Sex differences of neural connectivity in internet gaming disorder and its association with sleep quality: an exploratory fMRI study.

Objectives: Sex-specific differences in internet gaming disorder (IGD) neurophysiology remain underexplored. Here we investigated sex-related variability in regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) in IGD and their correlations with sleep quality.

Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans were performed on 52 subjects with IGD and 50 healthy controls (HCs).

Alterations in the white matter structure of major depressive disorder patients and their link to childhood trauma.

Objectives: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is significantly influenced by childhood trauma (CT), affecting brain anatomy and functionality. Despite the unique disease trajectory in MDD patients with CT, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. Our objective is to investigate CT's impact on the white matter structure of the brain in patients with MDD.

Distinct resting-state functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex subregions in first-episode schizophrenia.

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a heterogeneous region of the brain's limbic system that regulates cognitive and emotional processing, and is frequently implicated in schizophrenia. This study aims to characterize resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) profiles of three subregions of ACC in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and healthy controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans were collected from 60 first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and 60 healthy controls (HC), and the subgenual ACC (sgACC), pregenual ACC (pgACC), and dorsal ACC (dACC) were selected as seed regions from the newest automated anatomical labeling atlas 3 (AAL3).

A comparative study of interhemispheric functional connectivity in major depression and schizophrenia.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are serious psychiatric disorders that, despite exhibiting different diagnostic criteria, exhibit significant overlap regarding the biological and clinical features of affected patients. While prior evidence has shown that interhemispheric functional connectivity (FC) is abnormal in MDD and SZ, the particular similarities and differences that unify and characterize MDD and SZ regarding these interhemispheric FC patterns remain to be characterized. This study was thus designed to conduct an in-depth analysis of MDD- and SZ-related patterns of interhemispheric FC.

Common and Distinct Functional Connectivity of the Orbitofrontal Cortex in Depression and Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia and depression are psychiatric disorders with overlapping clinical and biological features. This study aimed to identify common and distinct neuropathological mechanisms in schizophrenia and depression patients using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The study included 28 patients with depression (DEP), 29 patients with schizophrenia (SCH), and 30 healthy control subjects (HC).

Widespread Intra- and Inter-Network Dysconnectivity among Large-Scale Resting State Networks in Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is characterized by the distributed dysconnectivity of resting-state multiple brain networks. However, the abnormalities of intra- and inter-network functional connectivity (FC) in schizophrenia and its relationship to symptoms remain unknown. The aim of the present study is to compare the intra- and inter-connectivity of the intrinsic networks between a large sample of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

Preliminary findings on the effect of childhood trauma on the functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex subregions in major depressive disorder.

Objectives: Childhood trauma (CT) is a known risk factor for major depressive disorder (MDD), but the mechanisms linking CT and MDD remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of CT and depression diagnosis on the subregions of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in MDD patients.

Methods: The functional connectivity (FC) of ACC subregions was evaluated in 60 first-episode, drug-naïve MDD patients (40 with moderate-to-severe and 20 with no or low CT), and 78 healthy controls (HC) (19 with moderate-to-severe and 59 with no or low CT).

Amygdala connectivity related to subsequent stress responses during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Introduction: The amygdala plays an important role in stress responses and stress-related psychiatric disorders. It is possible that amygdala connectivity may be a neurobiological vulnerability marker for stress responses or stress-related psychiatric disorders and will be useful to precisely identify the vulnerable individuals before stress happens. However, little is known about the relationship between amygdala connectivity and subsequent stress responses.

The lack of correlation between symptoms and signs in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a secondary analysis of the multicenter, randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study was performed to investigate the association between symptoms and signs in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods: Data were obtained from 122 MGD patients who were recruited for intense pulsed light therapy from November 2017 to April 2018 and the severity of their symptoms and signs at baseline were observed and recorded. Spearman correlation analyses were performed to analyze the relationships between SPEED score and signs.

Reduced inter-hemispheric auditory and memory-related network interactions in patients with schizophrenia experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations.

Background: Inter-hemispheric disconnection is a primary pathological finding in schizophrenia. However, given the inherent complexity of this disease and its development, it remains unclear as to whether associated inter-hemispheric changes play an important role in auditory verbal hallucination (AVH) development. As such, this study was developed to explore inter-hemispheric connectivity in the context of schizophrenia with AVH while excluding positive symptoms and other factors with the potential to confound these results.

Resting-state functional connectivity of salience network in schizophrenia and depression.

To explore the salience network (SN) functional alterations in schizophrenia and depression, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 29 patients with schizophrenia (SCH), 28 patients with depression (DEP) and 30 healthy controls (HC) were obtained. The SN was derived from data-driven group independent component analysis (gICA). ANCOVA and post hoc tests were performed to discover the FC differences of SN between groups.

Automated Analysis of Choroidal Sublayer Morphologic Features in Myopic Children Using EDI-OCT by Deep Learning.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the choroidal sublayer morphologic features in emmetropic and myopic children using an automatic segmentation model, and to explore the relationship between choroidal sublayers and spherical equivalent refraction (SER).

