High keratinase and other types of hydrolase activity of the new strain of Bacillus paralicheniformis.

Keratinases, a subclass of proteases, are used to degrade keratin thereby forming peptones and free amino acids. Bacillus paralicheniformis strain T7 was isolated from soil and exhibited high keratinase, protease, collagenase, amylase, xylanase, lipase, and phosphatase activities. Keratinases of the strain showed maximum activity at 70°C and pH 9.

New Bacillus paralicheniformis strain with high proteolytic and keratinolytic activity.

Bacillus paralicheniformis T7, which exhibits high proteolytic and keratinolytic activities, was isolated from soil in Kazakhstan. Its secreted proteases were thermostable and alkaline, demonstrating maximum activity at 70 °C and pH 9.0.

An impact of N-glycosylation on biochemical properties of a recombinant α-amylase from .

Amylases are enzymes that are known to hydrolyze starch. High efficiency of amylolytic enzymes allows them to compete in the industry with the technology of chemical hydrolysis of starch. A strain with high amylolytic activity was isolated from soil and designated as T5.

Genome sequence and assembly of the amylolytic Bacillus licheniformis T5 strain isolated from Kazakhstan soil.

Objectives: The data presented in this study were collected with the aim of obtaining the complete genomes of specific strains of Bacillus bacteria, namely, Bacillus licheniformis T5. This strain was chosen based on its enzymatic activities, particularly amylolytic activity. In this study, nanopore sequencing technology was employed to obtain the genome sequences of this strain.

Obtaining of Recombinant Camel Chymosin and Testing Its Milk-Clotting Activity on Cow's, Goat's, Ewes', Camel's and Mare's Milk.

In the cheese-making industry, commonly chymosin is used as the main milk-clotting enzyme. Bactrian camel () chymosin (BacChym) has a milk-clotting activity higher than that of calf chymosin for cow's, goat's, ewes', mare's and camel's milk. A procedure for obtaining milk-clotting reagent based on recombinant camel chymosin is proposed here.

Cloning, expression, and characterization of a recombinant xylanase from Bacillus sonorensis T6.

Xylanase is one of industrial enzymes with diverse applications including the paper-bleaching industry and feed additives. Here, a strain having xylanolytic activity and identified as Bacillus sonorensis T6 was isolated from soil. A secretory enzyme was identified by mass-spectrometry as a xylanase of glycosyl hydrolase family 11, with a molecular weight of 23.

Isolation of sp. A5.3 Strain with Keratinolytic Activity.

Environmental safety and economic factors necessitate a search for new ways of processing poultry farm feathers, which are 90% β-keratin and can be used as a cheap source of amino acids and peptones. In this study, feather-decomposing bacteria were isolated from a site of accumulation of rotten feathers and identified as . Among them, the sp.

Constitutive expression of prochymosin B in .

Camel chymosin can be efficiently employed to produce cheese. Traditionally the rennet enzyme produced by the glands of the fourth stomach of ruminant animals (abomassum) is used in cheese making. Full-length (Bactrian camel) prochymosin gene was synthesized and constitutively expressed in cells under glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP) promoter.

Insight into DNA substrate specificity of PARP1-catalysed DNA poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation.

DNA-dependent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) PARP1, PARP2 and PARP3 act as DNA break sensors signalling DNA damage. Upon detecting DNA damage, these PARPs use nicotine adenine dinucleotide as a substrate to synthesise a monomer or polymer of ADP-ribose (MAR or PAR, respectively) covalently attached to the acceptor residue of target proteins. Recently, it was demonstrated that PARP1-3 proteins can directly ADP-ribosylate DNA breaks by attaching MAR and PAR moieties to terminal phosphates.

Triple Immunochromatographic System for Simultaneous Serodiagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis, Tuberculosis, and Leukemia.

