Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Targeted Gene Delivery in Lung Cancer Therapy: Exploring a Novel Therapeutic Paradigm.

Lung cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It can be broadly categorised into small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Surgical intervention, radiation therapy, and the administration of chemotherapeutic medications are among the current treatment modalities.

Smart Nanobiomaterials for Gene Delivery in Localized Cancer Therapy: An Overview from Emerging Materials and Devices to Clinical Applications.

Researchers in various fields continue to discover improved ways of local delivery of drugs to specific locations and try to increase the efficiency of these methods. Extensive research has been done on smart nano-biomaterials for drug delivery systems (DDS) in different dimensions. With the advancement of biomedical nanotechnology, conventional smart DDS with stimuli- responsive capability has been developed.

Effects of Pregabalin as a Neural Pathway Inhibitor for the Treatment of Resistant Subacute and Chronic Cough: A Pilot Clinical Trials Study.

Background: Cough hypersensitivity syndrome is one of the causes of chronic cough. Small clinical trials have suggested the effects of pregabalin as a neural pathway inhibitor in treating subacute and chronic cough resistance.

Methods: This study is an 8-week, pilot study randomized, double-blind clinical trial on 30 patients' resistant to treatment of the underlying cause who were referred to an ultra-specialized lung clinic, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, between 2021-2022.

Mediator subunit MDT-15 promotes expression of propionic acid breakdown genes to prevent embryonic lethality in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The micronutrient vitamin B12 is an essential cofactor for two enzymes: methionine synthase, which plays a key role in the one-carbon cycle; and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, an enzyme in a pathway that breaks down branched-chain amino acids and odd-chain fatty acids. A second, vitamin B12-independent pathway that degrades propionic acid was recently described in Caenorhabditis elegans, the propionate shunt pathway. Activation of five shunt pathway genes in response to low vitamin B12 availability or high propionic acid levels is accomplished by a transcriptional regulatory mechanism involving two nuclear hormone receptors, NHR-10 and NHR-68.

Prosthetic Joint Infection After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Rare Case Report.

In this article, a 75-year-old patient with pain in left knee and restricted range of motion following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is presented. Serological evaluation and aspiration of knee joint suggested a fungal prosthetic joint infection. After the diagnosis was confirmed, treatment started with antifungal drugs, removing prosthesis, exhaustive debridement, and revision of TKA after efficient antifungal treatment.

A mathematical model for SARS-CoV-2 in variable-order fractional derivative.

A new coronavirus mathematical with hospitalization is considered with the consideration of the real cases from March 06, 2021 till the end of April 30, 2021. The essential mathematical results for the model are presented. We show the model stability when in the absence of infection.

Survival Outcomes Associated with First and Second-Line Palliative Systemic Therapies in Patients with Metastatic Bladder Cancer.

Background: Real-world data on palliative systemic therapies (PST) in treating metastatic bladder cancer (mBC) is limited. This study investigates current trends in treating mBC with first- (1L) and second-line (2L) chemotherapy (CT) and immunotherapy (IT).

Methods: A chart review was conducted on patients diagnosed with stage II-IV bladder cancer in 2014-2016.

Application of reinforcement learning for effective vaccination strategies of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Since December 2019, the new coronavirus has raged in China and subsequently all over the world. From the first days, researchers have tried to discover vaccines to combat the epidemic. Several vaccines are now available as a result of the contributions of those researchers.

, , and Defects Differentially Shape Prostate Tumor Driver Genomics and Clinical Aggression.

Purpose: DNA damage repair (DDR) defects are common across cancer types and can indicate therapeutic vulnerability. Optimal exploitation of DDR defects in prostate cancer requires new diagnostic strategies and a better understanding of associated clinical genomic features.

Experimental Design: We performed targeted sequencing of 1,615 plasma cell-free DNA samples from 879 patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

MDT-15/MED15 permits longevity at low temperature via enhancing lipidostasis and proteostasis.

Low temperatures delay aging and promote longevity in many organisms. However, the metabolic and homeostatic aspects of low-temperature-induced longevity remain poorly understood. Here, we show that lipid homeostasis regulated by Caenorhabditis elegans Mediator 15 (MDT-15 or MED15), a transcriptional coregulator, is essential for low-temperature-induced longevity and proteostasis.

Spontaneous Adrenal Hematoma in a Pregnant Woman; a Case Report.

Spontaneous adrenal hematoma is a very rare condition and its prevalence has been reported to be about 1% in previous studies. Although various causes have been proposed to explain its incidence in existing case reports, the etiology and pathology of this condition is still not known. The present study presents a case of spontaneous adrenal hematoma in a pregnant 31 year old womanwithout history of trauma or other probable risk factors of hemorrhage, presenting to the emergency department with chief complaint of pain in the right flank.

