Determination of the most appropriate fertilizing method for apple trees using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches.

Appropriate tree fertilization with essential nutrients is considered as one of the major factors in enhancing the quality and quantity of horticultural crops. The most efficient way to fertilize trees is to dig holes around the trunks and fill them with appropriate chemical and organic fertilizer. Doing this operation with mechanized methods reduces costs and increases productivity compared to traditional methods.

Application of classic and soft computing for modeling yield and environmental final impact in vegetable production (a case study: transplanting onion in Isfahan province, Iran).

This study aimed to develop a precision model between inputs and yield, and also between inputs (indirect emissions) and environmental final index (EFI) in onion farms through regression models (classic computing) and artificial intelligence models (soft computing). Required data were collected through direct measurement and questionnaire. To this end, 85 and 70 questionnaires were distributed among onion farmers in Fereydan and Falavarjan regions (Isfahan province, center of Iran), respectively.

Integration of life cycle assessment (LCA) and modeling methods in investigating the yield and environmental emissions final score (EEFS) of carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) farms.

This study was conducted to investigate and predict the yield and environmental emissions final score (EEFS) of common carp fish farms in Shushtar county of Khuzestan province. The required data was collected from 115 carp fish farms selected by random sampling using face-to-face questionnaire and interview. The total input energy, the yield, and energy ratio were obtained as 293,127.

Life cycle environmental impacts of saffron production in Iran.

Saffron is regarded as an important crop in Iranian agricultural economics that needs to be investigated to produce the environmentally friendlier product. In the present study, saffron production as an important agricultural production system in Iran was evaluated thoroughly from an environmental point of view. Data were collected from saffron farmers in Southern Khorasan province of the country with face-to-face questionnaire method during cropping period of 2013-2014.