Prospective and Longitudinal Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Pneumonia: Potential Role of Decreased Naïve CD8 in COVID-19 Patients.

: During the acute phase of COVID-19, a number of immunological abnormalities have been reported, but few studies longitudinally analyzed the specific subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes. : In this observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, adult patients developing acute pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic have been followed up for 12 months. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were assessed (with a specific focus on the memory markers) at 6 time points after the disease onset until 12 months.

The Impact of Genetic Polymorphism on Complication Development in Heart Failure Patients.

Despite the high progress that has been made in the field of cardiology, the left ventricular assist device (LVAD) can still cause complications (thrombosis/bleeding) in heart failure (HF) patients after implantation. Complications develop due to the incorrect dose of antithrombotic therapy, due to the influence of the non-physiological shear stress of the device, and also due to inherited genetic polymorphisms. Therefore, the aim of our study is to identify the influence of the genetic polymorphisms on complication development in HF patients with implanted LVADs with prescribed antiplatelet therapy.

Targeted NGS Revealed Pathogenic Mutation in a 13-Year-Old Patient with Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Case Report.

Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal hereditary disease defined by an increased level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), which predisposes significant risks for premature cardiovascular disorders. We present a family trio study: proband, a 13-year-old Kazakh girl with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) and her parents. HoFH is much more rare and severe than a heterozygous form of the disorder.

Differences in cardiac mechanics assessed by left ventricular hemodynamic forces in athletes and patients with hypertension.

We sought to assess cardiac magnetic resonance derived left ventricular hemodynamic forces (HDF) in athletes compared to patients with hypertension. Sixty athletes and 48 hypertensive patients were studied. HDF were measured during the entire cardiac cycle, the systolic phase, suction, early LV filling, and atrial thrust.

Improvements in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Results in Atrial Fibrillation Patients After Radiofrequency Ablation in Kazakhstan.

This prospective study evaluates the impact of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on cardiorespiratory indicators in patients with long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation admitted to the Heart Center UMC between January 2022 and April 2024 in Astana, Kazakhstan. The study aims to assess the functional cardiac benefits of RFA. Out of 717 registered atrial fibrillation patients, 104 were examined before and 3 months after ablation, focusing on cardiorespiratory parameters.

Proposing new lipoprotein (a) cut off value for Kazakhstan: pilot study.

Introduction: There is no consensus on the optimal concentration of lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) for the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) and aortic valve stenosis. In various clinical guidelines and agreed documents, the threshold level of Lp (a) is 30 mg/dl or 50 mg/dl. We estimated the cut-off value of Lp (a) associated with the risk of developing various localizations of atherosclerosis for the Central Asia, including Kazakhstani population.

Impact of urbanization on gut microbiome mosaics across geographic and dietary contexts.

Unlabelled: This study provides a comprehensive assessment of how urban-rural divides influence gut microbial diversity and composition across the distinct geographical landscapes of Kazakhstan, elucidating the intricate interplay between lifestyle, environment, and gut microbiome. In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 651 participants from urban centers and rural settlements across Kazakhstan, following ethical approval and informed consent. Comprehensive demographic, dietary, and stool sample data were collected.

Gut Microbiome and Cytokine Profiles in Post-COVID Syndrome.

Recent studies highlight the crucial role of the gut microbiome in post-infectious complications, especially in patients recovering from severe COVID-19. Our research aimed to explore the connection between gut microbiome changes and the cytokine profile of patients with post-COVID syndrome. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we analyzed the composition of the gut microbiome in 60 COVID-19 patients over the course of one year.

Cardiology Service of Kazakhstan Today: Acute Coronary Syndrome, Chronic Heart Failure, Atherosclerosis.

The article focuses on the prevalence of circulatory diseases, organization and implementation of new programs in the system of cardiological care services in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Currently, three key programs are functioning at the republican level: "Acute coronary syndrome", "Chronic heart failure", and "Atherosclerosis and dyslipoproteinemia". The National Scientific Cardiac Surgery Center (Astana) is the coordinator of all these programs.

Cardiac imaging in athlete's heart: current status and future prospects.

Background: Physical activity contributes to changes in cardiac morphology, which are known as "athlete's heart". Therefore, these modifications can be characterized using different imaging modalities such as echocardiography, including Doppler (flow Doppler and Doppler myocardial imaging) and speckle-tracking, along with cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography.

