Application of Integrated Optical Density in Evaluating Insulin Expression in the Endocrine Pancreas During Chronic Ethanol Exposure and β-Carotene Supplementation: A Novel Approach Utilizing Artificial Intelligence.

Background: β-carotene is an essential antioxidant, providing protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular illnesses, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. This study investigates the impact of β-carotene on biochemical parameters and pancreatic insulin expression in mice exposed to ethanol.

Methods: Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice () were divided into six groups: 1.

Alterations of Liver Morphology in Senescent Rats.

Age-related liver changes can have important implications for health and metabolic function. This study aimed to describe the morphoquantitative alterations of the liver in senescent rats compared to adult rats. Twelve male rats were used, divided into 6-month-old adults (group A) and 36-month-old senescent rats (group S).

Propolis as a Potential Therapeutic Agent to Counteract Age-Related Changes in Cartilage: An In Vivo Study.

Aging is intricately linked to chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which plays a significant role in various age-related conditions, including osteoarthritis (OA). The aging process significantly influences the development of OA due to alterations in cartilage composition, reduced proteoglycan content, dysregulation of growth factor signaling, and heightened oxidative stress. Propolis, a natural product renowned for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has the potential to mitigate age-induced changes in cartilage.

Comparison of Four Treatment Protocols with Intra-Articular Medium Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid in Induced Temporomandibular Osteoarthritis: An Experimental Study.

The aim was to compare the effect between a single intra-articular infiltration (1i) and two infiltrations (2i) of medium molecular weight hyaluronic acid (MMW-HA) of high viscosity (HV) and low viscosity (LV) on the histopathological characteristics of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) induced in rabbits. An experimental study was conducted on rabbits, including 42 TMJs, distributed between (1) TMJ-C, control group; (2) TMJ-OA, group with OA; (3) TMJ-OA-wt, group with untreated OA; (4) group treated with HA-HV-1i; (5) group treated with HA-HV-2i; (6) group treated with HA-LV-1i; and (7) group treated with HA-LV-2i. The results were evaluated using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scale and descriptive histology considering the mandibular condyle (MC), the articular disc (AD), and the mandibular fossa (MF).

Antibacterial and wound-healing action of Ulmo honey () of differing degrees of purity.

Introduction: Antibacterial properties of honey vary according to its floral origin; few studies report the percentage of pollen types in honey, making it difficult to reproduce and compare the results. This study compares the antibacterial and wound-healing properties of three kinds of monofloral Ulmo honey with different percentages of pollen from .

Methods: The pollen percentage of the honey was determined by melissopalynological analysis, and they were classified into three groups: M1 (52.

Histological changes in lingual striated muscle tissue of human cadavers to estimate the postmortem interval.

Although there are physiological methods to determine the postmortem interval (PMI), interval forensic histopathology can be applied to obtain accuracy. The aim was to describe the histological changes in human lingual striated musculature at different PMI. Seven groups were formed according to increasing PMI of 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h postmortem (PM).

Central nervous system development in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L. 1758).

The present study describes the embryonic and fetal development of the central nervous system in rabbits from the seventh day after conception until the end of the full-term fetal period. A total of 19 embryonic and fetal samples were carefully dissected and microscopically analyzed. Neural tube closure was observed between 7.

Effects of low and high molecular weight hyaluronic acid on the osteoarthritic temporomandibular joint in rabbit.

Objective: To compare the effect between intra-articular infiltration of low molecular weight (LMW-HA) and high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) on the histopathological characteristics of the cartilage and disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) induced in rabbits.

Material And Methods: An experimental study was conducted on 38 rabbit TMJs. The effect of different hyaluronic acids was compared at 30 and 135 days.

Histological Evaluation and Gene Expression Profiling of Autophagy-Related Genes for Cartilage of Young and Senescent Rats.

Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that protects cells from stress by digesting non-functional cellular components. In the cartilage, chondrocytes depend on autophagy as a principal mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis. This protective role diminishes prior to the structural damage that normally occurs during aging.

Morphoquantitative effects of oral β-carotene supplementation on liver of C57BL/6 mice exposed to ethanol consumption.

Alcohol is harmful to the body, causing hepatic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The effects of alcohol on the liver can be offset using natural antioxidants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the administration of oral β-carotene on the morphoquantitative characteristics of mice livers exposed to ethanol consumption.

Histological Analysis of Bone Repair in Mandibular Body Osteotomy Using Internal Fixation System in Three Different Gaps without Bone Graft in an Animal Model.

The aim was to analyze histologically the bone repair in a mandibular osteotomy model with different gaps between the segments. Nine male rabbits who underwent osteotomies on the mandibular body were fixed with a 1.5 system plate and no bone graft; group 1 (2 mm gap between segments), group 2 (5 mm gap between segments), and group 3 (8 mm gap between segments) were included.

