Unperceived intimate partner violence and women's health.

Objective: Women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) often do not perceive themselves as abused. This study sought to estimate the health effects of unperceived IPV (uIPV), taking violence-free women as the reference, and to compare the effects of uIPV with those of perceived IPV (pIPV).

Method: We performed a cross-sectional population study through telephone interviews of 2835 women aged 18 to 70 years living in the region of Madrid and having an ongoing intimate partner relationship or contact with a former partner in the preceding year.

[Cardiovascular risk factors in Spain in the first decade of the 21st Century, a pooled analysis with individual data from 11 population-based studies: the DARIOS study].

Introduction And Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in individuals aged 35-74 years in 10 of Spain's autonomous communities and determine the geographic variation of cardiovascular risk factors distribution.

Methods: Pooled analysis with individual data from 11 studies conducted in the first decade of the 21st century. The average response rate was 73%.

Leisure-time physical activity in a southern European mediterranean country: adherence to recommendations and determining factors.

Introduction And Objectives: To determine whether adults in Madrid, Spain adhere to leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) recommendations and to identify factors associated with adherence.

Methods: A telephone survey of 12,037 individuals, representative of the Madrid population aged 18-64 years, was conducted. The LTPA level was quantified in metabolic equivalent (MET) hours per week from answers to a questionnaire on the frequency and duration of LTPA.

Intimate partner violence: last year prevalence and association with socio-economic factors among women in Madrid, Spain.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem with significant consequences on women's health. This study estimates the prevalence of intimate partner violence by type among Madrid's female population and assesses the association with socio-economic variables.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2004, 2136 women aged 18-70 years, living in the Madrid region with a partner or who had been in contact with an ex-partner in the previous year, were interviewed by telephone.

A sampling design for a sentinel general practitioner network.

Objective: To construct a design for probabilistic sampling of reporting physicians in sentinel networks.

Methods: We performed a multi-stage sample selection study. Data on primary care physicians and their patients were obtained from the Madrid Health Institute for 2005.

Impact of the "Tobacco control law" on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in Spain.

Background: The initial evaluations of the introduction of legislation that regulates smoking in enclosed public places in European countries, describe an important effect in the control of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. However, the evidence is still limited. The objective of this study is to estimate the short-term effects of the comprehensive "Tobacco control law" introduced in Spain on January 2006, which includes a total ban of smoking in workplaces and a partial limitation of smoking in bars and restaurants.

Clustering of behavioural risk factors and compliance with clinical preventive recommendations in Spain.

Objective: To examine the relationship between the clustering of behavioural risk factors and compliance with clinical preventive practices.

Method: Cross-sectional study using a telephone interview of a sample of 16043 persons, representative of the population aged 18-64 years in the Madrid Region (Spain). The criteria for providing clinical preventive services were based on recommendations issued by the Spanish Society for Family and Community Medicine.

Clustering of behavior-related risk factors and its association with subjective health.

Objectives: To describe the clustering of behavior-related risk factors in the adult population of the Autonomous Community of Madrid (Spain) and evaluate the association between the level of aggregation of these factors and suboptimal subjective health.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Non-communicable Disease Risk-Factor Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo asociados a Enfermedades No Transmisibles [SIVFRENT]). We studied the associations between smoking, high-risk alcohol consumption, leisure-time sedentariness and unbalanced diet in 16,043 persons aged 18-64 years and compared the observed against the expected proportions.

[Risk factors surveillance for non-communicable disease through telephone survey. Results in the Autonomous Community of Madrid from 1995-2003].

Objective: To illustrate -for the first time with Spanish data- the usefulness of telephone-interview-based surveillance of non-communicable diseases risk factors for the purpose of drawing up public health policies.

Methods: We analysed information from the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo asociados a Enfermedades No Transmisibles- SIVFRENT) for the period 1995-2003. This system is based on monthly telephone interviews covering a representative population sample, aged 18-64 years.

[Telephone versus face-to-face household interviews in the assessment of health behaviors and preventive practices].

Objective: This study examines the influence of the interview method (telephone or face-to-face in households) on the assessment of health behaviors and preventive practices.

Material And Method: The same questionnaire was completed by two independent samples of the population aged 18-64 years living in the municipality of Madrid. One sample (n = 1,391 subjects) completed the questionnaire by telephone interview and the other (n = 739) by face-to-face interview in households.