Performance of novices in Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection starting directly in human patients under direct supervision of an expert endoscopist.

Background And Study Aim: The ESGE curriculum guideline on training in ESD advises an extensive experience in animal models before commencing ESD training on humans. However, the evidence on which this recommendation is based, is rather limited. In this study we evaluate the performance of novices in ESD during their one-year training period; with continuous supervision of an endoscopist with extensive experience in ESD.

Enhanced Superconductivity of Hydrogenated β Borophene.

Borophene stands out among elemental two-dimensional materials due to its extraordinary physical properties, including structural polymorphism, strong anisotropy, metallicity, and the potential for phonon-mediated superconductivity. However, confirming superconductivity in borophene experimentally has been evasive to date, mainly due to the detrimental effects of metallic substrates and its susceptibility to oxidation. In this study, we present an analysis of superconductivity in the experimentally synthesized hydrogenated β borophene, which has been proven to be less prone to oxidation.

Correction: Superconductivity in functionalized niobium-carbide MXenes.

Correction for 'Superconductivity in functionalized niobium-carbide MXenes' by Cem Sevik , , 2023, , 8792-8799, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NR00347G.

Ginzburg-Landau surface energy of multiband superconductors: derivation and application to selected systems.

We determine the energy of an interface between a multiband superconducting and a normal half-space, in presence of an applied magnetic field, based on a multiband Ginzburg-Landau (GL) approach. We obtain that the multiband surface energy is fully determined by the critical temperature, electronic densities of states, and superconducting gap functions associated with the different band condensates. This furthermore yields an expression for the thermodynamic critical magnetic field, in presence of an arbitrary number of contributing bands.

Superconductivity in functionalized niobium-carbide MXenes.

We detail the effects of Cl and S functionalization on the superconducting properties of layered (bulk) and monolayer niobium carbide (NbC) MXene crystals, based on first-principles calculations combined with Eliashberg theory. For bulk layered NbCCl, the calculated superconducting transition temperature () is in very good agreement with the recently measured value of 6 K. We show that is enhanced to 10 K for monolayer NbCCl, due to an increase in the density of states at the Fermi level, and the corresponding electron-phonon coupling.

Alternating Superconducting and Charge Density Wave Monolayers within Bulk 6R-TaS.

Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures continue to attract intense interest as a route of designing materials with novel properties that cannot be found in nature. Unfortunately, this approach is currently limited to only a few layers that can be stacked on top of each other. Here, we report a bulk vdW material consisting of superconducting 1H TaS monolayers interlayered with 1T TaS monolayers displaying charge density waves (CDW).

Enhancing superconductivity in MXenes through hydrogenation.

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are an emerging class of atomically-thin superconductors, whose characteristics are highly prone to tailoring by surface functionalization. Here we explore the use of hydrogen adatoms to enhance phonon-mediated superconductivity in MXenes, based on first-principles calculations combined with Eliashberg theory. We first demonstrate the stability of three different structural models of hydrogenated Mo- and W-based MXenes.

Clinical outcomes in patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia treated with ponatinib in routine clinical practice-data from a Belgian registry.

Data on clinical use of ponatinib are limited. This prospective registry aimed to evaluate outcomes of ponatinib treatment in routine practice over 3 years (2016-2019) in Belgium (NCT03678454). Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with ponatinib per current label.

First-principles exploration of superconductivity in MXenes.

MXenes are an emerging class of two-dimensional materials, which in their thinnest limit consist of a monolayer of carbon or nitrogen (X) sandwiched between two transition metal (M) layers. We have systematically searched for superconductivity among MXenes for a range of transition metal elements, based on a full first-principles characterization in combination with the Eliashberg formalism. Thus, we identified six superconducting MXenes: three carbides (Mo2C, W2C and Sc2C) and three nitrides (Mo2N, W2N and Ta2N).

Enhanced Superconductivity in Few-Layer TaS due to Healing by Oxygenation.

When approaching the atomically thin limit, defects and disorder play an increasingly important role in the properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. While defects are generally thought to negatively affect superconductivity in 2D materials, here we demonstrate the contrary in the case of oxygenation of ultrathin tantalum disulfide (TaS). Our first-principles calculations show that incorporation of oxygen into the TaS crystal lattice is energetically favorable and effectively heals sulfur vacancies typically present in these crystals, thus restoring the electronic band structure and the carrier density to the intrinsic characteristics of TaS.

Hydrogen-Induced High-Temperature Superconductivity in Two-Dimensional Materials: The Example of Hydrogenated Monolayer MgB_{2}.

Hydrogen-based compounds under ultrahigh pressure, such as the polyhydrides H_{3}S and LaH_{10}, superconduct through the conventional electron-phonon coupling mechanism to attain the record critical temperatures known to date. Here we exploit the intrinsic advantages of hydrogen to strongly enhance phonon-mediated superconductivity in a completely different system, namely, a two-dimensional material with hydrogen adatoms. We find that van Hove singularities in the electronic structure, originating from atomiclike hydrogen states, lead to a strong increase of the electronic density of states at the Fermi level, and thus of the electron-phonon coupling.

