Ergogenic Benefits of β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Body Composition and Muscle Strength: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.

Background: β-Hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the amino acid leucine, known for its ergogenic effects on body composition and strength. Despite these benefits, the magnitude of these effects remains unclear due to variability among studies. This umbrella review aims to synthesize meta-analyses investigating the effects of HMB on body composition and muscle strength in adults.

Enhancing leachate management with antibacterial nanocomposites incorporating plant-based carbon dots and Satureja Khuzestanica essential oils.

Landfill leachate, a complex mixture of pollutants, poses a significant environmental hazard. This study reports the synthesis and characterization of superabsorbent nanocomposites (SANs) designed for enhanced performance in waste management applications. SANs were prepared using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and sodium polyacrylate (SPA) as the main components, carbon dots (CDs) to improve absorption, and Satureja Khuzestanica essential oil (SEO) for antibacterial performance.

The Effect of Chia Seed on Blood Pressure, Body Composition, and Glycemic Control: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Context: Numerous studies have demonstrated the positive effects on metabolic factors of consuming chia seeds. However, the results of clinical trials have been inconsistent.

Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials to explore the effects of chia seed consumption on body weight (BW), body composition, blood pressure, and glycemic control.

Effect of dark chocolate/ cocoa consumption on oxidative stress and inflammation in adults: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of controlled trials.

Background: Oxidative stress and inflammation play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases. Dark chocolate (DC)/cocoa, as a rich source of polyphenols like flavonoids, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may confer health benefits, but findings in this context are inconsistent.

Objective: This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the controlled trials (CTs) that have examined the effects of DC/cocoa on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers in adults.

Preoperative CT improves the assessment of stability in trochanteric hip fractures.

Aims: To investigate if preoperative CT improves detection of unstable trochanteric hip fractures.

Methods: A single-centre prospective study was conducted. Patients aged 65 years or older with trochanteric hip fractures admitted to Stavanger University Hospital (Stavanger, Norway) were consecutively included from September 2020 to January 2022.

A Second-Generation Oral SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitor Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of COVID-19.

Despite the record-breaking discovery, development and approval of vaccines and antiviral therapeutics such as Paxlovid, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remained the fourth leading cause of death in the world and third highest in the United States in 2022. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of PF-07817883, a second-generation, orally bioavailable, SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor with improved metabolic stability versus nirmatrelvir, the antiviral component of the ritonavir-boosted therapy Paxlovid. We demonstrate the pan-human coronavirus antiviral activity and off-target selectivity profile of PF-07817883.

The efficacy of curcumin in relieving osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis of meta-analyses.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent degenerative joint diseases. Several meta-analyses have shown that curcumin could improve the function of the knee and alleviate pain in OA, while some meta-analyses demonstrate controversial results. Hence, we assessed curcumin's effects on knee OA in an umbrella meta-analysis.

Therapeutic approaches of cell therapy based on stem cells and terminally differentiated cells: Potential and effectiveness.

Cell-based therapy, as a promising regenerative medicine approach, has been a promising and effective strategy to treat or even cure various kinds of diseases and conditions. Generally, two types of cells are used in cell therapy, the first is the stem cell, and the other is a fully differentiated cell. Initially, all cells in the body are derived from stem cells.

Effect of carotenoid supplementation on blood pressure in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Context: Hypertension (HTN) is regarded as a serious public health issue throughout the world. High blood pressure (BP) may be improved by carotenoid supplementation; however, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide conflicting evidence.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of carotenoid supplementation on BP in RCTs by systematically review and meta-analysis.

Prediction of diabetes disease using an ensemble of machine learning multi-classifier models.

Background And Objective: Diabetes is a life-threatening chronic disease with a growing global prevalence, necessitating early diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe complications. Machine learning has emerged as a promising approach for diabetes diagnosis, but challenges such as limited labeled data, frequent missing values, and dataset imbalance hinder the development of accurate prediction models. Therefore, a novel framework is required to address these challenges and improve performance.

Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty with and without modified thyrohyoid suspension for obstructive sleep apnea treatment: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the efficacy of Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty + Tongue Base Radiofrequency (TB-RF) and Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty + modified thyrohyoid suspension techniques + TB-RF which aimed to suspend base of tongue muscles anteriorly toward thyroid cartilage.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was conducted on 48 cases of confirmed OSA between Jan, 2019 and Aug, 2022. We divided patients into two groups.

The effect of breastfeeding on children's growth indices up to 6 months: An application of multivariate t linear mixed model.

Background: This study aimed to determine the effect of breastfeeding on children's growth indices.

Materials And Methods: Longitudinal data of children's growth (height, weight, and head circumference) were as a dependent variable and type of nutrition as an independent variable with using multivariate t linear mixed model.

Results: The indicated that the height, weight, and head circumference of infants who were fed with breast milk showed a statistically significant difference ( < 0.

Electrophilic Si-H Activation by Acetonitrilo Benzo[h]quinoline Iridacycles: Influence of Electronic Effects in Catalysis.

