Enhancing Insight in Patients With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Case Study on Avatar Therapy Using Virtual Reality.

Treatment efficacy for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) with poor insight is low. Insight refers to a patient's ability to recognize that their obsessions are irrational and that their compulsions are futile attempts to reduce anxiety. This case study presents the first application of virtual reality-assisted avatar therapy for OCD (VRT-OCD) in a patient with contamination OCD and ambivalent insight.

Association of Drugs for Sale on the Internet and Official Health Indicators: Darknet Parsing and Correlational Study.

Background: Studying illicit drug circulation and its effects on population health is complicated due to the criminalization of trade and consumption. Illicit drug markets have evolved with IT, moving digital to the "darknet." Previous research has analyzed darknet market listings and customer reviews.

Diet induced insulin resistance is due to induction of PTEN expression.

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a condition that is often associated with obesity and defined by reduced sensitivity of PI3K signaling to insulin (insulin resistance), hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. Molecular causes and early signaling events underlying insulin resistance are not well understood. Insulin activation of PI3K signaling causes mTOR dependent induction of PTEN translation, a negative regulator of PI3K signaling.

Socioeconomic deprivation and racialised disparities in competitive athletes with sudden cardiac arrest from the USA.

Objective: To explore the association of socioeconomic deprivation and racialised outcomes in competitive athletes with sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in the USA.

Methods: SCA cases from the National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury Research (July 2014 to June 2021) were included. We matched Area Deprivation Index (ADI) scores (17 metrics to grade socioeconomic conditions) to the 9-digit zip codes for each athlete's home address.

Before hitting the slopes: athlete and staff perspectives on warm-up and activation in high-performance snowsports.

To explore warm-up and activation (W&A) practices in high-performance snowsports to describe their importance, application and potential improvements based on the perspectives of elite-level athletes and staff members. Qualitative study consisting of semistructured interviews with 13 international elite-level athletes, on-snow coaches, strength and conditioning coaches, sports physiotherapists and sports psychologists from different snowsports and subdisciplines: alpine skiing, freestyle skiing (park and pipe, aerials, moguls) and snowboarding (park and pipe, snowboard cross). The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed based on the principles of grounded theory.

Structural modeling of hERG channel-drug interactions using Rosetta.

The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) not only encodes a potassium-selective voltage-gated ion channel essential for normal electrical activity in the heart but is also a major drug anti-target. Genetic hERG mutations and blockage of the channel pore by drugs can cause long QT syndrome, which predisposes individuals to potentially deadly arrhythmias. However, not all hERG-blocking drugs are proarrhythmic, and their differential affinities to discrete channel conformational states have been suggested to contribute to arrhythmogenicity.

Elucidation of a dynamic interplay between a beta-2 adrenergic receptor, its agonist, and stimulatory G protein.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest group of membrane receptors for transmembrane signal transduction. Ligand-induced activation of GPCRs triggers G protein activation followed by various signaling cascades. Understanding the structural and energetic determinants of ligand binding to GPCRs and GPCRs to G proteins is crucial to the design of pharmacological treatments targeting specific conformations of these proteins to precisely control their signaling properties.

Advancing feminist innovation in sport studies: A transdisciplinary dialogue on gender, health and wellbeing.

Athlete health and wellbeing requires a holistic, multidimensional approach to understanding, supporting, and treating individual athletes. Building more supportive, inclusive, and equitable environments for the health and wellbeing of women and gender expansive people further requires gender-responsive approaches that promote broader cultural change. Feminist sport and exercise medicine practitioners, sports scientists, and social science researchers are increasingly coming together in their efforts to do this work.

Investigating the Role of African Horse Sickness Virus VP7 Protein Crystalline Particles on Virus Replication and Release.

African horse sickness is a deadly and highly infectious disease of equids, caused by African horse sickness virus (AHSV). AHSV is one of the most economically important members of the genus. AHSV is transmitted by the biting midge, , and therefore replicates in both insect and mammalian cell types.

