An evaluation of treatment response and remission definitions in adult obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and individual-patient data meta-analysis.

Introduction: Expert consensus operationalized treatment response and remission in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as a Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) reduction ≥35% and score ≤12 with ≤2 on Clinical Global Impressions Improvement (CGI-I) and Severity (CGI-S) scales, respectively. However, there has been scant empirical evidence supporting these definitions.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with OCD to determine optimal Y-BOCS thresholds for response and remission.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: An Empirical Approach to Defining Treatment Response and Remission in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Objective: A lack of universal definitions for response and remission in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has hampered the comparability of results across trials. To address this problem, we conducted an individual participant data diagnostic test accuracy meta-analysis to evaluate the discriminative ability of the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) in determining response and remission. We also aimed to generate empirically derived cutoffs on the CY-BOCS for these outcomes.

Pathways to a more peaceful and sustainable world: The transformative power of children in families.

This article provides an overview of selected ongoing international efforts that have been inspired by Edward Zigler's vision to improve programs and policies for young children and families in the United States. The efforts presented are in close alignment with three strategies articulated by Edward Zigler: (a) conduct research that will inform policy advocacy; (b) design, implement, and revise quality early childhood development (ECD) programs; and (c) invest in building the next generation of scholars and advocates in child development. The intergenerational legacy left by Edward Zigler has had an impact on young children not only in the United States, but also across the globe.

Pharmacologic Treatment of Tardive Dyskinesia: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Objective: To examine the efficacy of pharmacologic treatments for tardive dyskinesia (TD).

Data Sources: PubMed was searched on December 12, 2017, for randomized, placebo-controlled trials examining the treatment of TD using the search terms (drug-induced dyskinesia OR tardive dyskinesia) AND (psychotic disorders OR schizophrenia).

Study Selection: Studies were included if they examined tardive dyskinesia treatment as the primary outcome and were randomized and placebo-controlled trials.

Meta-analysis: Pharmacologic Treatment of Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: To examine the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRB) in autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Method: We searched PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL to identify all double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials that examined the efficacy of pharmacological agents in the treatment of ASD and measured RRB as an outcome. Our primary outcome was the standardized mean difference in rating scales of RRB.

The Potential of Cannabinoid-Based Treatments in Tourette Syndrome.

Novel pharmacological treatments are needed for Tourette syndrome. Our goal was to examine the current evidence base and biological rationale for the use of cannabis-derived medications or medications that act on the cannabinoid system in Tourette syndrome. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of PubMed for randomized controlled trials or clinical trials of cannabis-derived medications in Tourette syndrome.

Editorial: Can omega-3 fatty acids improve executive functioning? Will this reduce ADHD and depression?

Families with children who have neurodevelopmental disorders and mental health problems often opt to use nonmainstream and complementary medicines including dietary supplements. One dietary supplement popular with parents seeking treatment for both depression and ADHD is omega-3 fatty acids. This has led to much research and scientific debate dedicated to examining the efficacy of omega-3 supplementation as a treatment for both depression and ADHD.

Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide for Pain: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a cannabimimetic compound that has been investigated as an analgesic agent in animal models and clinical trials.

Objectives: We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the efficacy of PEA for treating pain in randomized, controlled trials.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Predictors of treatment response and drop out in the Treatment of Early-Onset Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (TEOSS) study.

The Treatment of Early-Onset Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (TEOSS) compared the efficacy of risperidone, olanzapine, and molindone over 8 weeks in 119 youths age 8-19 years with early-onset schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. From this large dataset, we examined predictors of treatment response and drop out using stepwise regression and receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis. Treatment response was defined as having both a ≥ 20% improvement in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score and a Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) score < 3.