Prevalence and Predictive Factors of Rhabdomyolysis in COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: The aim of the present prospective observational study was to demonstrate the prevalence and predictive factors of rhabdomyolysis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Methods: The study was performed on reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to the emergency department between March 2020 and March 2021. Peak creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels were used to define rhabdomyolysis.

NEXUS vs. Canadian C-Spine Rule (CCR) in Predicting Cervical Spine Injuries; a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Clinical decision tools have been shown to reduce imaging rates for clearance of suspected cervical spine injury (CSI). This review provides more comprehensive evidence on the diagnostic capabilities of National Emergency X-Radiography Utilization Study (NEXUS) and Canadian C-spine rule (CCR) in this regard.

Method: A systematic review of the current literature was performed on studies published until Jan 26, 2023, in databases of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, investigating the performance of NEXUS and CCR in blunt trauma patients.

Ultra-early Spinal Decompression Surgery Can Improve Neurological Outcome of Complete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury; a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction: Early decompression within the first 24 hours after spinal cord injury (SCI) is proposed in current guidelines. However, the possible benefits of earlier decompression are unclear. Thus, the present meta-analysis aims to investigate the existing evidence regarding the efficacy of ultra-early decompression surgery (within 12 hours after SCI) in improving patients' neurological status.

The Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase in Predicting Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure; a Narrative Review.

Introduction: Determining the diagnostic value of available biomarkers in predicting rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a priority. This study aimed to review the current evidence about the value of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in this regard.

Methods: In this narrative review, the papers in PubMed, Embase, and web of science were studied.

Corticosteroids on the Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: We aimed to examine the available evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids on the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV).

Method: An extensive search was conducted in Medline, Embase, and Central databases until the end of March 2020, using keywords related to corticosteroids, COVID-19, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The main outcome was considered to be the mortality rate, length of stay, virus clearance time, symptom improvement, and lung function improvement.

Characteristics and Outcome of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Emregncy Department; a 10-year Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA, triple A) is one of the less common but important causes of abdominal pain. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and outcome of patients presenting to emergency department with triple A.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, all cases with confirmed triple A, who were presented to the emergency department of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran from 2006 to 2017 (10 years) were enrolled using census sampling method.

Prevalence of Depression and Personality Disorders in the Beginning and End of Emergency Medicine Residency Program; a Prospective Cross Sectional Study.

Introduction: Emergency medicine physicians are constantly under psychological trauma due to encountering critically ill patients, mortality, and violence, which can negatively affect their mental and physical health. The present study was performed with the aim of determining the rate of depression and personality disorders in first-year emergency medicine residents and comparing it with the time they reach the 3rd year.

Methods: In the present prospective cross-sectional study, emergency medicine residents working in multiple teaching hospitals were included via census method and evaluated regarding the rate of depression and personality disorders using the standard MMPI-2 questionnaire upon admission to the program and graduation and their status regarding the evaluated disorders were compared between the 2 phases of evaluation.

Trends of Serum Electrolyte Changes in Crush syndrome patients of Bam Earthquake; a Cross sectional Study.

Introduction: Electrolyte imbalances are very common among crushed earthquake victims but there is not enough data regarding their trend of changes. The present study was designed to evaluate the trend of changes in sodium, calcium, and phosphorus ions among crush syndrome patients.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, using the database of Bam earthquake victims, which was developed by Iranian Society of Nephrology following Bam earthquake, Iran, 2003, the 10-day trend of sodium, calcium, and phosphorus ions changes in > 15 years old crush syndrome patients was evaluated.

Comparison of different risk stratification systems in predicting short-term serious outcome of syncope patients.

Background: Determining etiologic causes and prognosis can significantly improve management of syncope patients. The present study aimed to compare the values of San Francisco, Osservatorio Epidemiologico sulla Sincope nel Lazio (OESIL), Boston, and Risk Stratification of Syncope in the Emergency Department (ROSE) score clinical decision rules in predicting the short-term serious outcome of syncope patients.

Materials And Methods: The present diagnostic accuracy study with 1-week follow-up was designed to evaluate the predictive values of the four mentioned clinical decision rules.

Validation of CRASH Model in Prediction of 14-day Mortality and 6-month Unfavorable Outcome of Head Trauma Patients.

Introduction: To date, many prognostic models have been proposed to predict the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injuries. External validation of these models in different populations is of great importance for their generalization. The present study was designed, aiming to determine the value of CRASH prognostic model in prediction of 14-day mortality (14-DM) and 6-month unfavorable outcome (6-MUO) of patients with traumatic brain injury.

A Systematic Review of Iranian Experiences in Seismo-Nephrology.

Context: Crush syndrome and its potentially life-threatening complications, such as acute kidney injury (AKI), are one of the most important medical problems of disaster victims. However, today, many unanswered questions abound about the potential risk factors of crush syndrome, predictive factors of AKI, proper amount of prophylactic hydration therapy, type of fluid, time of continuing fluid, intravenous versus oral hydration, etc. Therefore, this study was designed to review the findings on Iranian nephrologist experiences in diagnosis and management of traumatic rhabdomyolysis following the last two strong earthquakes of Bam (2003) and Manjil-Rudbar (1990).