Main Text: Echocardiography is the most common method for assessing cardiac structure and function in athletes due to its availability, repeatability, versatility, and low cost.

Role of Genetic Polymorphisms in the Development of Complications in Patients with Implanted Left Ventricular Assist Devices: HeartWare, HeartMate II, and HeartMate 3.

Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is one of the mechanical circulatory support (MCS) treatments for advanced heart failure (HF) patients. MCS has emerged as a lifesaving therapy that improves patients' quality of life. However, MCS remains limited by a paradoxical coagulopathy accompanied by thrombosis and bleeding.

Unraveling Acute and Post-COVID Cytokine Patterns to Anticipate Future Challenges.

The aims of this study were to analyze cytokine profiles in patients with COVID-19, gain insights into the immune response during acute infection, identify cytokines associated with disease severity and post-COVID complications, and explore potential biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic targets. Using a multiplex analysis, we studied the cytokine pattern in 294 acute COVID-19 and post-COVID patients with varying severities of infection. Our findings revealed that disease severity was associated with elevated levels of IL-15, IL-8, and fractalkine.

Incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years of acute myocardial infarction in Kazakhstan: data from unified national electronic healthcare system 2014-2019.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases contribute to premature mortality globally, resulting in substantial social and economic burdens. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study reported that in 2019 alone, heart attack and strokes accounted for the deaths of 18.6 million individuals.

The Distribution of the Genotypes of and Polymorphisms in Kazakhstani Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Treated with DOAC.

Nowadays, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are the first-line anticoagulant strategy in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). We aimed to identify the influence of polymorphisms of the genes encoding P-glycoprotein () and carboxylesterase 1 () on the variability of plasma concentrations of DOACs in Kazakhstani patients with NVAF. We analyzed polymorphisms rs4148738, rs1045642, rs2032582 and rs1128503 in and rs8192935, rs2244613 and rs71647871 genes and measured the plasma concentrations of dabigatran/apixaban and biochemical parameters in 150 Kazakhstani NVAF patients.

Case report: A novel surgical technique for rapid valve-in-ring implantation into the native aortic annulus during left ventricular assist device implantation.

The implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has become an essential requirement for managing patients with end-stage heart failure. However, aortic valve insufficiency is a contraindication for LVAD implantation in patients with end-stage heart failure, partly because of the decreasing efficiency of mechanical circulatory support and the eventual development of right ventricular failure. Herein, we present the first case of performing transcatheter aortic valve replacement in valve-in-ring along with LVAD implantation for the treatment of a 60-year-old male suffering from refractory heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy and pure aortic insufficiency in need of a new aortic bioprosthesis.

Association of Lung Fibrotic Changes and Cardiological Dysfunction with Comorbidities in Long COVID-19 Cohort.

. Long COVID-19 symptoms appeared in many COVID-19 survivors. However, the prevalence and symptoms associated with long COVID-19 and its comorbidities have not been established.

Central and effector memory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with interstitial pneumonia: preliminary clues from a COVID-19 study.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pre-existing T-cell immune reactivity can be present in some people. A general perturbation of the main peripheral lymphocyte subsets has been described in severe COVID-19 patients, but very few studies assessed the general memory T-cell homeostasis in the acute phase of COVID-19. Here, we performed a general analysis of the main memory T cell populations in the peripheral blood of patients admitted to the hospital for a confirmed or probable COVID-19 diagnosis.

Association of Genetic Polymorphisms with Complications of Implanted LVAD Devices in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure: A Kazakhstani Study.

The left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is one of the alternative treatments for heart failure (HF) patients. However, LVAD support is followed by thrombosis, and bleeding complications which are caused by high non-physiologic shear stress and antithrombotic/anticoagulant therapy. A high risk of complications occurs in the presence of the genotype polymorphisms which are involved in the coagulation system, hemostasis function and in the metabolism of the therapy.

Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Coagulation Disbalances in COVID-19: 41 Studies and 17,601 Patients.

Introduction: Coagulation parameters are important determinants for COVID-19 infection. We conducted meta-analysis to assess the association between early hemostatic parameters and infection severity.

Methods: Electronic search was made for papers that addressed clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients and disease severity.