in mice and humans, especially in macrophages at atherosclerotic lesions.

Association of Resistin Gene 3'-Untranslated Region EX4-44G-->A Polymorphism with Obesity- and Insulin-Related Phenotypes in Turkish Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

Resistin, an adipocyte-secreted hormone, has been associated with obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in some, but not all, rodent models. In humans, the exact function of resistin is unkown. Because 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) single nucleotide substitutions (SNPs) have been shown to affect gene expression, we examined the EX4-44G-->A SNP in the 3'-UTR of exon 3 within the resistin gene.

Lipoprotein lipase gene PvuII polymorphism serum lipids and risk for coronary artery disease: meta-analysis.

Our aim was to determine whether lipoprotein lipase gene PvuII polymorphism can be considered as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) by conducting a meta-analysis of all available published trials, including our own study. In 7 seperate studies, 3289 subjects were screened for this substitution; meta-analysis included only some of these individuals. Among the 7 studies, 6 were performed on white subjects, whereas 1 was on patients with Saudi Arabic descent.

Apolipoprotein B gene variants are involved in the determination of blood glucose and lipid levels in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

We have examined the frequency of the EcoRI, XbaI and MspI RFLPs of the apolipoprotein B (apo B) gene in 110 type 2 diabetic patients and 91 healthy control subjects in order to ascertain whether variation in this gene may influence the development of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes). Serum lipids including total-cholesterol (T-Chol), triacylglycerol (TAG), apolipoprotein E (apo E), apolipoprotein AI (apo AI), apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were analysed. Genomic DNA was extracted and the apo B polymorphic regions amplified by the polymerase chain reaction.

Polymorphisms at the ligand binding site of the vitamin D receptor gene and osteomalacia.

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms have been suggested as possible determinants of bone mineral density (BMD) and calcium metabolism. In this study, our aim was to determine whether there is an association between VDR gene polymorphism and osteomalacia or not. We determined ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene in 24 patients with osteomalacia and 25 age-matched healthy controls.

Protective effects of a calcium channel blocker on apoptosis in thymus of neonatal STZ-diabetic rats.

Streptozotocin (STZ) is known to induce insulin-dependent diabetes in experimental animals. In STZ-induced diabetes, atrophy of the thymus is caused by elevated intracellular calcium levels leading to apoptosis. Hyperglycemia is known to result in a decrease in numbers of T cells in the thymus and circulation.

[The effects of phase II cardiac rehabilitation programme on patients undergone coronary bypass surgery].

Objective: To investigate the effects of phase II cardiac rehabilitation in 52 patients undergone coronary artery bypass surgery.

Methods: Gradual walking tests, cardio-pulmonary capacity tests and lipid profile were administered to patients selected for phase II cardiac rehabilitation before and after the programme. Training was started on 12-channel electrocardiogram controlled running bands 3 times a week for 20 min periods for 12 weeks fitting the programme.

DNA polymorphism of Pvu II site in the lipoprotein lipase gene in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

We studied the effect of variation at the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene locus on the susceptibility of individuals with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in a population of 110 NIDDM patients and 91 controls. Our objective was to study the relationship between the LPL-Pvu II polymorphism and NIDDM and lipid metabolism. PCR-RFLP was used to determine the DNA polymorphism of the sixth intron of the LPL gene.

Vitamin D receptor alleles, bone mineral density and turnover in postmenopausal osteoporotic and healthy women.

Objective: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and bone metabolic markers were investigated as potential genetic markers for osteoporosis in postmenopausal Turkish women. The relationship between their VDR gene polymorphisms and bone states was determined.

Materials And Methods: Restriction fragment length polymorphisms at the VDR gene locus (i.

Lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphism and lipid profile in coronary artery disease.

Context: Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a central role in lipid metabolism, hydrolyzing triglyceride in chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins. The PvuII polymorphic variant of LPL gene is common and might affect risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Objective: Our aim was to determine whether LPL- PvuII polymorphism can be considered to be an independent risk factor or a predictor for CAD in Turkish subjects.

Lack of association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism (BsmI) and osteomalacia.

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism has been reported to be a determinant of bone formation and intestinal calcium absorption. We carried out this study to assess the role of VDR gene polymorphism in the pathogenesis of osteomalacia. We investigated BsmI polymorphisms in the gene encoding the 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D receptor in 38 patients with osteomalacia and 31 healthy controls, along with examination of serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, and 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Thiols, malonaldehyde and total antioxidant status in the Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Non-insulin dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Oxidative stress mechanisms are often reported to be implied in type 2 diabetes mellitus. In order to determine their clinical relevance, we investigated several plasma indicators in the Turkish patients with NIDDM: (i) homocysteine (Hcy) and cysteine (Cys) which contribute to increase the risk of atherosclerosis during NIDDM, (ii) glutathione (GSH) and cysteinylglycine (CysGly) resulting from GSH degradation catalyzed by gamma-glutamylcysteine transferase (GGT), (iii) malonaldehyde (MDA) as a marker for lipid peroxidation, and (iv) total antioxidant status (TAS).

Effect of abdominal obesity on insulin resistance and the components of the metabolic syndrome: evidence supporting obesity as the central feature.

Background: Metabolic syndrome includes abdominal obesity, diabetes type 2, hypertension, dyslipidemia, derangements of fibrinolysis, and atherosclerosis. Since abdominal obesity is one of the major components of the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS), an attempt was made to evaluate the interrelationships between the magnitude of obesity and the components of the syndrome.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 123 subjects with type 2 diabetes, of whom 31 were normal body weight and 92 had varying degrees of obesity was conducted.