Potential Role of Local Estrogen in Enhancement of Fracture Healing: Preclinical Study in Rabbits.

Background: Effects of estrogen on bone metabolism and its protective role on prevention of osteoporosis are well documented. However, the efficacy of estrogen treatment on bone healing is not well investigated. The drug can be delivered both systemically or locally to the bone with differences in concentrations and side effects.

Bilateral Simultaneous Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Patient-Matched Retrospective Observational Study.

Bilateral total knee arthroplasty can be performed either as a staged or simultaneous procedure. We conducted a retrospective comparative study to compare the need for transfusion, the length of procedure, the length of stay, and complications of bilateral simultaneous knee arthroplasty with those of unilateral knee arthroplasty. Sixty-nine patients who underwent bilateral simultaneous knee arthroplasty procedures were compared with a matched control group of 69 patients who underwent unilateral knee arthroplasty.

A Novel Minimally Invasive Technique for Treatment of Unicameral Bone Cysts.

Management of unicameral bone cysts (UBC) remain controversial. These cysts seldom heal spontaneously or even after pathological fracture. Sometimes these cysts can be very large and incredibly troublesome to the patient.

Bite injuries to the hand - review of the literature.

Patients presenting to the emergency department with bite injuries to the hand sustain them through a number of causes including domesticated as well as stray animal bites, and human bites commonly sustained as a result of violence. The nature of the injuries sustained can be very deceptive. A small tooth mark on the exterior can be a fulminant infection in the tissues deeper down.

State of the art regarding the management of multiligamentous injuries of the knee.

Multiligamentous knee injuries are rare but serious injuries that can threaten limb viability. As such, they require careful management to give patients the best chance of immediate and ultimate functional recovery. However, as these injuries are rare, there is paucity in prospective comparative studies large enough to provide high level evidence for best practice.

The pathophysiology, diagnosis and current management of acute compartment syndrome.

Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a surgical emergency warranting prompt evaluation and treatment. It can occur with any elevation in interstitial pressure in a closed osseo-fascial compartment. Resultant ischaemic damage may be irreversible within six hours and can result in long-term morbidity and even death.

Fixation of olecranon fractures and osteotomies using compression screws: a simple solution to a common problem. A study of cases.

Olecranon fractures are common skeletal injuries accounting for approximately 10% of upper extremity fractures in adults. Simple non-comminuted fractures are traditionally fixed using the tension band wiring technique. This technique, however, has several complications, most commonly prominence of the metalwork frequently requiring surgery for removal.

Early complications of surgery in operative treatment of ankle fractures in those over 60: a review of 186 cases.

Introduction: Ankle fractures are among the most common injuries of the lower extremity encountered by orthopaedic surgeons. With increasing population age and osteoporosis, the prevalence of these fractures is expected to increase. The aim of this study was to evaluate complications and the need for revision surgery after the surgical treatment of ankle fractures in patients over 60 years of age.

Dynesys dynamic stabilization: less good outcome than lumbar fusion at 4-year follow-up.

Dynamic semirigid stabilization of the lumbar spine was introduced in 1994 in an attempt to overcome the drawbacks of fusion. It is supposed to preserve motion at the treated levels, while avoiding hypermobility and thus spondylosis at the adjacent levels. Although the early reports showed promising results, the long term effects are still debated.

Evaluation of the posterior tibial slope on MR images in different population groups using the tibial proximal anatomical axis.

We measured the posterior tibial slope for the medial and lateral tibial plateau separately in MR images of 143 knees (71 women, 72 men) and compared the measurements between genders and different ethnic groups. For the whole population the mean medial slope was 5.7 degrees and the mean lateral slope 5.

A systematic review of tissue engineered meniscus and replacement strategies: preclinical models.

Meniscal injuries are among the common sports injuries and their natural healing is limited. Removal of injured meniscus impairs normal knee function and predisposes patients to osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering and replacement strategies provide a novel approach for the treatment of severe meniscus injury.

A systematic review of tissue engineered meniscus: cell-based preclinical models.

Meniscal injuries are one of the common sports injuries and their natural healing is limited. Removal of injured meniscus alters knee biomechanics and predisposes patients to osteoarthritis. Tissue engineered meniscus provides a novel approach for the treatment of severe meniscus injury.

Biomaterials and scaffolds in bone and musculoskeletal engineering.

In orthopaedic tissue engineering, scaffolds may be viewed as a substitute for the extra-cellular matrix. Factors that contribute to an ideal scaffold include strength, degradation rate, porosity, surface property and immune response.Scaffolds may be composed of natural or synthetic polymers, each with its advantages and disadvantages.

Efficacy of corticosteroid injection versus size of plantar interdigital neuroma.

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to assess the effectiveness of a single ultrasound-guided steroid injection in the treatment of Morton's neuromas and whether the response to injection correlates with the size of the neuroma.

Methods: Forty-three patients with clinical features of Morton's neuroma underwent ultrasound scan assessment. Once the lesion was confirmed in the relevant web space, a single corticosteroid injection was given using 40 mg of methylprednisolone along with 1% lidocaine.

Successful fixation of an intertrochanteric fracture after hip resurfacing arthroplasty using cannulated screws.

We report a case of successful treatment of a high, stable intertrochanteric fracture (type 1) in a 59-year-old man. He sustained the injury 8 years after the resurfacing procedure. The fracture was fixed using three 6.