[A syphilis marker study of blood component donors].

Laboratory testing of donor blood is the key point in prevention of hemotransmissive syphilis. The probability of using diagnostic EIA kit RecombiBest antipallidum-strip (AO Vektor-Best, Novosibirsk) is assessed. Ninety-two donor sera were tested.

[The spread of antibodies to cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma among donors of blood components].

The spread of IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma in the blood sera of 323 donors of hemocomponents was studied. Among young males in the northwestern region of Russia three fourths were found to be seropositive to cytomegalovirus and one third, to Toxoplasma. In older ages the proportion of seropositive persons somewhat increased.

[Method of diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus infection].

An original methodological approach to the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is proposed, consisting in the detection of viral DNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes using in situ DNA hybridization. EBV DNA was found in 6 (50%) patients with lymphomas and in 1 (33%) with infective endocarditis out of 26 examined recipients of blood components. No EBV DNA was found in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 14 regular donors.

[Comparative characteristics of a test system for detecting antibodies to hepatitis C virus].

The sensitivities and specificities of enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) were compared in donor blood screening. A total of 3308 donors were examined using Akvapast immunodiagnosticum (St. Petersburg), lot 12.

[The problem of cytomegalovirus infection in military blood transfusions].

The actuality of a problem of cytomegaloviral infection in military transfusiology is substantiated by the increasing number of immunocompromised recipients, mass use of hemocomponent therapy in prophylaxis and correction of anemia, thrombohemorrhagic and immunodeficient syndromes. Cytomegaloviral infection in the recipients of hemocomponents may have unfavourable consequences, such as the development of mononucleosis, enhanced sensitivity to opportunistic infectious agents as a result of virus-induced immunodepression, graft rejection, risk of the development of oncologic diseases, atherosclerosis, disorders in the processes of reparation and regeneration. In the northwestern part of Russia the cytomegaloviral antigens are disclosed in 65-75% of men, age 18-23.

[Alanine aminotransferase--a surrogate marker of viral hepatitis].

Examinations of 4457 blood donors (about 80% were men aged 18 to 30) revealed an increased level of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) in 82 (1.8%). Specific markers of viral hepatitis C were detected in 15.

[Specific and substitute markers of hepatitis C in screening donor blood].

The efficacy of specific and substitute markers of hepatitis C was compared in donor blood screening. 2615 blood donors were examined using two EIA kits for detection of HCV antibodies. The presence of nonspecific markers of non-A non-B hepatitis was also checked.

[The hepatitis C problem in transfusions in military medicine].

The article contains data on viral hepatitis C, its etiological factor, epidemiology, methods of diagnosis and prophylaxis. It's high time to conduct 100% screening control of donors for viral hepatitis C antibody, using national test system of fermental analysis. The authors worked out the method of "dry drop" to study the serum for hepatitis C virus antibody.