Correlation between metabolic response determined with [F]FDG PET/CT and pathological response after neoadjuvant treatment and surgery in patients with esophageal cancer.

Aim: To assess the correlation between the result of the PET/CT study with [18 F]FDG and the histological outcome in patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy and subsequent surgery.

Material And Methods: 41 patients (35 men) diagnosed with esophageal cancer during a 10-year interval were retrospectively evaluated. PERCIST criteria and SULpeak (ΔSULpeak) variation between pre- and post-treatment PET/CT studies were used.

Health markers, depressive symptoms, and community deprivation in a type 2 diabetes multidisciplinary care clinic for youth.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects non-Hispanic/Latino Black and Hispanic/Latino youth. The purpose of this study was to examine whether differences in metabolic risk factors and depressive symptoms exist by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation and whether these impact clinic attendance and health markers over 1 year in a multidisciplinary type 2 diabetes clinic for youth.

Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review of 54 youth with type 2 diabetes who had both an initial and follow-up visit.

Examining where to go: pediatric psychology trainees' perception of their graduate training in culture and diversity.

Objective: Culture and diversity-related training is critical to the development of competent pediatric psychologists. Evaluation of training efforts have been conducted at the program level, yet evaluation of trainee experiences in culture and diversity-related training remains unassessed. This trainee-led study was the first formal assessment of pediatric psychology trainee experiences of culture and diversity-related training and the impact of training on their own cultural humility.

Sedentary Bout Patterns and Metabolic Health in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth).

Background There is limited evidence on the potential negative metabolic health impacts of prolonged and uninterrupted sedentary bouts in structurally disadvantaged youth. This study investigated associations between sedentary bout variables and metabolic health markers in the Hispanic Community Health Study/SOL Youth (Study of Latino Youth). Methods and Results SOL Youth was a population-based cohort of 1466 youth (age range, 8-16 years; 48.

Trajectories of Psychopathology and Dysregulation 2-4 Years following Adolescent Bariatric Surgery.

Objective: This study examined psychopathology and weight over 4 years following bariatric surgery in adolescents with obesity, as compared to a nonsurgical group. The role of psychological dysregulation in relation to psychopathology in the 2-4 year "maintenance phase" following surgery was also examined.

Methods: Adolescent participants (122 surgical and 70 nonsurgical) completed height/weight and psychopathology assessments annually for 4 years, with dysregulation assessed at Year 2.

Hedonic Appetite, Affect, and Loss of Control Eating: Macrotemporal and Microtemporal Associations in Adolescents.

Objective: Loss of control eating (LOC) is a dysregulated eating behavior relevant to eating disorders and weight-related health concerns. Hedonic appetite and affect (positive/negative) are dynamic microtemporal processes that influence LOC, but they have been studied predominantly in a static, macrotemporal manner. The present study examined associations of hedonic appetite and positive/negative affect, on macrotemporal and microtemporal levels, with LOC in adolescents.

Temporal discounting modifies the effect of microtemporal hedonic hunger on food consumption: An ecological momentary assessment study.

Introduction: Steeper delay discounting, or preference for small rewards sooner versus larger rewards later, has been linked to disinhibited eating and obesity. The overconsumption of food may also be motivated by hedonic hunger, or the drive to consume foods for pleasure rather than energy need. The present study hypothesized that hedonic hunger would modify the relation between temporal discounting and palatable food consumption.

Psychosocial predictors of problematic eating in young adults who underwent adolescent bariatric surgery.

Introduction: This study examined problematic eating and eating-related psychopathology among young adults who underwent adolescent bariatric surgery including concurrent and prospective associations with psychosocial factors and weight change.

Methods: VIEW point is a 6-year follow-up study within a prospective observational study series observing adolescents with severe obesity who had bariatric surgery ( = 139) or who presented to nonsurgical lifestyle modification programs ( = 83). Participants completed height/weight measurements, questionnaires, and diagnostic interviews.

Validity of a Global Positioning System-Based Algorithm and Consumer Wearables for Classifying Active Trips in Children and Adults.

Objective: To investigate the convergent validity of a global positioning system (GPS)-based and two consumer-based measures with trip logs for classifying pedestrian, cycling, and vehicle trips in children and adults.

Methods: Participants ( = 34) wore a Qstarz GPS tracker, Fitbit Alta, and Garmin vivosmart 3 on multiple days and logged their outdoor pedestrian, cycling, and vehicle trips. Logged trips were compared with device-measured trips using the Personal Activity Location Measurement System (PALMS) GPS-based algorithms, Fitbit's SmartTrack, and Garmin's Move IQ.

Location-specific psychosocial and environmental correlates of physical activity and sedentary time in young adolescents: preliminary evidence for location-specific approaches from a cross-sectional observational study.

Background: A better understanding of the extent to which psychosocial and environmental correlates of physical activity are specific to locations would inform intervention optimization.

Purpose: To investigate cross-sectional associations of location-general and location-specific variables with physical activity and sedentary time in three common locations adolescents spend time.

Methods: Adolescents (N = 472,M = 14.

Experimental and theoretical study of the mechanism and rate constants of the sequential 5- spirocyclization involving vinyl, aryl and -alkoxyaminyl radicals.

In this research the sequential generation and cyclization of -alkoxyaminyl radicals to produce 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane, a prominent scaffold in organic and medicinal chemistry, was studied. Competition experiments in benzene at 80 °C with brominated oxime ethers using BuSnH as chain transfer and AIBN as the initiator generated vinyl or aryl radicals which were captured by oxime ethers, allowing approximate 5- cyclization constants at 4.

