Corrigendum: Dual-mTOR Inhibitor Rapalink-1 Reduces Prostate Cancer Patient-Derived Xenograft Growth and Alters Tumor Heterogeneity.

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Manipulation under anaesthesia for frozen shoulders: outdated technique or well-established quick fix?

Manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) for frozen shoulder (FS) leads to a considerable increase in range of motion and Oxford shoulder score, a significant reduction in pain and around 85% satisfaction.A clearly defined indication for MUA in FS patients cannot be extracted from this review or the available literature. The associating criteria before proceeding to MUA vary widely.

An Tissue Culture Model for the Assessment of Individualized Drug Responses in Prostate and Bladder Cancer.

Urological malignancies, including prostate and bladder carcinoma, represent a major clinical problem due to the frequent occurrence of therapy resistance and the formation of incurable distant metastases. As a result, there is an urgent need for versatile and predictive disease models for the assessment of the individualized drug response in urological malignancies. Compound testing on cultured patient-derived tumor tissues could represent a promising approach.

Corticosteroid injection alone additional physiotherapy treatment in early stage frozen shoulders.

Aim: To investigate the additional value of physiotherapy after a corticosteroid injection in stage one or two idiopathic frozen shoulders (FSs).

Methods: A two center, randomized controlled trial was done. Patients with a painful early stage idiopathic FS were eligible for inclusion.

Does hydroxyapatite coating enhance ingrowth and improve longevity of a Zweymuller type stem? A double-blinded randomised RSA trial.

Introduction: An ongoing discussion is whether using a hydroxyapatite coating enhances the ingrowth and longevity of a femoral stem in total hip arthroplasty. The best way to predict speed of ingrowth and long-term outcome is by evaluating micromotion by radiostereometric analysis. To study the effect of hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on the migration of the SL-PLUS hip stem, we performed a prospective double blind randomised controlled trial comparing the early migration of the hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated SL-PLUS stem compared to the Standard (non-coated) SL-PLUS stem.

CRIPTO and its signaling partner GRP78 drive the metastatic phenotype in human osteotropic prostate cancer.

CRIPTO (CR-1, TDGF1) is a cell surface/secreted oncoprotein actively involved in development and cancer. Here, we report that high expression of CRIPTO correlates with poor survival in stratified risk groups of prostate cancer (PCa) patients. CRIPTO and its signaling partner glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) are highly expressed in PCa metastases and display higher levels in the metastatic ALDH sub-population of PC-3M-Pro4Luc2 PCa cells compared with non-metastatic ALDH.

How to treat a frozen shoulder? A survey among shoulder specialists in the Netherlands and Belgium.

A frozen shoulder is a common cause of a painful and stiff shoulder. A web-based survey was conducted to obtain insight in the current preferences about the diagnosis and treatment of a frozen shoulder. A response rate of 54% was reached among shoulder specialized orthopaedic surgeons from the Netherlands and Belgium.

Validation of the Dutch language version of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a Dutch language version of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS-DLV) and evaluate its measurement properties according to the definitions of the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN).

Methods: After a standard forward-backward translation procedure, the Dutch version of the FAOS was evaluated for reliability and validity in 110 patients with various hind foot and ankle complaints. Reliability was evaluated by calculation of intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency, and the smallest detectable change (SDC).

The biomechanical effects of polytetrafluoroethylene suture augmentations in lateral-row rotator cuff repairs in an ovine model.

Background: This study investigated the biomechanical effects of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) suture augmentation patches in rotator cuff repair constructs.

Methods: The infraspinatus tendon in 24 cadaveric ovine shoulders was repaired using an inverted horizontal mattress suture with 2 knotless bone anchors (ArthroCare, Austin, TX, USA) in a lateral-row configuration. Four different repair groups (6 per group) were created: (1) standard repair using inverted horizontal mattress sutures, (2) repair with ePTFE suture augmentations on the bursal side of the tendon, (3) repair with ePTFE suture augmentations on the articular side, and, (4) repair with ePTFE suture augmentations on both sides of the tendon.

Arthroscopic Capsular Release for Idiopathic Adhesive Capsulitis.

Introduction: Our technique of arthroscopic capsular release involving two posterior portals and one anterior portal, to accomplish a complete 360° release, improves motion and reduces pain in patients with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis.

Step 1 Position The Patient: Place the patient in a beach-chair position for shoulder joint arthroscopy.

Step 2 Establish A Routine Posterior Glenohumeral Joint Arthroscopy Portal: Use a routine posterior glenohumeral arthroscopy portal to introduce the arthroscope.