Development of an ultrathin sheet plastination technique in rat humeral joints with osteoarthritis induced by monosodium iodoacetate for neovascularization study.

Injection with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) is widely used to produce osteoarthritis (OA). Ultrathin sheet plastination has been used to study the morphology of structures, with strong application in anatomical education and research. Our aim was to carry out, for the first time, ultrathin sheet plastination of rat humeral joints to observe the neovascularization provoked by OA.

Morphoquantitative analysis of the Ileum of C57BL/6 mice (Mus musculus) fed with a high-fat diet.

Due to the increase in overweight and obesity in humans, various studies have been conducted in recent years that demonstrate the detrimental effects on tissues and organs. The aim of this study was to assess the morphoquantitative changes produced in the ileum of mice, associated with high-fat diets. Fourteen male C57BL/6 mice, 5 months old, were fed two types of diets for 14 weeks.

Effects of early and late adverse experiences on morpho-quantitative characteristics of Sprague-Dawley rat spleen subjected to stress during adulthood.

Morpho-quantitative studies of the spleen indicate that the proportions of the compartments and sub-compartments are stable in normal conditions. However, disorders due to stress can influence the number and function of the immune cells in this organ. The aim of this study was to determine, through the model of altering the early mother-infant bond and altering the late social bond through isolation, the effect on the morpho-quantitative characteristics of the spleen in adult Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to intermittent chronic stress in adulthood.

Alveolar Ridge Conservation by Early Bone Formation After Tooth Extraction in Rabbits. A Histomorphological Study.

Alveolar ridge volume loss is an irreversible process. To prevent this physiological event, which typically result in significant local anatomical changes in both the horizontal and the vertical dimension, some strategies are indicated to minimize the loss of ridge volume that typically follows tooth extraction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if three different bone grafts could promote new bone formation in the alveolar socket following tooth extraction for the alveolar ridge conservation.

TMJ in facial class III deformity. Condylar morphology relations.

Class III dentofacial deformities (DF-III) are classified as a severe functional and esthetic anomaly. This work aims to describe the condylar morphology of subjects with DF-III and indication of correction through orthognatic surgery. A descriptive study was designed in the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Universidad de La Frontera, Chile, where 14 patients were examined with conventional cephalometric studies to determine the surgical indication; then, cone beam CT images were recorded for the morphometric analyses on the coronal and axial slices, considering linear measurements in the middle, basal and anteroposterior areas.

TMJ in facial class III deformity. Condyle/fossa relations.

The aim of this study was to ascertain the joint space present in the TMJ of subjects diagnosed with Class III dentofacial deformity with an indication for orthognathic surgery. Fourteen subjects were recruited from the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Universidad de La Frontera, Chile. All subjects were admitted to the study after signing an informed consent and undergoing cephalometric analyses to define the severity of the deformity.

Effects of early and late adverse experiences on morphological characteristics of Sprague-Dawley rat liver subjected to stress during adulthood.

The literature indicates that early rupture of the maternal bond and social isolation are variables involved in social and emotional behaviors and in increase in anxiety, particularly in stressful situations. The liver plays a role in the adaptation to stress, yet the possible morphologic changes that its structure can suffer have been studied very little. Therefore, the aim here was to ascertain, through the model of altering the early mother-infant bond and the late social bond through isolation, the effect on the stereologic characteristics of the liver in adult Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to intermittent chronic stress.

Effect of pulsed and continuous therapeutic ultrasound on healthy skeletal muscle in rats.

Ultrasound therapy is used to treat injuries in joints, nerves and tendons. Part of the radiation generated is absorbed by nearby undamaged tissues, such as muscles. The aim was to evaluate histomorphological changes in the healthy gastrocnemius muscle in rats irradiated with continuous ultrasound (CUS) and pulsed ultrasound (PUS).

New bone formation in a bone defect associated to dental implant using absorbable or non-absorbable membrane in a dog model.

The aim of this research was to determine the bone formation capacity in fenestration defects associated with dental implants using absorbable and non-absorbable membranes. Six dogs were used in the study. In both tibias of each animal 3 implants were installed, and around these 5 mm circular defects were created.

Histometric analyses of cancellous and cortical interface in autogenous bone grafting.

Surgical procedures involving the rehabilitation of the maxillofacial region frequently require bone grafts; the aim of this research was to evaluate the interface between recipient and graft with cortical or cancellous contact. 6 adult beagle dogs with 15 kg weight were included in the study. Under general anesthesia, an 8 mm diameter block was obtained from parietal bone of each animal and was put on the frontal bone with a 12 mm 1.