Validity of Two Awake Wear-Time Classification Algorithms for activPAL in Youth, Adults, and Older Adults.

Background: The authors assessed agreement between participant diaries and two automated algorithms applied to activPAL (PAL Technologies Ltd, Glasgow, United Kingdom) data for classifying awake wear time in three age groups.

Methods: Study 1 involved 20 youth and 23 adults who, by protocol, removed the activPAL occasionally to create nonwear periods. Study 2 involved 744 older adults who wore the activPAL continuously.

Implementation contextual factors related to community-based active travel to school interventions: a mixed methods interview study.

Background: Active travel to school contributes to multiple physical and psychosocial benefits for youth, yet population rates of active travel to school are alarmingly low in the USA and many other countries. Though walking school bus interventions are effective for increasing rates of active travel to school and children's overall physical activity, uptake of such interventions has been low. The objective of this study was to conduct a mixed methods implementation evaluation to identify contextual factors that serve as barriers and facilitators among existing walking school bus programs.

Implementation of School Remote Drop-off Walking Programs: Results from Qualitative Interviews.

Background: Remote drop-off programs allow children living "unwalkable" distances from school to walk partway by being dropped off by personal vehicle or bus closer to the school, supporting physical activity and health. However, little evidence exists to guide implementation of such programs.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants from 7 remote drop-off programs to capture descriptive information and qualitative content ( barriers, facilitators, outcomes).

Investigating associations between physical activity-related neighborhood built environment features and child weight status to inform local practice.

Despite evidence of the importance of neighborhood built environment features in relation to physical activity and obesity, research has been limited in informing localized practice due to small sample sizes and limited geographic coverage. This demonstration study integrated data from a local pediatric health system with nationally available neighborhood built environment data to inform local decision making around neighborhood environments and childhood obesity. Height/weight from clinic visits and home neighborhood measures from the U.

Adaptive mHealth Intervention for Adolescent Physical Activity Promotion.

Objective: The present nonrandomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a tailored text message intervention for increasing adolescent physical activity, as compared with passive monitoring.

Methods: Forty adolescents (13-18 years old) received either a tailored text messaging intervention (Network Underwritten Dynamic Goals Engine [NUDGE]; N = 20), or participated in an attention-control condition (N = 20), for 20 days. Physical activity was measured for all participants via continuous accelerometry.

Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Diet as Mediators of the Association Between TV Time and BMI in Youth.

Purpose: This study examined dietary indicators, sedentary time, and physical activity as potential mediators of the association between TV time and BMIz in youth.

Design: Cross-sectional study in 2 independent samples of youth.

Setting: Data collection occurred by mail and telephone for adolescents and either at home or in medical settings for children.

Patterns of Sedentary Time in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) Youth.

Background: Total sedentary time and prolonged sedentary patterns can negatively impact health. This study investigated rates of various sedentary pattern variables in Hispanic/Latino youth.

Methods: Participants were 956 youths (50.

Bone remodeling, around an anatomical hip stem: a one year prospective study using DEXA.

Introduction: The loss of bone mass, as a consequence of bone remodelling, in the proximal third of the femur, is a factor that contributes to the failure of hip prostheses in the medium to long term. This periprosthetic remodelling occurs mainly during the first 12 months after the operation. The aim is to evaluate the behaviour at one year of a new anatomical stem, the ANATO® stem (2015-Stryker®), which is a redesign of its predecessor (ABG-ii®-Stryker stem) by means of bone densitometry.

Walking School Bus Programs: Implementation Factors, Implementation Outcomes, and Student Outcomes, 2017-2018.

Purpose And Objectives: Walking school bus programs increase children's physical activity through active travel to school; however, research to inform large-scale implementation of such programs is limited. We investigated contextual factors, implementation outcomes, and student outcomes in existing walking school bus programs in the United States and internationally.

Intervention Approach: Walking school bus programs involve a group of children walking to school together with an adult leader.

Differences in adolescent activity and dietary behaviors across home, school, and other locations warrant location-specific intervention approaches.

Background: Investigation of physical activity and dietary behaviors across locations can inform "setting-specific" health behavior interventions and improve understanding of contextual vulnerabilities to poor health. This study examined how physical activity, sedentary time, and dietary behaviors differed across home, school, and other locations in young adolescents.

Methods: Participants were adolescents aged 12-16 years from the Baltimore-Washington, DC and the Seattle areas from a larger cross-sectional study.

Neighborhood built environment associations with adolescents' location-specific sedentary and screen time.

Less is known about how neighborhood environments relate to sedentary time as compared to physical activity. This study examined relations of perceived and objective neighborhood environments with TV time, total screen time, total sedentary time, sedentary time at home, sedentary time in the home neighborhood, and time spent at home, in 524 12-16 year olds. Better perceived aesthetics and a perceived neighborhood environment index were related to less TV and screen time, and greater cul-de-sac density was related to less total and home sedentary time.

An evaluation of the coverage of theoretically based implementation factors in disseminated classroom physical activity programs.

Classroom-based physical activity (CBPA) is increasingly recommended as a method to support children's physical activity, health, and academic performance. Many adoption-ready programs exist to aid in the implementation of CBPA in schools; yet, implementation rates remain low. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which resources provided by adoption-ready CBPA programs addressed theory-based implementation contextual factors to support implementation.