The Role of Scoring Systems and Urine Dipstick in Prediction of Rhabdomyolysis-induced Acute Kidney Injury: a Systematic Review.

Introduction: During the past decade, using serum biomarkers and clinical decision rules for early prediction of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) has received much attention from researchers. This study aimed to broadly review the value of scoring systems and urine dipstick in prediction of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI.

Materials And Methods: The study was designed based on the guidelines of the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement.

The value of serum creatine kinase in predicting the risk of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Identifying the potential effective factors of rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is of major importance for both treatment and logistic concerns. The present study aimed to evaluate the value of creatine kinase (CK) in predicting the risk of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI through meta-analysis.

Methods: Two reviewers searched the electronic databases of Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Scopus, and Google Scholar.

Comparing the interpretation of traumatic chest x-ray by emergency medicine specialists and radiologists.

Background: Discrepancy between X-ray readings of emergency physicians (EPs) versus radiologists was reported between 0.95% and 16.8% in different studies.

Clinical decision rule to prevent unnecessary chest X-ray in patients with blunt multiple traumas.

Background: Since the diagnostic yield of chest X-ray (CXR) is not high enough, when it is ordered for all the multiple trauma patients, this study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between clinical and CXR findings in order to formulate a clinical decision rule to prevent unnecessary CXR in these patients.

Methods: Stable multiple blunt trauma patients referring to the ED were included. The clinical and radiographic findings of all the patients were collected and the relationships between these variables analysed.

Comparison of intertrochanteric fracture fixation with dynamic hip screw and bipolar hemiarthroplasty techniques.

Background: At present, there is no consensus on an appropriate treatment modality for intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly with background diseases. The aim of the present study was to compare treatment outcomes of intertrochanteric fractures reduced with dynamic hip screws (DHS) and bipolar hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with background medical conditions.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with intertrochanteric fractures, who were 45-60 years old, were randomly divided into DHS and bipolar groups.

An Audit of Emergency Department Accreditation Based on Joint Commission International Standards (JCI).

Introduction: Despite thousands of years from creation of medical knowledge, it not much passes from founding the health care systems. Accreditation is an effective mechanism for performance evaluation, quality enhancement, and the safety of health care systems. This study was conducted to assess the results of emergency department (ED) accreditation in Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran, 2013 in terms of domesticated standards of joint commission international (JCI) standards.

Knowledge of Emergency Medicine Residents in Relation to Prevention of Tetanus.

Introduction: Knowledge of emergency medicine residents about the management of patients suspected of having tetanus-favoring wounds is very important due to their responsibility for the treatment of such patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate this knowledge and making sure of the adequacy of instructions they have received in relation to prevention of tetanus.

Methods: A reliable and reproducible questionnaire was used to evaluate knowledge of all the emergency medicine residents in Imam Hussein Hospital in Tehran, Iran, about conditions favoring tetanus (9 questions) and proper interventions in such conditions (12 questions).

The Risk of Venous Thromboembolism with Different Generation of Oral Contraceptives; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Oral contraceptives (OCs) are considered as one of the most common risk factor of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in childbearing age. Some of the recent researches indicate that the odds of VTE may be even higher with newer generations of OCs. The present meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the effect of different generation of OCs on the occurrence of VTE.

Hypokalemia-induced abnormal movements: case report.

Introduction: A sudden loss of consciousness followed by abnormal movements can be ictal or syncopal in origin. Transient response by the brain to sudden decrease of blood flow may cause sudden loss of consciousness followed by abnormal movements that mimic seizure. Dysrhythmia is one of the important and critical reasons of such events that should be differentiated from seizure.

Interpretation of Computed Tomography of the Head: Emergency Physicians versus Radiologists.

Background: Many patients are brought to crowded emergency departments (ED) of hospitals every day for evaluation of head injuries, headaches, neurologic deficits etc. CT scan of the head is the most common diagnostic measure used to search for pathologies. In many EDs the initial interpretation of images are performed by emergency physicians (EP).

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome as the first presentation of chronic kidney disease.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a clinicoradiologic syndrome characterized by seizure, headache, nausea, vomiting, altered mental status, visual disturbance, or visual loss, together with radiologic findings. Herein we reported a patient who was a 27-year-old foreign workman brought to the emergency ward with blurred vision in both eyes, neck pain, somnolence, and altered mental status. He had no known medical or family history.

Emergency Department Performance Indexes Before and After Establishment of Emergency Medicine.

Introduction: Emergency department performance index (EPI) greatly influences the function of other hospital's units and patient satisfaction. Recently, the Iranian Ministry of Health has defined specific national EPI containing five indexes. In the present study the performance indexes of emergency department (ED) in one educational hospital has been assessed before and after establishment of emergency medicine.

Utilization of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Method in Increasing the Revenue of Emergency Department; a Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: The balance between revenue and cost of an organization/system is essential to maintain its survival and quality of services. Emergency departments (ED) are one of the most important parts of health care delivery system. Financial discipline of EDs, by increasing the efficiency and profitability, can directly affect the quality of care and subsequently patient satisfaction.