Background: Paeonia ostii seeds were identified as novel sources of edible plant oil with a high proportion of α-linolenic acid, a type of n-3 fatty acid with many health benefits. Due to the unreliability of seed oil content and quality, it is necessary to discover the mechanism underlying lipid biosynthesis in Paeonia ostii seeds.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the key genes involved in lipid biosynthesis in Paeonia ostii seeds by analyzing the relationship among the seed characteristics and the expression patterns of lipid genes in Paeonia ostii during seed development.