Chitosan versus Carboxymethyl Chitosan Cryogels: Bacterial Colonization, Human Embryonic Kidney 293T Cell Culturing and Co-Culturing.

The potential of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) cryogels cross-linked with diglycidyl ether of 1,4-butandiol (BDDGE) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGDGE) have been compared in terms of 3D culturing HEK-293T cell line and preventing the bacterial colonization of the scaffolds. The first attempts to apply cryogels for the 3D co-culturing of bacteria and human cells have been undertaken toward the development of new models of host-pathogen interactions and bioimplant-associated infections. Using a combination of scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and flow cytometry, we have demonstrated that CMC cryogels provided microenvironment stimulating cell-cell interactions and the growth of tightly packed multicellular spheroids, while cell-substrate interactions dominated in both chitosan cryogels, despite a significant difference in swelling capacities and Young's modulus of BDDGE- and PEGDGE-cross-linked scaffolds.

Biogenic synthesis of selenium and tellurium nanoparticles by marine bacteria and their biological activity.

Selenium (SeNPs) and tellurium nanoparticles (TeNPs) were synthesized by green technology using the three new bacterial marine isolates (strains PL 2476, AF 2469 and G 2451). Isolates were classified as Pseudoalteromonas shioyasakiensis according to 16S rRNA sequence analysis, morphological characteristics, and biochemical reactions. The bioreduction processes of isolates were studied in comparison with the previously described Alteromonas macleodii (strain 2328).

Identification and analysis of the biological activity of the new strain of Pseudoalteromonas piscicida isolated from the hemal fluid of the bivalve Modiolus kurilensis (F. R. Bernard, 1983).

A cultivated form of bacteria (strain 2202) was isolated from the hemal fluid of the bivalve mollusk Modiolus kurilensis. Based on the set of data collected by genetic and physiological/biochemical analyses, the strain was identified as the species Pseudoalteromonas piscicida. Strain 2202 exhibits antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Bacillus subtilis but not against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The tellurite-reducing bacterium from a culture of the toxic dinoflagellate .

The strain 2328 was isolated from a clonal culture of the toxic dinoflagellate . The strain exhibits a resistance to high KTeO concentrations (2500 μg/mL). A study of the growth dynamics of the strain exposed to KTeO has shown a longer lag phase and a reduced stationary phase compared to those during cultivation with no toxicant.

[Characterization, identification, and screening for tetrodotoxin production by bacteria associated with the Cephalotrix simula (Ivata, 1952) proboscis worm].

The taxonomic composition of bacteria associated with the Cephalotrix simula proboscis worm was studied and screening of the tetrodotoxin (TTX)-producing bacteria was carried out using confocal laser scanning microscopy and polyclonal antibodies. Bacterial isolates were identified using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic characteristics. A Bacillus species was found to be responsible for tetrodotoxin production in C.

Assessment of the toxic effect exerted by fluorescent pseudomonads on embryos and larvae of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus.

Strains of bacteria capable of growing on artificial culture media were isolated from the fouling of brass plates submerged in Nha Trang Bay, South China Sea, and from tissues of the seastar Distolasterias nipon, caught in Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. According to the complex of data of genetic and physiological/biochemical analyzes, two strains of cultivated bacteria were identified by us as the species Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two strains as Pseudomonas fluorescens, and one strain as Ruegeria sp. It was shown that the cultivated strains of P.

Tetrodotoxin-producing Bacillus sp. from the ribbon worm (Nemertea) Cephalothrix simula (Iwata, 1952).

Specimens of the toxic ribbon worm Cephalothrix simula from the Sea of Japan were screened for tetrodotoxin-producing bacteria. A single TTX-producing bacterial strain (No 1839) was isolated from tissues of C. simula and studied by immunohistochemical methods (including immunoelectron and immunofluorescent microscopies) with anti-TTX antibodies.

Incidence and characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes from the Japan and South China seas.

The distribution of Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes in the sea water and marine organisms of Peter the Great and Nha Trang bays, the phenotypic properties and antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates were studied. S. aureus was recorded from 9.

Biochemical and pathogenic properties of the natural isolate of Shewanella algae from Peter the great bay, sea of Japan.

Pathogenic properties of the natural isolate of Shewanella algae from the coelomic fluid of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan) were investigated. The isolate had oxydative metabolism, was positive for ornithine decarboxylase, cytochrome oxidase, catalase, DNase and gelatinase, hemolytically active, did not produce acid from carbohydrates, and did not hydrolyze urea and esculin. The strain was resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, and ampicillin and susceptible to tetracycline and carbenicillin.

[Distribution and characteristics of Bacillus bacteria associated with hydrobionts and the waters of the Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan].

Bacilli of the species Bacillus subtilis, B. pumilus, B. mycoides, B.

[Taxonomic composition of bacteria associated with cultivated mollusks Crassostrea lugubris and Perna viridis and with the water of the Gulf of Nha Trang Lagoon, Vietnam].