'Knowing we have these rights does not always mean we feel free to use them': athletes' perceptions of their human rights in sport.

Objectives: Modern sport safeguarding strategies include published global rights declarations that enshrine athletes' entitlements at the policy level. It is unclear how these documents translate to athletes' lived experiences. The study aimed to determine athletes' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about their human rights in sports settings.

Generation of a Soluble African Horse Sickness Virus VP7 Protein Capable of Forming Core-like Particles.

A unique characteristic of the African horse sickness virus (AHSV) major core protein VP7 is that it is highly insoluble, and spontaneously forms crystalline particles in AHSV-infected cells and when expressed in vitro. The aggregation of AHSV VP7 into these crystals presents many problems in AHSV vaccine development, and it is unclear whether VP7 aggregation affects AHSV assembly or contributes to AHSV pathogenesis. Here, we set out to abolish VP7 self-assembly by targeting candidate amino acid regions on the surface of the VP7 trimer via site-directed mutagenesis.

Physical prognostic factors predicting outcome following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common. Many patients undergo ACL reconstruction (ACLR), with rehabilitation key to successful outcome. Understanding physical prognostic factors is integral to clinical decision-making, but factors predicting outcome are inadequately defined.

Development and validation of the athletes' rights survey.

A recognised imbalance of power exists between athletes and sporting institutions. Recent cases of systemic athlete abuse demonstrate the relationship between power disparities and harassment and abuse in sport. Embedding human rights principles into sporting institutions is a critical step towards preventing harassment and abuse in sport.

Tracheal chondrosarcoma: A case report, systematic review, and pooled analysis.

Background: Tracheal chondrosarcoma is a rare malignancy, and formal treatment guidelines have not been established due to the lack of high quality studies. Best evidence at this time is limited to case reports.

Aim: Explore the role of surgical intervention, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, and the long-term outcomes for these interventions for tracheal chondrosarcoma.

"Is it fun and does it enhance my performance?" - Key implementation considerations for injury prevention programs in youth handball.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the use of injury prevention exercises and injury prevention exercise programs in Danish youth handball and investigate coach and player experiences, beliefs and attitudes of injury and their prevention.

Design: A mixed-methods design consisting of cross-sectional quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews.

Methods: We surveyed 481 youth (14-18 years old) handball players and their 33 coaches about their use of injury prevention exercises, and attitudes towards injury and their prevention.

Anterior cruciate ligament injury: towards a gendered environmental approach.

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rate for girls/women has not changed in over 20 years, and they remain 3-6 times more likely to experience injury compared with boys/men. To date, ACL injury prevention and management has been approached from a sex-based biological point of view which has furthered our understanding of injury risk factors, mechanisms, and prevention and rehabilitation programmes. However, the traditional sex-based approach does not take into account the growing recognition of how sex and gender (a social construct) are 'entangled' and influence each other.

Evaluating the Implementation of Injury Prevention Strategies in Rugby Union and League: A Systematic Review using the RE-AIM Framework.

Rugby (union and league) has come under intense scrutiny due to its injury risk. Various interventions have been introduced to protect players from injury, with many deemed efficacious and advocated for use across various worldwide contexts. However, their implementation is less clear.

Integrating and maintaining automated external defibrillators and emergency planning in community sport settings: a qualitative case study.

Introduction: A voluntary State Government-led programme in Victoria, Australia 'Defibrillators for Sporting Clubs and Facilities Program' ran from 2015 to 2019, broadly aimed at increasing access to automated external defibrillators (AEDs), together with a greater number of community members trained for management of medical emergencies. This study aimed to understand whether participating sport clubs/facilities had successfully integrated an AED and medical planning with other club/facility safety practices, 12 months after delivery of the programme.

Methods: This was a qualitative case study of 14 sport clubs/facilities in Victoria, Australia in 2017, underpinned by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.