Comparison of Risk of Preterm Labor between Vaginal Progesterone and17-Alpha-Hydroxy-Progesterone Caproate in Women with Threatened Abortion: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Threatened miscarriage is a common complication in pregnancy that leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm labor. This study aimed to compare the vaginal progesterone (Cyclogest) versus 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (Proluton) on preventing preterm labor in pregnant women with threatened abortion at less than 34 weeks' gestational age.

Materials And Methods: This balanced randomized, double-blind, single-center controlled clinical trial included 190 women with threatened abortion.

Association between serum adropin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus; a case-control study.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum adropin concentration and GDM. In a case-control study, conducted in 2013, 40 pregnant women with GDM and 40 healthy pregnant women (controls) were evaluated.

The effect of preventive educational program in cigarette smoking: Extended Parallel Process Model.

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the preventable causes of diseases and deaths. The most important preventive measure is technique to resist against peer pressure. Any educational program should design with an emphasis upon theories of behavioral change and based on effective educational program.

The role of folic acid on the hyperhomocysteinemia in the Buerger's disease (Thromboangiitis Obliterans).

Background: The mechanism underlying Buerger's disease (BD) is still unknown. Recently, thrombophilic conditions predisposing to a hypercoagulable state have been hypothesized as triggers for BD. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of the hyperhomocysteinemia and level of the anticardiolipin antibodies, and the role of folic acid on the hyperhomocysteinemia and on the rate of the amputations in the patients with BD.

Placement of long-term hemodialysis catheter (permcath) in patients with end-stage renal disease through external jugular vein.

Background: The number of patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) has progressively increased in the population. Kidney transplantation is the specific treatment for such patients; however a majority of patients will require hemodialysis before kidney transplantation. The present study aims to investigate using the external jugular vein (EJV) for Permcath placement in these patients.

Comparison of percutaneous versus open surgical techniques for placement of peritoneal dialysis catheter in children: A randomized clinical trial.

Unlabelled: Background This research compares the outcomes of percutaneous technique and open surgical peritoneal dialysis catheter placement in children.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, between 2010 and 2011,a total of 35 pediatric uremic patients were enrolled and randomized into two study groups. Follow up data included duration of operation (minute), duration of hospitalization (days) and onset time of peritoneal dialysis.

Heparin compared with normal saline to maintain patency of permanent double lumen hemodialysis catheters: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Heparin has long been used to prevent thrombosis in the permanent central venous hemodialysis catheters (PermCath). Other alternatives for heparin with fewer side-effects have recently been considered. We compared normal saline (0.

Supraglottic paraganglioma originated from superior laryngeal nerve.

Neurogenic tumors, especially paraganglioma of larynx, are rare. In this article, we present a 64-year-old woman who complained of intermittent dysphagia to solid foods. Further evaluation revealed a supraglottic paraganglioma and she was treated successfully by total excision of tumor.

The comparison of the complications of axillobrachial and femorofemoral arteriovenous shunt prostheses in hemodialysis, a 3 year study in Alzahra general hospital.

Background: This study was performed to compare the outcome and complications of axillobrachial and femorofemoral graft as upper and lower limb arteriovenous shunt prostheses.

Materials And Methods: In a prospective cohort study, we observed and followed-up all cases with a new insertion of ePTFE between February 2006 and February 2009. Assessment of patency and the complication rates of their prostheses were the essential parts of this observation.

Physical activity stage-matched intervention: Promoting metabolic control in type 2 diabetes.

Background: Regular physical activity has an important role in reducing cardiovascular risk factors and improving metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aims to investigate the effect of physical activity stage-matched intervention on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes patients.

Materials And Methods: An 8-week physical activity program conducted with 50 type 2 diabetes females who were physically inactive and in precontemplation, contemplation, and preparation stages of change.

Convulsive syncope as presenting symptom of carotid body tumors: Case series.

Carotid body tumor (CBT) is paraganglioma and mainly found in the carotid bifurcation. The manifestations of the tumor are variable; in most cases, it presents as a non-symptomatic slow-growing mass, rarely compression of carotid body induces bradycardia and hypotension and repeated syncope, prolonged syncope can cause convulsion. Convulsive syncope occurred in 0.

Venous thrombosis in subclavian, axillary, brachial veins with extension to internal jugular vein, right sigmoid sinus and simultaneous pulmonary embolism.

We present a rare case of Venous Thrombosis in Subclavian, Axillary, Brachial Veins with extension to Internal Jugular vein, right sigmoid sinus and simultaneous Pulmonary embolism during the treatment with low molecular weight heparin.