One hundred and four strains of heterotrophic bacteria have been isolated and characterized from two species of bivalve mollusks cultivated in the Gulf of Nha Trang (Vietnam) and from the water of a mariculture farm. The isolates have been identified on the basis of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and chemotaxonomic properties, as well as by the content of G+C bases in DNA. In the microflora of mollusks, Vibrio alginolyticus was predominant; the pathogenic species V.

Fulvivirga kasyanovii gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from seawater in a mussel farm.

A novel, strictly aerobic, heterotrophic, gliding, Gram-negative, oxidase-, catalase-, beta-galactosidase- and alkaline phosphatase-positive marine bacterium, designated strain KMM 6220(T), was isolated from seawater and studied by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The DNA G+C content of strain KMM 6220(T) was 59.9 mol%.

Echinicola vietnamensis sp. nov., a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes isolated from seawater.

The taxonomic position of a novel marine, heterotrophic, gliding, halotolerant and light-pink-pigmented bacterium, designated strain KMM 6221(T), was examined by using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain KMM 6221(T) is affiliated with the genus Echinicola, a member of the phylum Bacteroidetes, with levels of similarity of 94.7-95.

[Bacterial communities of brown and red algae from Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan].

The structure of microbial communities of brown algae, red algae, and of the red alga Gracilaria verrucosa, healthy and affected with rotten thallus, were comparatively investigated; 61 strains of heterotrophic bacteria were isolated and characterized. Most of them were identified to the genus level, some Vibrio spp., to the species level according to their phenotypic properties and the fatty acid composition of cellular lipids.

[Characterization of communities of heterotrophic bacteria associated with healthy and diseased corals in Nha Trang Bay (Vietnam)].

A comparative investigation of the heterotrophic microflora of 11 species of healthy corals and of white-band-diseased and yellow-band-diseased corals inhabiting the reefs of Nha Trang Bay (Vietnam), which has been exposed to anthropogenic impact, was performed. Fifty-nine strains of heterotrophic bacteria isolated on Y/K and Endo media were investigated and characterized. All the isolates were identified at the genus level by consideration of the results of analysis of their phenotypic properties, determination of the molar percent of G+C bases in their DNA, and the composition of fatty acids of their lipids.

[Hydrolytic activity of marine bacteria associated with the mussel Mytilus trossulus].

The ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes--DNAses, RNAses, alkaline phosphatases, chitinases has been studied in 316 strains of bacteria isolated from mussel Mytilus trossulus. Strains of Vibrio spp. produced all the spectrum of examined enzymes, bacteria of Pseudoalteromonas genus produced alkaline phosphatase and DNAse.

[Spread of bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter in the hydrobios of the Bay of Peter the Great, the Sea of Japan].

The analysis of the spread of bacteria of the genus Acinetobacter among the invertebrate animals of the Bay of Peter the Great (the Sea of Japan): in bivalved mollusks, sea cucumbers and sea urchins Acinetobacter bacteria were detected more often than in cushion stars and crustaceous animals. The biological properties of 45 isolated bacteria were studied with the use of a wide variety of tests. The study revealed that 9% of Acinetobacter cultures isolated from marine animals had pronounced beta-hemolysis.

[Comparative study of microbial communities from cultured and natural population of the mussel Mytilus trossulus in Peter the Great bay].

The 525 strains of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from natural and cultured populations of the mussel Mytilus trossulus and the surrounding seawater were identified to a genus level on the basis of phenotypic analysis and the fatty acid composition of cell lipids. Gram-negative isolates were dominated by six genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae and by the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, Photobacterium, Cytophaga/Flavobacterium/Bacteroides, Pseudomonas, and Moraxella, Gram-positive isolates were mainly represented by the genus Streptomyces. The taxonomic compositions of natural and cultured populations of the mussel M.

[Opportunistic bacteria detected in cultivated mussels].

As many as 8 Listeria monocytogenes strains, 12 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and 5 Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated from mussels Mytilus edulis, grown on special installations in the Trinity Bay of the Gulf of Peter the Great, the Sea of Japan. The isolated cultures proved to be highly resistant to a number of antibiotics. Many strains displayed DNAase and haemolytic activity.

[The ecological aspects of listeriosis in the Maritime Territory].

In the process of batch cultivation the strains under study are capable of prolonged growth at low temperature in rich and poor nutrient media (with the term of observation equal to 4 months), while at a temperature of 37 degrees C microbial populations quickly die (in 8-35 days). In the absence of compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen in the nutrient medium, Listeria can proliferate under such conditions. As established with the use of gas chromatography and the radioisotopic method, they can uptake carbon dioxide, hydrogen and nitrogen from the air gas mixture, using carbon of the first gas for the synthesis of the main biopolymers (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA and RNA) and the second one as the source of energy.