Factors Associated With Recurrent Pediatric Firearm Injury : A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

Background: Firearm injuries are the leading cause of death among children aged 0 to 17 years in the United States.

Objective: To examine the factors associated with recurrent firearm injury among children who presented with acute (index) nonfatal firearm injury in the St. Louis region.

Characterizing Pediatric Patients at Risk for Violence-Related Injuries at a Trauma Center in the Midwest United States.

Introduction: Hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs) have emerged nationwide to help address the societal and economic costs of violence. Little literature exists regarding selecting those patients most likely to benefit from intensive case management. The study aims to describe the pediatric patient population presenting at a Level 1 ACS trauma center with a chief complaint of violent trauma and identify the characteristics of patients most at risk.

Mental health care use and quality among Medicaid adults with serious mental illness receiving care at Federally Qualified Health Centers vs. other settings.

Background: Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are a critical source of care for medically underserved populations and often serve as medical homes for individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). Many FQHCs provide mental health services and could facilitate access to mental health treatment within and outside of FQHCs. This study compared mental health care utilization and acute care events for adult Medicaid enrollees with SMI who receive care at Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) vs.

Trends in cancer incidence by socioeconomic deprivation in Germany in 2007 to 2018: An ecological registry-based study.

Age-standardized cancer incidence has decreased over the last years for many cancer sites in developed countries. Whether these trends led to narrowing or widening socioeconomic inequalities in cancer incidence is unknown. Using cancer registry data covering 48 million inhabitants in Germany, the ecological association between age-standardized total and site specific (colorectal, lung, prostate and breast) cancer incidence in 2007 to 2018 and a deprivation index on district level (aggregated to quintiles) was investigated.

Health Economic Research Assessing the Value of Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most prominent cause of death worldwide and has a major impact on healthcare budgets. While early detection strategies may reduce the overall CVD burden through earlier treatment, it is unclear which strategies are (most) efficient.

Aim: This systematic review reports on the cost effectiveness of recent early detection strategies for CVD in adult populations at risk.

Routine practice data of three cancer entities: Comparison among cancer registry and health insurance data.

Introduction: Claims data and cancer registry data are valuable secondary data sources for addressing health service research questions. This study provides a thorough insight into the comparability of data from health insurance companies and cancer registries in Germany regarding breast, prostate, and lung cancer patients and their treatment.

Methods: For this study claims data of the InGef database and data of the Cancer Registry of Rhineland-Palatinate were used to identify patients living in Rhineland-Palatinate with an incident breast, prostate, or lung cancer diagnosis between Jan.

Population-Based Screening Using Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography: A Systematic Review of Health Economic Evaluations.

Background: Chest low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is a promising technology for population-based screening because it is non-invasive, relatively inexpensive, associated with low radiation and highly sensitive to lung cancer. To improve the cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening, simultaneous screening for other diseases could be considered. This systematic review was conducted to analyse studies that published evidence on the cost-effectiveness of chest LDCT screening programs for different diseases.

Acute Gastric Dilatation Complicated by Necrosis and Perforation Following a Binge Eating Episode.

Acute gastric dilatation is a rare entity limited to case reports in the literature. It is characterized by significant distention of the stomach beyond physiologic parameters. The sequelae of this phenomenon are life-threating, as it can lead to gastric perforation.

Geographic access to federally qualified health centers before and after the affordable care act.

Background: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) increased funding for Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs). We defined FQHC service areas based on patient use and examined the characteristics of areas that gained FQHC access post-ACA.

Methods: We defined FQHC service areas using total patient counts by ZIP code from the Uniform Data System (UDS) and compared this approach with existing methods.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody Distribution to High-risk Medicare Beneficiaries, 2020-2021.

This study assesses how a limited supply of monoclonal antibody therapy was allocated to patients at highest risk of severe disease among a population of fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with a new COVID-19 diagnosis or confirmed exposure between November 2020 and August 2021.

Can we increase efficiency of CT lung cancer screening by combining with CVD and COPD screening? Results of an early economic evaluation.