Free surfaces recast superconductivity in few-monolayer MgB: Combined first-principles and ARPES demonstration.

Two-dimensional materials are known to harbour properties very different from those of their bulk counterparts. Recent years have seen the rise of atomically thin superconductors, with a caveat that superconductivity is strongly depleted unless enhanced by specific substrates, intercalants or adatoms. Surprisingly, the role in superconductivity of electronic states originating from simple free surfaces of two-dimensional materials has remained elusive to date.

Structural and electronic properties of defects at grain boundaries in CuInSe.

We report on a first-principles study of the structural and electronic properties of a Σ3 (112) grain boundary model in CuInSe. The study focuses on a coherent, stoichiometry preserving, cation-Se terminated grain boundary, addressing the properties of the grain boundary as such, as well as the effect of well known defects in CuInSe. We show that in spite of its apparent simplicity, such a grain boundary exhibits a very rich phenomenology, providing an explanation for several of the experimentally observed properties of grain boundaries in CuInSe thin films.

Native point defects in CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se2: hybrid density functional calculations predict the origin of p- and n-type conductivity.

We have performed a first-principles study of the p- and n-type conductivity in CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se2 due to native point defects, based on the HSE06 hybrid functional. Band alignment shows that the band gap becomes larger with x due to the increasing conduction band minimum, rendering it hard to establish n-type conductivity in CuGaSe2. From the defect formation energies, we find that In/GaCu is a shallow donor, while V(Cu), V(In/Ga) and Cu(In/Ga) act as shallow acceptors.

[Psychopathology of the misuse of Subutex®: The Popeye syndrome].

Introduction: High dose buprenorphine (HDB), commonly known as Subutex(®), is nowadays largely prescribed as a replacement therapy for major opiate dependence. Its sublingual administration allows a decrease in the withdrawal syndrome accompanying opiate abuse cessation. Over the past few decades, epidemiological data on people on replacement therapy have emphasized an increase in the misuse of Subutex(®) and more specifically intravenous injections of HDB.

Lens wavefront compensation for 3D photomask effects in subwavelength optical lithography.

As semiconductor optical lithography is pushed to smaller dimensions, resolution enhancement techniques have been required to maintain process yields. For some time, the customization of illumination coherence at the source plane has allowed for the control of diffraction order distribution across the projection lens pupil. Phase shifting at the photomask plane has allowed for some phase control as well.

Local Observation of Field Polarity Dependent Flux Pinning by Magnetic Dipoles.

A scanning Hall probe microscope is used to study flux pinning in a thin superconducting Pb film covering a square array of single-domain Co dots with in-plane magnetization. We show that single flux quanta of opposite sign thread the superconducting film below T(c) at the opposite poles of these dipoles. Depending on the polarity of the applied field, flux lines are attracted to a specific pole of the dipoles, due to the direct interaction with the vortexlike structures induced by the local stray field.

Malignant myoepithelioma of the breast. Case report with immunohistochemical study.

Malignant myoepitheliomas of the breast are rare. We report a case of spindle cell malignant myoepithelioma studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The malignant myoepithelial cells stained positively for cytokeratins, smooth muscle actin and vimentin, but not for epithelial membrane antigen.

Tetrasomy 9p: prenatal diagnosis and fetopathological findings in a second trimester male fetus.

In this report the authors describe the fetopathological findings in a second trimester male fetus with pure 9p tetrasomy. The prenatal diagnosis was based on the echographic finding of severe internal anomalies of the central nervous, cardiovascular and urogenital systems.

Causative role of Yersinia and other enteric pathogens in the appendicular syndrome.

In 2,861 consecutive patients undergoing appendicectomy for clinically suspected appendicitis an enteric pathogen was isolated from the appendix in almost 7% using an optimal combination of culture media. The pathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica serotypes 03 and 09 predominated (3.6%), followed by Campylobacter and nontyphoid Salmonella.

The role of lordosis.

A majority of degenerative changes in the vertebral discs, the facet joints or even the interspinous ligaments, as in Baastrup's disease, are probably caused by pressure damage. Among the various causes of overloading, hyperlordosis--alone or in combination with other adjuvant causes--is presumably the most important one. Its detrimental influence is most noticeable in some peculiar situations, where lordosis is the common denominator of malformations of different origins, as, for instance, dorsal and dorsolumbar kyphosis, L4-5 facetarthrosis with L5-S1 spondylolisthesis, and posterior or posterolateral distraction arthrodesis.

Hypoglycemia owing to inappropriate glucagon secretion treated with a continuous subcutaneous glucagon infusion system.

A selective glucagon deficiency was documented in a 36-year-old female patient suffering from severe hypoglycemic attacks. The extremely low fasting plasma glucagon levels could not be stimulated by hypoglycemia. The increase in plasma glucagon during stimulation with arginine did not prevent hypoglycemia provoked by the simultaneous insulin secretion.