CT measurement of range of motion of ankle and subtalar joints following two lateral column lengthening procedures.

Background: Lateral column lengthening (LCL) has become an accepted procedure for the operative treatment of the flexible flatfoot deformity. Hindfoot arthrodesis via a calcaneocuboid distraction arthrodesis (CCDA) has been considered a less favourable surgical option than the anterior open wedge calcaneal distraction osteotomy (ACDO), as CCDA has been associated with reduced hindfoot joint motion postoperatively. The ankle and subtalar joint ranges of motion were measured in patients who underwent an ACDO or CCDA procedure for flatfoot deformity.

Overview of subtalar arthrodesis techniques: options, pitfalls and solutions.

Background: Subtalar arthrodesis (SA) is the preferred treatment for painful isolated subtalar disease. Although results are generally favourable, analysis of current operative techniques will help optimizing this treatment. The aim was to give an overview of SA-techniques and their pitfalls.

Measuring hindfoot alignment radiographically: the long axial view is more reliable than the hindfoot alignment view.

Background: Hindfoot malalignment is a recognized cause of foot and ankle disability. For preoperative planning and clinical follow-up, reliable radiographic assessment of hindfoot alignment is important. The long axial radiographic view and the hindfoot alignment view are commonly used for this purpose.

A 3-portal approach for arthroscopic subtalar arthrodesis.

We present a 3-portal approach for arthroscopic subtalar arthrodesis with the patient in the prone position. The prone position allows the use of the two standard posterior portals and it allows for accurate control of hindfoot alignment during surgery. Furthermore, the introduction of talocalcaneal lag screws is easy with the patient in this position.

Determination of consistent patterns of range of motion in the ankle joint with a computed tomography stress-test.

Background: Measuring the range of motion of the ankle joint can assist in accurate diagnosis of ankle laxity. A computed tomography-based stress-test (3D CT stress-test) was used that determines the three-dimensional position and orientation of tibial, calcaneal and talar bones. The goal was to establish a quantitative database of the normal ranges of motion of the talocrural and subtalar joints.

Accuracy of a CT-based bone contour registration method to measure relative bone motions in the hindfoot.

For measuring the in-vivo range of motion of the hindfoot, a CT-based bone contour registration method (CT-BCM) was developed to determine the three-dimensional position and orientation of bones. To validate this technique, we hypothesized that the range of motion in the hindfoot is equally, accurately measured by roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis (RSA) as by the CT-BCM technique. Tantalum bone markers were placed in the distal tibia, talus and calcaneus of one cadaver specimen.

In-vivo range of motion of the subtalar joint using computed tomography.

Understanding in vivo subtalar joint kinematics is important for evaluation of subtalar joint instability, the design of a subtalar prosthesis and for analysing surgical procedures of the ankle and hindfoot. No accurate data are available on the normal range of subtalar joint motion. The purpose of this study was to introduce a method that enables the quantification of the extremes of the range of motion of the subtalar joint in a loaded state using multidetector computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Open-wedge osteotomy of the lateral femoral condyle for extensor mechanism instability.

Objective: To achieve extensor mechanism stability in postpatellectomy patients by elevating the lateral femoral condyle, thus creating a deeper trochlear groove.

Indications: Instability of the quadriceps tendon after patellectomy and other realignment interventions, including but not limited to the release of the lateral patellofemoral ligaments, advancement of the vastus medialis obliquus muscle and, in some cases, transfer of the tibial tubercle. Stabilization of a normal dislocating patella in presence of a hypoplastic lateral femoral condyle.

Arthroscopy of the posterior subtalar joint.

The subtalar joint is a complex and functionally important joint of the lower extremity. It plays a major role in the movement of inversion and eversion of the foot. With the development of small-joint arthroscopes and instrumentation, surgeons became interested in posterior subtalar joint arthroscopy.

Subcapital hip fractures: the Garden classification should be replaced, not collapsed.

Objectives: To evaluate rater agreement for a simple 2-category classification of subcapital hip fractures versus the 4-category Garden classification and to determine the effect of clinician experience on the level of agreement.

Setting: Sunnybrook and Women's Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, a level 1 trauma centre.

Method: Eleven raters, with varying levels of clinical experience (3 fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeons, 4 clinical fellows and 4 residents), classified 34 pairs of anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of patients with subcapital hip fractures according to whether the fracture was stable (the fragments move as a unit) or unstable (the fragments move independently), and according to Garden's original 4-category classification.