Social health, activity behaviors, and quality of life among young adult cancer survivors: Protocol for a prospective observational study.

Approximately 85,000 adolescent and young adults (AYAs; age 15-39) are diagnosed with cancer in the United States annually. Experiencing a cancer diagnosis as an AYA can substantially impact social connections and social health. This paper describes the design and protocol of an observational study to prospectively assess social health and its association with physical activity and quality of life among AYAs after a cancer diagnosis.

Perceived stress and associations between physical activity, sedentary time, and interstitial glucose in healthy adolescents.

Background: Less moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), more sedentary time (ST), and higher perceived stress are related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) occurrence, but observational evidence addressing the interaction of these factors is lacking in youth. This pilot study investigated momentary stress as a moderator in the acute associations of MVPA and ST with subsequent glucose in healthy adolescents.

Methods: Participants (N=15, Mage=13.

Long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's physical activity and sedentary behavior.

Background: During the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, decreases in physical activity (PA) and increases in sedentary behavior (SB) were reported among children in the United States (U.S.).

The zebrafish paralog six2b is required for early proximal pronephros morphogenesis.

The transcription factor Six2 plays a crucial role in maintaining self-renewing nephron progenitor cap mesenchyme (CM) during metanephric kidney development. In mouse and human, expression at single-cell resolution has detected Six2 in cells as they leave the CM pool and differentiate. The role Six2 may play in these cells as they differentiate remains unknown.

Associations of DHEA(S) with negative and positive affect in people who smoke daily with elevated and low depression symptoms: A pilot laboratory study.

Background: Individuals with depression symptoms have a harder time quitting smoking. High negative affect and low positive affect are core depression symptoms and arise following cigarette abstinence. Investigating associations of biological markers with negative and positive affect may provide valuable information about factors relevant to smoking cessation in individuals with elevated depression symptoms.

Chemoproteomic Profiling Reveals that Anticancer Natural Product Dankastatin B Covalently Targets Mitochondrial VDAC3.

Chlorinated gymnastatin and dankastatin alkaloids derived from the fungal strain Gymnascella dankaliensis have been reported to possess significant anticancer activity but their mode of action is unknown. These members possess electrophilic functional groups that can might undergo covalent bond formation with specific proteins to exert their biological activity. To better understand the mechanism of action of this class of natural products, we mapped the proteome-wide cysteine reactivity of the most potent of these alkaloids, dankastatin B, by using activity-based protein profiling chemoproteomic approaches.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy and exercise training in adolescent females with elevated depression symptoms and at-risk for type 2 diabetes: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Adolescent-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health concern of growing proportions. Prevention, therefore, is critical. Unfortunately, standard-of-care treatment for T2D prevention (e.

Chemoproteomic Profiling Reveals that Anti-Cancer Natural Product Dankastatin B Covalently Targets Mitochondrial VDAC3.

Chlorinated gymnastatin and dankastatin alkaloids derived from the fungal strain have been reported to possess significant anti-cancer activity but their mode of action is unknown. These members possess electrophilic functional groups that may undergo covalent bond formation with specific proteins to exert their biological activity. To better understand the mechanism of action of this class of natural products, we mapped the proteome-wide cysteine-reactivity of the most potent of these alkaloids, dankastatin B, using activitybased protein profiling chemoproteomic approaches.

Effects of interrupting daily sedentary behavior on children's glucose metabolism: A 6-day randomized controlled trial.

Background: Metabolic disease risk in youth is influenced by sedentary behaviors. Acute in-lab studies show that, during a single day, interrupting a sedentary period with short bouts of physical activity improves glucometabolic outcomes.

Objective: To determine if acutely improved glucose metabolism persists after multi-day interruptions of sitting with walking brief bouts.

Associations between Amount of Recess, Physical Activity, and Cardiometabolic Traits in U.S. Children.

Introduction/purpose: In the United States, it is recommended that schools provide at least 20 minutes of daily recess, but the optimal amount for health benefits is unknown. We examined associations between amount of recess and health indicators using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (NHANES; 2013-2016).

Methods: For this cross-sectional analysis, parents/guardians of 6-11 year olds (n=738) reported recess provision which was classified as low (22.

Maternal high-fat diet modifies epigenetic marks H3K27me3 and H3K27ac in bone to regulate offspring osteoblastogenesis in mice.

