Rapid identification of antibiotic resistance gene hosts by prescreening ARG-like reads.

Effective risk assessment and control of environmental antibiotic resistance depend on comprehensive information about antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their microbial hosts. Advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics have enabled the identification of ARG hosts using metagenome-assembled contigs and genomes. However, these approaches often suffer from information loss and require extensive computational resources.

Surface modification of high Cu-loaded activated carbon fiber adsorbent by air plasma.

The ACF adsorbent with high Cu loading was treated with dielectric barrier discharge plasma to mitigate the negative effects of high Cu loading and enhance PH and HS adsorption and oxidation. Bruno-Emmett-Taylor (BET) result showed that the specific surface area of the adsorbent after air plasma modification was almost three times that before modification. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) findings revealed that the amino group was added to the adsorbent's surface, increasing lattice oxygen and chemisorbed oxygen.

Mechanisms of GPM6A in Malignant Tumors.

Background: Glycoprotein M6A (GPM6A) encodes a transmembrane protein, expressing in large quantities on the cell surface of central nervous system (CNS) neurons. GPM6A acts importantly in neurodevelopment by modulating neuronal differentiation, migration, axon growth, synaptogenesis, and spine formation, but its role in malignancy remains controversial and requires further research. This article reviewed the mechanisms of GPM6A in colorectal cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, glioblastoma, and other malignant tumors, and made a "one-stop" summary of the relevant mechanisms.

INSIHGT: an accessible multi-scale, multi-modal 3D spatial biology platform.

Biological systems are complex, encompassing intertwined spatial, molecular and functional features. However, methodological constraints limit the completeness of information that can be extracted. Here, we report the development of INSIHGT, a non-destructive, accessible three-dimensional (3D) spatial biology method utilizing superchaotropes and host-guest chemistry to achieve homogeneous, deep penetration of macromolecular probes up to centimeter scales, providing reliable semi-quantitative signals throughout the tissue volume.

The causal effects of gut microbiota on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and T2* imaging-derived phenotypes: insights from a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Gut microbiota are associated with brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs); however, the specific causal relationship between the gut microbiota and brain iron-related IDPs remains unclear. Thus, we sought to analyze the potential causal effects of gut microbiota on brain iron-related IDPs using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods: We obtained the data of 196 gut microbiota from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the MiBioGen database, as well as the data of 18 quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) IDPs and 10 T2* IDPs from the United Kingdom Biobank (UKB).

Comprehensive analysis of differentially expressed genes in toll-like receptor signalling pathway: Insights into new-onset microscopic polyangiitis.

Objective: We aimed to elucidate the potential contributions of the toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling pathway and identify promising candidates for new-onset microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) using integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Methods: A PCR array was used to determine the expression profiles of TLR signalling-related genes in CD4T lymphocytes of individuals with new-onset MPA and healthy controls. Four genes were selected for validation through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Dayuan Yin alleviates symptoms of HCoV-229E-induced pneumonia and modulates the Ras/Raf1/MEK/ERK pathway.

Viral pneumonia is characterized by inflammation in the lungs triggered by respiratory viruses. Dayuan Yin (DYY), a traditional Chinese medicine formula known for treating infectious diseases, is hypothesized to offer therapeutic benefits in treating viral pneumonia, although its specific molecular impacts remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of DYY in mitigating HCoV-229E virus-induced pneumonia in mice.

Endothelial cells derived extracellular vesicles promote diabetic arterial calcification via circ_0008362/miR-1251-5p/Runx2 axial.

Introduction: Arterial calcification, an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, increases morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), but its mechanisms remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in intercellular communication. The study investigates the role and potential mechanisms of EVs derived from endothelial cells (ECs) in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification under high glucose (HG) condition, with a goal of developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for diabetic arterial calcification.

Selenium nanoparticles enhance the anti-tumor immune responses of anti-4-1BB antibody and alleviate the adverse effects on mice.

4-1BB agonists for cancer immunotherapy have shown good preliminary efficacy in clinical trials, but several of the first-generation 4-1BB agonistic antibodies entering the clinic have failed due to safety issues. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and immune-modulating properties. In addition, they have been shown to have detoxifying effects and prevent oxidative liver damage.

Landscape and conservation genetics of western black crested gibbons (Nomascus concolor) in China.

Despite decades of field study, very little is known about the molecular ecology of gibbons, particularly as it relates to their ability to disperse across degraded and fragmentary landscapes. The critically endangered western black crested gibbon (Nomascus concolor) has been reduced to a small, fragmented population with about 1300 individuals. In the largest population genetic study of free-ranging gibbons to date, we sampled 47 of these gibbons from 13 sites in China and generated 15 polymorphic autosomal microsatellite markers.

