Biointerface engineering of flexible and wearable electronics.

Biointerface sensing is a cutting-edge interdisciplinary field that merges conceptual and practical aspects. Wearable bioelectronics enable efficient interaction and close contact with biological components such as tissues and organs, paving the way for a wide range of medical applications, including personal health monitoring and medical intervention. To be applicable in real-world settings, the patches must be stable and adhere to the skin without causing discomfort or allergies in both wet and dry conditions, as well as other desirable features such as being ultra-soft, thin, flexible, and stretchable.

Burden of undernutrition and its associated factors among children aged 6-59 months: findings from 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey (EDHS) data.

Background: Despite numerous government nutrition-specific and sensitive interventions, undernutrition (e.g., underweight) remains the major public health concern among under-five-year-old children in Ethiopia.

Photophysical Properties, Fluorescence Quenching of Metformin Hydrochloride by Caffeine, and its Docking with the AMP-activated protein kinase receptor.

In this research, the photophysical properties of metformin hydrochloride (MF-HCl) were studied using spectroscopic and molecular docking techniques. The interaction between metformin hydrochloride and caffeine is essential for understanding the pharmacokinetics of metformin, particularly in populations with high caffeine consumption. Metformin is a first-line medication for managing type 2 diabetes, while caffeine is a widely consumed dietary stimulant.

Work-related temporary hearing loss and associated factors among textile industry workers in Amhara region, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study was designed to assess occupational noise exposure levels, prevalence of temporary hearing loss and associated factors among textile industry workers in Amhara region, Ethiopia.

Design: An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted between June and July 2022. Participants were selected via a simple random sampling technique.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of supra-molecular aggregate of 2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-piperidin-1-ium bromide with 1,2,3,4-tetra-fluoro-5,6-di-iodo-benzene.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, CHN·Br·CFI, contains one 2,2,6,6 tetra-methyl-piperidine-1-ium cation, one 1,2,3,4-tetra-fluoro-5,6-di-iodo-benzene mol-ecule, and one uncoordinated bromide anion. In the crystal, the bromide anions link the 2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-piperidine mol-ecules by inter-molecular C-H⋯Br and N-H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, leading to dimers, with the coplanar 1,2,3,4-tetra-fluoro-5,6-di-iodo-benzene mol-ecules filling the space between them. There is a π-π interaction between the almost parallel benzene rings [dihedral angle = 10.

Prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among rural reproductive age women in Ethiopia.

Despite growing utilization of family planning in Ethiopia, many pregnancies in rural areas are still unintended and unintended pregnancy remains a major global challenge in public and reproductive health, with devastating impact on women and child health, and the general public. Hence, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy in rural women of Ethiopia. This study used a 2016 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey data.

Prevalence and factors associated with TB among presumptive TB patients in war-affected areas of North Wollo, Ethiopia.

Background: TB is a leading infectious disease globally, with war and displacement significantly increasing its burden. In Ethiopia, ongoing conflict and displacement have worsened health conditions, yet data on TB prevalence and resistance remain scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TB, rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB), and associated factors among presumptive TB patients in hospitals during the ongoing crisis.

Magnitude, determinants, and adverse outcomes of unintended pregnancy among pregnant mothers in low- and middle-income countries: An umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To date, findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on unintended pregnancies in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are inconsistent, posing challenges for preventive efforts. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the magnitude, determinants, and adverse outcomes of unintended pregnancy among pregnant mothers in LMICs: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, as well as databases specific to systematic reviews, such as the Cochrane Database, have investigated the magnitude, risk factors, and adverse outcomes of unintended pregnancy in LMICs.

Correction: Prevalence and risk factors associated with rural women's protected against tetanus in East Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys of ten East African countries.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Magnitude, determinants, and complications of short inter pregnancy intervals among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Maternal and child mortality remains a major public health concern in Ethiopia. Improving the practice of short inter-pregnancy intervals is a key strategy to reduce neonatal and maternal mortality. Several primary studies conducted in Ethiopia have revealed the practice short inter-pregnancy interval.

Supporting African communities to increase resilience and mental health of kids with developmental disabilities and their caregivers using the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training Programme (SPARK trial): study protocol for a cluster randomised clinical controlled trial.

Background: Most children with developmental disabilities (DD) live in low- and middle-income countries, but access to services is limited, impacting their ability to thrive. Pilot study findings of the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training (WHO CST) intervention, which equips caregivers with strategies to facilitate learning and adaptive behaviours in children with DD, are promising but evidence from an appropriately powered trial delivered by non-specialist facilitators is lacking. This study will investigate the effectiveness and the resource impacts and costs and consequences of the WHO CST intervention in four sites in rural and urban Kenya and Ethiopia.

Serum Lipid Profile and Electrolytes Reference Intervals for Apparently Healthy Children and Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Accurate reference intervals generated from an apparently healthy population and stratified by crucial variables such as age and gender are required to guarantee appropriate interpretation of test results. Since there were no local reference intervals in the study area, the present study aimed to establish reference intervals on serum lipid profiles and electrolytes for children and adolescents in Addis Ababa.

Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to October 2019.

Evaluation of the prevalence and risk factors of perinatal depression among women living with HIV in the Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia.

Introduction: Depressive disorder is a common mental health issue among perinatal mothers living with HIV, potentially leading to significant despair and anxiety. This condition can hinder maternal-infant bonding and undermine efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Despite its importance, little is known about the factors associated with depression in this population.

Feeding habits and malaria parasite infection of Anopheles mosquitoes in selected agroecological areas of Northwestern Ethiopia.

Background: Surveillance of the host-anopheline mosquitoes' interaction is important for assessing malaria transmission risk and guiding vector control. We assume that changes in malaria vector species' feeding habits, as well as the surrounding environment, have a substantial impact on varied malaria transmission. In this study, we determined the vertebrate host feeding patterns of anopheline mosquitoes to characterize entomologic risk factors for malaria in Jabi Tehnan, Northwestern Ethiopia.

Barriers to healthcare access among reproductive age women in extremely high and very high maternal mortality countries: Multilevel mixed effect analysis.

Background: It is widely recognized that maternal deaths in low-resource countries are attributed to deprived access to maternal health services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess barriers to healthcare access among reproductive age women in extremely high and very high maternal mortality countries.

Methods: A community based cross sectional surveys were conducted among 181,472 reproductive age women.

Obstetric care provider's knowledge about the use of low dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention in low and middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Preeclampsia can elevate the likelihood of unfavorable consequences for a mother, such as severe morbidity and mortality. World Health Organization recommends low dose acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, 75 mg per day) for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at moderate or high risk of developing the condition. The use of low dose aspirin is dependent on the knowledge of health care providers working in the antenatal care units.

Self-care adherence and associated factors among hypertensive patients at Guraghe Zone, 2023.

Background: Hypertension is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease and early mortality. Self-care is important for the prevention of hypertensive-related complications, and it was found to be necessary to determine the self-care adherence of hypertensive patients in Guraghe Zone, as there are limited findings in this area. The other reason for conducting this study was that there are certain variables related to self-care that have not been well studied, such as BMI, the number of antihypertensive medications, and the duration of antihypertensive drugs the patients are taking.

The prevalence of asthma and its predictor among patients presetting in Ethiopian public hospitals: systematic review and meta-analysis, 2024.

Background: Asthma is a leading cause of emergency hospital visits and a significant factor in lost productive hours. The lack of a synthesized body of knowledge on bronchial asthma has notable public health implications.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the prevalence of asthma and its predictors among patients presenting in Ethiopian public hospitals.

Predictors for the incidence of pneumonia among HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy in Amhara Regional State Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia: a multicenter retrospective follow-up study.

Background: Human Immune deficiency Virus (HIV) infected children are at higher risk of developing pneumonia. Particularly, in the early phase of HIV infection, the risk of acquiring pneumonia is high, and it remains a major public health problem even after the test and treatment strategy. There is no clear evidence of the overall incidence of pneumonia among HIV-infected children in Amhara region.

Rural-urban disparity in community-based health insurance enrollment in Ethiopia: a multivariate decomposition analysis using Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey 2019.

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and protecting populations from health-related financial hardship remain challenging goals. Subsequently, community-based health insurance (CBHI) has gained interest in low and middle-income countries, such as Ethiopia. However, the rural-urban disparity in CBHI enrollment has not been properly investigated using multivariate decomposition analysis.

Knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors of health professionals towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2023, Tigray, Ethiopia.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a crucial medical technique that is performed manually to preserve intact brain function. Early initiation of CPR manoeuvres and activation of the chain of survival are key factors in the prognosis of patients with cardiorespiratory arrest (CRA). Inadequacy in any step of CPR due to a lack of knowledge or skill is associated with a poor return of spontaneous circulation and a decreased survival rate.

Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among Children 6-23 Months Old in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Feeding diversified food for children is the major indicator of nutritional quality and adequacy that is crucial during the complementary feeding period for infants and young children aged 6-23 months. Ensuring diversified food is highly essential for the normal growth and development of the infant and young children. In Ethiopia, malnutrition and food insecurity remain prevalent, underscoring the need to understand and improve dietary diversity among children.

Investigating the effects of solvent polarity and temperature on the molecular, photophysical, and thermodynamic properties of sinapic acid using DFT and TDDFT.

Sinapic acid (SA) is widely used in cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceuticals due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and cardioprotective properties. However, environmental factors such as solvent polarity and temperature can influence its biological activity. This work determined how solvent polarity and temperature affected the molecular, photophysical, and thermodynamic properties of SA in gas and various solvents using semi-empirical (MP6), Hartree-Fock (HF) with the B3LYP method and a 6-311++G(d,p) basis set, and density functional theory (DFT) with various basis sets, such as 3TO-3G*, 3-21G+, 6-31G++G(d,p), 6-311++G(d,p), aug-CC-PVDZ, LanL2DZ, SDD, and DGD2VP.