Studies from both humans and animal models indicated that maternal chronic poor-quality diet, especially a high fat diet (HFD), is significantly associated with reduced bone density and childhood fractures in offspring. When previously studied in a rat model, our data suggested that maternal HFD changes epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation and histone modifications to control osteoblast metabolism. In mouse embryonic and postnatal offspring bone samples, a ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-Seq)-based genome-wide method was used to locate the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 (mediated via the polycomb histone methyltransferase, ) and expressive histone mark H3K27ac ( mediated) throughout the genome.

Associations of Maternal and Paternal Parenting Practices With Children's Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Physical Activity: Preliminary Findings From an Ecological Momentary Study.

Background: Childhood obesity prevention interventions routinely focus on changing maternal parenting practices. Failure to assess how fathers' weight-related (ie, diet and physical activity) parenting practices contribute to children's energy balance behaviors limits the understanding of their paternal role within the family. Examining the independent and interacting effects of fathers' and mothers' weight-related parenting practices on children's diet and physical activity addresses this important research gap.

Interventions to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Cancer Patients and Survivors: a Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: Sedentary behaviors (SB) after cancer diagnosis are associated with poor prognosis for certain cancers, and cancer patients and survivors report high levels of SB. Reducing SB may be a feasible and effective intervention strategy to improve outcomes. This systematic review aims to identify and evaluate the literature on interventions to reduce SB in cancer patients and survivors.

Day-level associations of physical activity and sedentary time in mother-child dyads across three years: a multi-wave longitudinal study using accelerometers.

Understanding associations between mothers' and children's physical activity and sedentary behavior on more fine-grained timescales can provide insights into real-time intervention opportunities. This study examined the extent to which mothers' and their children's device-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (SDT) were associated at the day level during non-school time. Mother-child dyads (N = 193; baseline Mean ages = 40.

Understanding daily life experiences of women who smoke: The role of smoking-related weight control expectancies.

Smoking-related weight control expectancies are a motivational factor for maintaining cigarette use, particularly among women. Yet, less research has investigated the physiological and behavioral daily life weight-related experiences of women with smoking-related weight control expectancies. Increased research could contribute to understanding of maintenance factors for this group of smokers as well as unique intervention targets.

Time-Varying Associations Between Device-Based and Ecological Momentary Assessment-Reported Sedentary Behaviors and the Concurrent Affective States Among Adolescents: Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: Previous studies on affective state-sedentary behavior (SB) associations have not accounted for their potentially time-varying nature and have used inconsistent SB measurement modalities. We investigated whether the strength of the associations between affective states and SB varied as a function of the time of day and by SB measurement modality (device-measured SB vs ecological momentary assessment-reported screen-based SB) in youth.

Objective: This study aimed to establish a proof of concept that SB-affective state associations may not be static during the day.

Photo-Brook rearrangement of acyl silanes as a strategy for photoaffinity probe design.

Photoaffinity labeling (PAL) is a powerful tool for the identification of non-covalent small molecule-protein interactions that are critical to drug discovery and medicinal chemistry, but this approach is limited to only a small subset of robust photocrosslinkers. The identification of new photoreactive motifs capable of covalent target capture is therefore highly desirable. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a new class of PAL warheads based on the UV-triggered 1,2-photo-Brook rearrangement of acyl silanes, which hitherto have not been explored for PAL workflows.

Momentary intentions and perceived behavioral control are within-person predictors of sedentary leisure time: preliminary findings from an ecological momentary assessment study in adolescents.

Previous studies among adolescents conceptualize behavioral cognitions [e.g., intentions and perceived behavioral control (PBC)] as stable trait-like factors despite evidence suggesting they vary momentarily.

Deubiquitinase-targeting chimeras for targeted protein stabilization.

Many diseases are driven by proteins that are aberrantly ubiquitinated and degraded. These diseases would be therapeutically benefited by targeted protein stabilization (TPS). Here we present deubiquitinase-targeting chimeras (DUBTACs), heterobifunctional small molecules consisting of a deubiquitinase recruiter linked to a protein-targeting ligand, to stabilize the levels of specific proteins degraded in a ubiquitin-dependent manner.

The Acute Relationship between Affective States and Stress Biomarkers in Ethnic Minority Youths.

: Whether affective states acutely predict the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activities and whether energy balance-related behaviors moderate the affect-HPA axis relationship in obese youths are not well-understood. : 87 mostly obese (94.3% obese) minority adolescents (mean: 16.

The SIX Family of Transcription Factors: Common Themes Integrating Developmental and Cancer Biology.

The (SIX) family of transcription factors are key regulators of developmental processes during embryogenesis. Members of this family control gene expression to promote self-renewal of progenitor cell populations and govern mechanisms of cell differentiation. When the function of genes becomes disrupted, distinct congenital defects develops both in animal models and humans.