An immunochromatographic test system has been developed for the simultaneous rapid multiplex serodiagnostics of bovine brucellosis, tuberculosis, and leukemia. The test system is based on the use of a conjugate of gold nanoparticles with the chimeric protein Cysteine-A/G and three analytical zones with immobilized pathogen antigens: lipolysaccharide, recombinant proteins MPB64 and MPB83-MPB63 of , and recombinant protein p24 of the bovine leukemia virus. Prototypes of the test system were tested on 98 samples of sera from healthy and infected animals.

A transient post-translational modification of active site cysteine alters binding properties of the parkinsonism protein DJ-1.

Mutations in the human protein DJ-1 cause early onset of Parkinson's disease. A reactive cysteine residue (Cys) of DJ-1 is crucial for its protective function, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here we show that a fraction of bacterially expressed polyhistidine-tagged human DJ-1 could not be eluted from a Ni-nitrilotriacetate (Ni-NTA) column with 150 mM imidazole.

Characterization of biochemical properties of an apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease from Helicobacter pylori.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases play critical roles in the repair of abasic sites and strand breaks in DNA. Complete genome sequences of Helicobacter pylori reveal that this bacterial specie has a single AP endonuclease. An H.

Obtaining and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against recombinant extracellular domain of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an important biomarker for detection and treatment of different types of cancers such as breast, ovarian, stomach cancer. In this study, we developed a monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain (ECD) of HER2 biomarker of breast cancer. For this purpose, the ECD-HER2 gene was amplified and cloned into an expression vector.

Introduction on Using the FastPCR Software and the Related Java Web Tools for PCR and Oligonucleotide Assembly and Analysis.

This chapter introduces the FastPCR software as an integrated tool environment for PCR primer and probe design, which predicts properties of oligonucleotides based on experimental studies of the PCR efficiency. The software provides comprehensive facilities for designing primers for most PCR applications and their combinations. These include the standard PCR as well as the multiplex, long-distance, inverse, real-time, group-specific, unique, overlap extension PCR for multi-fragments assembling cloning and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).

FastPCR: An in silico tool for fast primer and probe design and advanced sequence analysis.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most important laboratory techniques used in molecular biology, genetics and molecular diagnostics. The success of a PCR-based method largely depends on the correct nucleic acid sequence analysis in silico prior to a wet-bench experiment. Here, we report the development of an online Java-based software for virtual PCR on linear or circular DNA templates and multiple primer or probe search from large or small databases.

Characterization of DNA substrate specificities of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases are key enzymes involved in the repair of abasic sites and DNA strand breaks. Pathogenic bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains two AP endonucleases: MtbXthA and MtbNfo members of the exonuclease III and endonuclease IV families, which are exemplified by Escherichia coli Xth and Nfo, respectively. It has been shown that both MtbXthA and MtbNfo contain AP endonuclease and 3'→5' exonuclease activities.

Biochemical Characterization of DNA Repair Enzymes - Nfo, XthA and Nei2.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a human disease caused by Mtb. Treatment of TB requires long-term courses of multi-drug therapies to eliminate subpopulations of bacteria, which sometimes persist against antibiotics. Therefore, understanding of the mechanism of Mtb antibiotic-resistance is extremely important.

The Fanconi anemia pathway promotes DNA glycosylase-dependent excision of interstrand DNA crosslinks.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a recessive cancer prone syndrome featuring bone marrow failure and hypersensitivity to DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) and, to a milder extension, to ionizing radiation and oxidative stress. Recently, we reported that human oxidative DNA glycosylase, NEIL1 excises with high efficiency the unhooked crosslinked oligomer within three-stranded DNA repair intermediate induced by photoactivated psoralen exposure. Complete reconstitution of repair of the ICL within a three-stranded DNA structure shows that it is processed in the short-patch base excision repair (BER) pathway.

Coupling of the nucleotide incision and 3'-->5' exonuclease activities in Escherichia coli endonuclease IV: Structural and genetic evidences.

Aerobic respiration generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a by-product of cellular metabolism which can damage DNA. The complex nature of oxidative DNA damage requires actions of several repair pathways. Oxidized DNA bases are substrates for two overlapping pathways: base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide incision repair (NIR).