Design and Performance of a Soft-Landing Instrument for Fragment Ion Deposition.

We report the development of a new high-flux electrospray ionization-based instrument for soft landing of mass-selected fragment ions onto surfaces. Collision-induced dissociation is performed in a collision cell positioned after the dual electrodynamic ion funnel assembly. The high duty cycle of the instrument enables high-coverage deposition of mass-selected fragment ions onto surfaces at a defined kinetic energy.

Anion-Anion Chemistry with Mass-Selected Molecular Fragments on Surfaces.

While reactions between ions and neutral molecules in the gas phase have been studied extensively, reactions between molecular ions of same polarity remain relatively unexplored. Herein we show that reactions between fragment ions generated in the gas phase and molecular ions of the same polarity are possible by soft-landing of both reagents on surfaces. The reactive [B I ] anion was deposited on a surface layer built up by landing the generally unreactive [B I ] .

Serotonergic antidepressants and hospitalization for bleeding in patients supported with a continuous flow left ventricular assist device.

Background: Continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (CF -LVAD) improve survival in patients with advanced heart failure, but confer risk of bleeding complications. Serotonergic antidepressants (SA) are commonly used in heart failure patients receiving LVADs, but their inhibitory effect on platelet function may contribute to bleeding risk.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of LVAD patients at our institution from 2016 -2019 comparing patients treated with SA after LVAD to those without SA.

Color- and motion-specific units in the tectum opticum of goldfish.

Extracellular recordings were performed from 69 units at different depths between 50 and [Formula: see text]m below the surface of tectum opticum in goldfish. Using large field stimuli (86[Formula: see text] visual angle) of 21 colored HKS-papers we were able to record from 54 color-sensitive units. The colored papers were presented for 5[Formula: see text]s each.

Argatroban administration reduces leukocyte adhesion and improves capillary perfusion within the intestinal microcirculation in experimental sepsis.

Co-activation of pro-coagulatory pathways in sepsis may result in disseminated intravascular coagulation and contributes to microvascular dysfunction. We investigated the effects of the direct thrombin inhibitor, argatroban (ARG), on the sepsis-induced impairment of the intestinal microcirculation (capillary perfusion, leukocyte adhesion) and the vascular contractility in rats. Forty male Lewis rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: sham surgery (SHAM), experimental sepsis (colon ascendens stent peritonitis--CASP), CASP+ARG, and SHAM+ARG.

Temporal resolution and temporal transfer properties: gabaergic and cholinergic mechanisms.

Temporal resolution is a basic property of the visual system and critically depends upon retinal temporal coding properties which are also of importance for directional coding. Whether the temporal coding properties for directional coding derive form inherent properties or critically depend upon the temporal coding mechanisms is unclear. Here, the influence of acetylcholine and GABA upon photopic temporal coding was investigated in goldfish, using flicker stimuli, in a behavioral and an electrophysiological (ERG) approach.

Dopaminergic modulation of photopic temporal transfer properties in goldfish retina investigated with the ERG.

The influence of dopamine (DA) through either D1- or D2-dopamine receptors (D1-/D2-R) onto temporal transfer properties of the retina has been investigated using the ERG. Single flash responses and flicker responses were measured in the vitreous under photopic illumination conditions after application of either D1-/D2-R agonists or antagonists. All DA-R drugs did change the single flash responses, but only blockade of D2-R or activation of D1-R also changed the temporal transfer properties.

Descending connections from the brainstem to the spinal cord in the electric fish Eigenmannia. Quantitative description based on retrograde horseradish peroxidase and fluorescent-dye transport.

The descending connections from the brainstem to the spinal cord in Eigenmannia sp. were demonstrated using the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique. The spinal cord was transected and HRP crystals were deposited in the cut.

Cerebellar influence on the time structure of movement in the electric fish Eigenmannia.

To determine how cerebellar activity influences motor co-ordination, a simple motor act of an electric fish, Eigenmannia spp, was studied. Whenever the fish encounters an object of conductivity different from water, it bends the caudal two-thirds of its body towards the object. This behavior, called "probing", was analysed in the normal fish and in fish with a small cerebellar lesion.