Visuospatial dysfunction predicts dementia-first phenoconversion in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder.

Objective: While isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) is known as a prodrome of α-synucleinopathies, the prediction for its future phenoconversion to parkinsonism-first or dementia-first subtype remains a challenge. This study aimed to investigate whether visuospatial dysfunction predicts dementia-first phenoconversion in iRBD.

Methods: Patients with iRBD and control subjects were enrolled in this prospective cohort study.

Evaluation of WHO catalog of mutations and five WGS analysis tools for drug resistance prediction of isolates from China.

The continuous advancement of molecular diagnostic techniques, particularly whole-genome sequencing (WGS), has greatly facilitated the early diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Nonetheless, the interpretation of results from various types of mutations in drug-resistant-associated genes has become the primary challenge in the field of molecular drug-resistance diagnostics. In this study, our primary objective is to evaluate the diagnosis accuracy of the World Health Organization (WHO) catalog of mutations and five WGS analysis tools (PhyResSE, Mykrobe, TB Profiler, Gen-TB, and SAM-TB) in drug resistance to 10 anti- (MTB) drugs.

Effectiveness and safety of remimazolam combined with alfentanil in hysteroscopic examination: A prospective, randomized, single-blind trial.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel, ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of remimazolam and propofol for hysteroscopic examination, to determine the optimal dose of remimazolam combined with alfentanil for painless hysteroscopy, and to calculate its median effective dose (ED50).

Methods: Step 1: A total of 208 patients undergoing hysteroscopic examination were prospectively included in this study.

Oleanolic acid inhibits the tumor progression by regulating through the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway in 4T1-induced mice breast cancer model.

The therapeutic mechanism of oleanolic acid (OA) in breast cancer has been widely reported, but little has been known about the combined effects of transcriptome and gut microbiome. In this study, the phenotypic effect of oleanolic acid on mice was tested at the end of the administration cycle, and RNA sequencing on murine tumor tissue and 16S-rRNA sequencing on intestinal contents were conducted to analyze gene expression profiles and microbial diversity between the control group and OA treated group using 4T1-induced mice breast cancer model. As a result, it has been confirmed that oleanolic acid would play a significant inhibitory effect on the development of breast tumors in mice.

Molecular mechanism of bovine Gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis.

Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death characterized by cell swelling, pore formation in the plasma membrane, lysis, and releases of cytoplasmic contents. To date, the molecular mechanism of human and murine Gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis have been fully investigated. However, studies focusing on molecular mechanism of bovine Gasdermin D (bGSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis and its function against pathogenic infection were unclear.

Risk stratification of LA-NPC during chemoradiotherapy based on clinical classification and TVRR.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between tumor volume reduction rate (TVRR) and prognosis in patients with diverse clinical types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing chemoradiotherapy, thereby aptly categorizing risks and directing the personalized treatment of NPC.

Materials And Methods: A total of 605 NPC patients with varying clinical types were enrolled in this study and subsequently segregated into six subgroups based on their clinical types and TVRR. To accentuate the efficacy of grouping, Groups 1-6 underwent clustered analysis of hazard atio (HR) values pertaining to progression-free survival (PFS), forming three risk clusters denoted as low, intermediate, and high.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Camrelizumab Plus Rivoceranib Versus Sorafenib as a First-Line Therapy for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Chinese Health Care System.

Background And Objectives: Camrelizumab plus rivoceranib showed significant clinical benefits in progression-free survival and overall survival compared to sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to assess its cost effectiveness from the perspective of Chinese health care system.

Methods: A Markov state-transition model was developed based on the Phase 3 randomized CARES-310 clinical trial data.

Metagenomics reveals the influence of small microplastics on microbial communities in coastal sediments.

The ecological impact of microplastics (MPs) in coastal environments has been widely studied. However, the influence of small microplastics in the actual environment is often overlooked due to measurement challenges. In this study, Hangzhou Bay (HZB), China, was selected as our study area.

Altered orientation dispersion index of white matter in individuals with insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study combining neuroimaging technique and Mendelian randomization.

Study Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can lead to insomnia. However, associations between COVID-19-caused insomnia and white matter (WM) changes are unclear.

Methods: All subjects had ever been infected with COVID-19.

Mycobacterial PE12 protein promotes bacterial survival through inhibiting cell apoptosis.

Mycobacterial PE_PGRS family proteins play key roles in pathogen-host interaction. However, the function of most PE_PGRS proteins remains unknown. In this study, we characterized the role of PE12 of Mycobacterium bovis (M.