Methods: We collected data on 92 healthy children (92 eyes) from the Ophthalmology Department of Peking University First Hospital. The data were allocated to three groups: emmetropia (+0.

The Efficacy of Intense Pulsed Light Combined With Meibomian Gland Expression for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease Due to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with Meibomian gland expression (MGX), and instant warm compresses combined with MGX, for treatment of dry eye disease (DED) due to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Methods: In a prospective, multicenter, interventional study, 120 subjects with DED due to MGD were randomized 1:1 to an IPL arm or a control arm. Each subject was treated 3 times at 3-week intervals.

A Retrospective Study of Treatment Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy Combined With Meibomian Gland Expression in Patients With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Objectives: To evaluate clinical changes after intense pulsed light and meibomian gland expression (IPL/MGX) treatment in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) patients, and to identify ideal candidates, and the therapeutic window, for IPL/MGX.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 44 MGD patients (44 eyes). The IPL/MGX treatment was applied on the eyelids three times at intervals of 4 weeks.

A study of corneal structure and biomechanical properties after collagen crosslinking with genipin in rabbit corneas.

Purpose: Aim to assess the short-term effect of genipin collagen crosslinking (G-CXL) on corneal structure and biomechanical properties compared with ultraviolet A/riboflavin collagen crosslinking (UVA-CXL) in rabbit corneas.

Methods: Right eyes of 40 healthy rabbits were divided into the 0.20% G-CXL group, 0.

The Short-Term Safety Evaluation of Corneal Crosslinking Agent-Genipin.

Background: Genipin (GP) is a safe method for corneal crosslinking, even for very thin corneas. However, there have been no reports on the optimal GP concentration range to use in vivo for corneal crosslinking.

Objectives: To investigate the safety of corneal crosslinking after a 24-h incubation with different concentrations of GP.

Long-Term Effects of Intense Pulsed Light Combined with Meibomian Gland Expression in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with meibomian gland expression (MGX) in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Background: Although IPL has been proven to be effective in the treatment of MGD, any report regarding its long-term efficacy is unavailable by now.

Methods: The randomly selected study eye received a series of three IPL treatments that were applied directly on eyelids with an interval of 4 weeks (treatment energy, 14-16 J/cm).

Prefrontal cortex dysfunction during verbal fluency task after atypicalantipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia: A near-infrared spectroscopy imaging study.

A number of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) studies in schizophrenia have shown that there is a significant dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in patients with schizophrenia, but it remains unclear how atypical antipsychotics affect the function of the PFC. To investigate the changes in brain activation patterns in schizophrenia who accepted antipsychotic treatment, we used NIRS to measure the hemodynamic changes of the PFC in patients with schizophrenia at the time of enrollment and after 4 weeks of treatment during a verbal fluency task (VFT). We included 16 schizophrenia and 17 sex- and age- matched healthy controls.

Intense Pulsed Light Applied Directly on Eyelids Combined with Meibomian Gland Expression to Treat Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) applied directly on the eyelids and meibomian gland expression (MGX) in treating meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Background: IPL application on the periocular skin effectively improves meibomian gland secretion and tear film break-up time (TBUT) in patients with MGD/dry eye.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, double-masked, controlled study involved 44 patients.

A rabbit model of corneal Ectasia generated by treatment with collagenase type II.

Background: To investigate use of collagenase type II for generating a rabbit model of corneal ectasia.

Methods: Ten New Zealand white rabbits were used with right eyes treated as the experimental group and left eyes treated as the control group. After epithelial debridement, a collagenase type II solution (200 μL of 5 mg/mL) was applied in the experimental group at room temperature (24 °C) for 30 min, and a 200 μL solution without collagenase was applied in the control group.

Analysis of Cytokine Levels in Tears and Clinical Correlations After Intense Pulsed Light Treating Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Purpose: To investigate the change from baseline of inflammatory markers in tears of dry eye disease (DED) subjects owing to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) after intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment and meibomian gland expression (MGE) compared to sham treatment, and the correlations with ocular surface parameters.

Design: Randomized, double-masked, controlled study.

Methods: Those randomized into the active treatment arm received 3 consecutive treatments (14∼16 J/cm) approximately 4 weeks apart in the periocular region.

The comparative safety of genipin versus UVA-riboflavin crosslinking of rabbit corneas.

Purpose: To investigate, after 24 h, the safety of genipin or ultraviolet A (UVA)-riboflavin crosslinking of keratocytes and endothelial cells.

Methods: Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were selected and divided into a PBS group (five rabbits), a 0.2% genipin crosslinking (GP-CXL) group (five rabbits), and a UVA-riboflavin crosslinking (UVA-CXL) group (five rabbits).

[Retrospective analysis of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid].

Objective: To analyze the clinical characterization of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP).

Methods: It was a retrospective series case study. Five consecutive patients referred for the evaluation of possible OCP from January 2005 to October 2008 in Departments of Ophthalmology and Dermatology of Peking University First Hospital.