Objectives: Estimating the maximum acceptable cost (MAC) per screened individual for low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer (LC) screening, and determining the effect of additionally screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), or both on the MAC.

Methods: A model-based early health technology assessment (HTA) was conducted to estimate whether a new intervention could be cost-effective by calculating the MAC at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) of €20k/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) and €80k/QALY, for a population of current and former smokers, aged 50-75 years in The Netherlands. The MAC was estimated based on incremental QALYs gained from a stage shift assuming screened individuals are detected in earlier disease stages.

Antibiotic-Induced Changes in Microbiome-Related Metabolites and Bile Acids in Rat Plasma.

Various environmental factors can alter the gut microbiome's composition and functionality, and modulate host health. In this study, the effects of oral and parenteral administration of two poorly bioavailable antibiotics (i.e.

Bike helmets prevent pediatric head injury in serious bicycle crashes with motor vehicles.

Background: Approximately 75% of all bicycle-related mortality is secondary to head injuries, 85% of which could have been prevented by wearing a bicycle helmet. Younger children appear to be at greater risk than adults, yet helmet use is low despite this risk and legislation and ordinances requiring helmet use among younger riders. We sought to determine whether bicycle helmets are associated with the incidence and severity of head injury among pediatric bicyclists involved in a bicycle crash involving a motor vehicle.

Minimally invasive surgery for pediatric renal tumors: A systematic review by the APSA Cancer Committee.

Unlabelled: Minimally invasive nephrectomy is performed routinely for adult renal tumors and for many benign pediatric conditions. Although open radical nephroureterectomy remains the standard of care for Wilms tumor and most pediatric renal malignancies, there are an increasing number of reports of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for those operations as well. The APSA Cancer Committee performed a systematic review to better understand the risks and benefits of MIS in pediatric patients with renal tumors.

Characteristics and outcomes of extracorporeal life support in pediatric trauma patients.

Background: Extracorporeal life support utilizing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) techniques has been used in the pediatric population for numerous indications, but its use in trauma has been understudied. We sought to examine the indications, characteristics, and outcomes of children placed on ECMO for trauma and hypothesized that outcomes would be equivalent to those of patients placed on ECMO for other indications.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all pediatric trauma patients in the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry from 1989 to 2018.

The Use of Telehealth in School-Based Health Centers.

Telehealth is a growing model of delivering health care. School-based health centers (SBHCs) provide access to health care for youth in schools and increasingly use telehealth in care delivery. This article examines the recent growth of telehealth use in SBHCs, and characteristics of SBHCs using telehealth, including provider types, operational characteristics, and schools and students served.

Twenty Years Of School-Based Health Care Growth And Expansion.

Youth in underserved communities lack access to consistent sources of high-quality health care. School-based health centers (SBHCs) address this challenge through the provision of primary care, mental health care, and other health services in schools. This article describes the current status of SBHCs nationally, including changes over the past twenty years.

The incidence of Marfan syndrome and cardiac anomalies in patients presenting with pectus deformities.

Purpose: The incidence of Marfan syndrome in the general population is 0.3%. Two-thirds of patients with Marfan syndrome have concurrent pectus deformity.

Analysis of metabolome changes in the bile acid pool in feces and plasma of antibiotic-treated rats.

The bile acid-liver-gut microbiota axis plays an important role in the host's health. The gut microbiota has an impact on the bile acid pool, but also the bile acids themselves can influence the gut microbiota composition. In this study, six antibiotics from five different classes (i.

Impact of lincosamides antibiotics on the composition of the rat gut microbiota and the metabolite profile of plasma and feces.

The importance of the gut microorganisms and their wide range of interactions with the host are well-acknowledged. In this study, lincomycin and clindamycin were used to modulate microbial communities of Wistar rats to gain a comprehensive understanding of the implications of microbiome alterations. A metabolomics approach and taxonomic profiling were applied to characterize the effects of these antibiotics on the functionality of the microbiome and to identify microbiome-related metabolites.