The optimum cut-off value of contralateral testis size in the prediction of monorchidism in children with nonpalpable testis: A systematic review.

Background: Contralateral Testis Hypertrophy (CTH) is a clinical marker that could be used to guide the choice of the main surgical strategy. In patients with a Non-palpable Testis (NPT), the degree of CTH as measured by testicular length or volume has been shown to be able to predict whether the undescended testis will survive.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish the proper cut-off for identifying non-viable testes based on the current literature.

Protective effect of Eprosartan against ischemic acute renal injury: Acting on NF-κB, caspase 3, and Sirtuin 1.

Kidney ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring frequently under major surgeries and sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Eprosartan, an angiotensin II receptor type-1 (AT-1) antagonist, on the kidney I/R rat model. Male Wistar rats (n = 24) were allocated into (i) Sham, (ii) Eprosartan, (iii) I/R, and (iv) Eprosartan + I/R groups.

Chronological perspective of substitute materials used for the surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease: A scoping review of literature.

This comprehensive scoping review aimed to identify all up-to-date original publications relating to substitute materials used for the surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease (PD), and characterize what material in which chronological trends were published in the current literature. Using the PCC framework (P: population, C: concept, and C: context), a search strategy was developed and used in four electronic databases, in addition to the Google scholar. All current published, in-press, and pre-print manuscripts with available English full-text were included.

COVID-19 outbreak and the impact on renal disorders: A rapid review.

In this rapid review, we aimed to evaluate the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on renal functions and mortality of patients with kidney diseases. We searched MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, UpToDate, and TRIP databases using the following keywords: COVID-19, COVID19, 2019-nCoV, 2019-CoV, coronavirus, SARS-nCoV-2, urology, cancer, bladder, prostate, kidney, trauma, stone, neurogenic, and reconstructive. The initial search resulted in 495 records.

Characteristics of Traumatic Urogenital Injuries in Emergency Department; a 10-year Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Urogenital system injuries (UGIs) are seen in 10% of adult cases with multiple trauma. Although UGIs are rarely life threatening, they can cause major long-term morbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of traumatic UGIs in patients who were referred to emergency department following multiple traumas.

Impact of transcutaneous interferential electrical stimulation for management of primary bladder neck dysfunction in children.

Introduction: Several studies have revealed that electrical stimulation is an effective modality for treatment of lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction via raising the capacity or compliance of the bladder or maybe by pelvic floor relaxation and reducing detrusor pressure as well.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of transcutaneous interferential (IF) electrical stimulation on LUT symptoms as well as urine flow parameters in children with primary bladder neck dysfunction (PBND).

Study Design: We reviewed the charts of all children with persistent LUT symptoms who underwent IF electrical stimulation between 2010 and 2017.

Multivalent calix[4]arene-based fluorescent sensor for detecting silver ions in aqueous media and physiological environment.

A new derivative of dipodal 1,3-calix[4]arene-based chemosensor (R), which was containing several binding sites have been synthesized and characterized by NMR, IR and LC-MS spectroscopic methods. The selectivity of Rhas been investigated in aqueous methanol, resulting in fluorescence shift and selective recognition of Ag among 20 various alkali, alkaline earth and transition metal ions. Microstructural features of R and its complex with Aghave been investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).

New ZnO nanostructures as non-enzymatic glucose biosensors.

In a new approach, shape controlled synthesis of zinc oxide nanostructures were carried out using a solvothermal route assisted amino acids such as L-Lysine (lysine), L-Cysteine (cysteine) and L-Arginine (arginine) as bifunctional species with (or without) urea or oxalic acid as additives which affect the pH of the reaction. Rod, powder, particle, cube, rock candy-like, sheet, sphere, brain-like, groundnut-like and pussy willow-like morphologies were obtained through the synthetic route. Particle sizes varied from 25 nm to4 μm.

Diode laser ablation of prostate and channel transurethral resection of prostate in patients with prostate cancer and bladder outlet obstruction symptoms.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of diode laser ablation of prostate for treating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer and comparing results with palli­ative transurethral resection of prostate (pTURP).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six known cases of locally advanced prostate cancer with a maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) of 12 mL per second or less and an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 20 or more were included in this study. Patients were randomized into two groups.

Blind versus fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Due to the negative impact of radiation on the patient and the surgical team during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), we aimed to evaluate success rate and complications of blind access for PCNL using lumbar notch landmark and compare with conventional fluoroscopy-guided access.

Materials And Methods: In a clinical trial, 100 patients who were candidate for PCNL, were randomly assigned into blind group (1) and fluoroscopy-guided group (2). In group 1 the lumbar notch was used to guide percutaneous access and in group 2 fluoroscopy performed after needle insertion, Amplatz placement and at the end of surgery.

Ultrasonography-guided PNL in comparison with laparoscopic ureterolithotomy in the management of large proximal ureteral stone.

Purpose: The aim of study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of PNL in comparison with laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (LUL) in proximal ureteral stones larger than 1 cm.

Materials And Methods: A total of 80 patients who were candidates for treatment of large ureteral stones in our urology center were enrolled in the study between September 2004 and September 2008. By using patient randomization, they were assigned into two forty-patient groups (PNL and LUL).

Effects of surgical position on patients' arterial blood gases during percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Purpose: To compare arterial blood gas analysis of patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in flank position under ultrasonography guidance with PCNL in prone and supine positions under fluoroscopic guidance.

Materials And Methods: In a clinical trial, a total of 90 patients with no upper urinary tract abnormalities were candidate for the PCNL. They were assigned into three groups using pseudorandomization method (30 patients in each group).

A study on comparative outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in prone, supine, and flank positions.

Purpose: To compare percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) safety and efficacy in prone, supine, and flank positions.

Methods: A total number of 150 candidates for PCNL were randomly assigned into prone, supine, and flank groups. Patients in groups 1 and 2 underwent fluoroscopy-guided PCNL in prone and supine positions, respectively, while patients in group 3 underwent ultrasonography-guided PCNL in lateral position.

Is it necessary to place a Double J catheter after laparoscopic ureterolithotomy? A four-year experience.

Purpose: To assess the necessity of placing a ureteral stent after transperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy (TPLU).

Patients And Methods: In the period from May 2006 to November 2010, 46 patients underwent TPLU. There were 13 females and 33 males.

Urodynamic findings in young men with chronic lower urinary tract symptoms.

Aim: To assess frequency of urodynamic abnormalities in young men with chronic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Materials And Methods: We assessed 456 men (18-40 years old) with chronic LUTS. Those with the history of urogenital malignancies, neurological disease, urethral stricture or trauma, acute UTI, congenital urological disease, and diabetes mellitus were excluded.

Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the flank position versus fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the prone position: a comparative study.

Background And Purpose: Gaining access to the pyelocaliceal system in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is routinely performed using fluoroscopic guidance with the patient in a prone position. We compared ultrasonography-guided access for PCNL with the patient in the flank position with conventional fluoroscopy-guided access.

Patients And Methods: A total of 60 patients were randomly separated into two 30-patient groups--namely, ultrasonography-guided access with the patient in the flank position as group 1, and fluoroscopy-guided access with the patient in the prone position as group 2.

Desmopressin as an alternative solution for urinary leakage after ureterocaliceal surgeries.

Introduction: Persistent urine leakage is common following iatrogenic urinary collecting system injuries. Management of a urine leak usually includes manipulations such as catheter drainage, ureteral stenting, and percutaneous nephrostomy placement. The aim of this study was investigation the potential beneficial effect of desmopressin in reduction of urinary leakage duration.