The performance of six newly synthesized benzo[h]quinoline-derived acetonitrilo pentamethylcyclopentadienyl iridium(III) tetrakis(3,5-bis-trifluoromethylphenyl)borate salts bearing different substituents -X (-OMe, -H, -Cl, -Br, -NO and -(NO ) ) on the heterochelating ligand were evaluated in the dehydro-O-silylation of benzyl alcohol and the monohydrosilylation of 4-methoxybenzonitrile by Et SiH, two reactions involving the electrophilic activation of the Si-H bond. The benchmark shows a direct dependence of the catalytic efficiency with the electronic effect of -X, which is confirmed by theoretical assessment of the intrinsic silylicities Π of hydridoiridium(III)-silylium adducts and by the theoretical evaluation of the propensity of hydridospecies to transfer the hydrido ligand to the activated substrate. The revisited analysis of the Ir-Si-H interactions shows that the most cohesive bond in hydridoiridium(III)-silylium adducts is the Ir-H one, while the Ir-Si is a weak donor-acceptor dative bond.

The Interplay between Noncoding RNAs and p21 Signaling in Gastrointestinal Cancer: From Tumorigenesis to Metastasis.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in various pathological conditions, including human cancers. NcRNAs exert potentially crucial effects on cell cycle progression, proliferation, and invasion in cancer cells by targeting various cell cycle-related proteins at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. As one of the key cell cycle regulatory proteins, p21 is involved in various processes, including the cellular response to DNA damage, cell growth, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and senescence.

Simple Separate Sutures Versus Continuous Sutures on Hepatic Artery Anastomosis in Liver Transplant: A Prospective Study.

Objectives: Liver transplant is the definitive treatment for liver failure of various causes. There are various operation methods, of which the conventional approach is most frequently performed. In the conventional technique, 4 anastomoses are required, and different subtleties in these techniques are known to cause different rates of complications.

The Role of Deep Learning in Advancing Breast Cancer Detection Using Different Imaging Modalities: A Systematic Review.

Breast cancer is among the most common and fatal diseases for women, and no permanent treatment has been discovered. Thus, early detection is a crucial step to control and cure breast cancer that can save the lives of millions of women. For example, in 2020, more than 65% of breast cancer patients were diagnosed in an early stage of cancer, from which all survived.

The prevalence of Q fever in the Eastern Mediterranean region: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Q fever, caused by the bacterium, is a major zoonotic disease around the world. This disease is common in the Eastern Mediterranean region; therefore, we conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis on its prevalence in humans, animals, and ticks in the Eastern Mediterranean region.

Methods: Major Iranian and international databases were searched from 2000 to 2021.

Stability analysis with general fuzzy measure: An application to social security organizations.

An effective method for evaluating the efficiency of peer decision-making units (DMUs) is data envelope analysis (DEA). In engineering sciences and real-world management problems, uncertainty in input and output data always exists. To achieve reliable results, uncertainties must be taken into account.

Role of T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Focus on Immunometabolism Dysfunctions.

Evidence demonstrated that metabolic-associated T cell abnormalities could be detected in the early stage of RA development. In this context, molecular evaluations have revealed changes in metabolic pathways, leading to the aggressive phenotype of RA T cells. A growing list of genes is downregulated or upregulated in RA T cells, and most of these genes with abnormal expression fall into the category of metabolic pathways.

Goal directed fluid removal with furosemide versus placebo in intensive care patients with fluid overload: A trial protocol for a randomised, blinded trial (GODIF trial).

Background: Fluid overload is a risk factor for mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Administration of loop diuretics is the predominant treatment of fluid overload, but evidence for its benefit is very uncertain when assessed in a systematic review of randomised clinical trials. The GODIF trial will assess the benefits and harms of goal directed fluid removal with furosemide versus placebo in ICU patients with fluid overload.

Albendazole ameliorates inflammatory response in a rat model of acute mesenteric ischemia reperfusion injury.

Background: Acute mesenteric ischemia is known as a life threatening condition. Re-establishment of blood flow in this condition can lead to mesenteric ischemia reperfusion (MIR) injury which is accompanied by inflammatory response. Still, clear blueprint of inflammatory mechanism underlying MIR injury has not been provided.

Developing a bi-objective resilience relief logistic considering operational and disruption risks: a post-earthquake case study in Iran.

Today, according to the occurrence of numerous disasters in allover over the world, designing the proper and comprehensive plan for relief logistics has received a lot of attention from crisis managers and people. Besides, considering resilience capability along with operational and disruption risks leads to the robustness of the humanitarian relief chain (HRC), and this comprehensive framework ensures the essential supplies delivery to the beneficiaries and is close to real-world problems. The resilience parameters used for the second objective are obtained by a strong Best Worst Method (BWM).

Effect of supplementation with Chlorella vulgaris on lipid profile in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To summarize available findings on the effect of Chlorella vulgaris supplementation on lipid profile in adults.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Setting: This study followed 2020 PRISMA guideline.