Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumors: Is Fertility Preservation Possible?

Yolk sac tumors make up 14% to 20% of all malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are elevated in a significant number of patients and are useful for monitoring the response to treatment and for post-treatment surveillance. Surgery is required for diagnosis, staging, and treatment.

Are ROMA and HE4 More Accurate than CA-125, in Predicting of Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma?

Background: Evaluation of ovarian tumors based on tumor markers could have high clinical importance. In this study, we aimed to assess the predictive value of HE4 and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) compared to CA-125 in the Malignancy of ovarian epithelial masses.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2020-2021 including 203 patients.

Ureterocele mimicking uterine polyp in a young woman presenting with a vulvar mass: A case report.

Ureterocele is a distal ureteral segment cystic dilatation. Its prevalence in women ranges from 1/5000 to 1/12000. A 22-year-old adult female presented with a vulvar tumor with left-side pain.

Comparison of Ultrasound and Tumor Marker CA125 in Diagnosis of Adnexal Mass Malignancies.

Background: CA125 is the most used tumor marker for ovarian cancer monitoring and diagnosis. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity to predict malignancy in women with adnexal tumors using CA125 measurement and ultrasound criteria before the pathological examination.

Materials And Methods: This observational diagnostic study was conducted on 300 patients with obvious diagnosis of adnexal mass consists of ovarian masses, fallopian tubes, and masses within the broad ligament referring to Alzahra and Beheshti Hospitals from 2018 to 2019.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Patients with Benign and Malignant Ovarian Masses Versus Pathologic Outcomes.

Background: The results of the former study confirmed the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the origin and content of ovarian masses. The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI in differentiating benign and malignant ovarian masses in women.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.

Which Protocol is better for Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy by Methotrexate? Single-dose or Multiple-dose.

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the most common cause of death in the first trimester of pregnancy. Methotrexate (MTX) is an acceptable treatment in the cases with the lack of tube rupture or no important one, which has reduced surgical treatment. Despite numerous studies, there is still no consensus about medications.

Diagnostic Values of Pipelle and Standard Curettage Compared to Hysterectomy Pathology in Postmenopausal Bleeding: A Comparative Study.

Background: Postmenopausal bleeding might occur due to many benign and malignant underlying diseases. Differentiating between these diseases poses a great importance. This study was designed to compare the diagnostic value of pipelle endometrial sampling and curettage in patients with postmenopausal bleeding.

Diagnostic accuracy of gynecology imaging reporting and data system in evaluation of adnexal lesions.

Background: Considering the increasing incidence rate of ovarian cancer in worldwide and the utility of Gynecologic Imaging Reporting and Data System (GI-RADS) in diagnosing malignant adnexal lesions such as ovarian cancer, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of this reporting system in differentiating between malignant and benign adnexal lesions.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, women with suspected adnexal lesions were enrolled. For differentiating of malignant adnexal lesions, Grade II and III of GI-RADS system were classified as low risk for malignancy and Grades IV and V as high risk.

Evaluation of ovarian function after hysterectomy with or without salpingectomy: A feasible study.

Background: Prophylactic salpingectomy for the prevention of ovarian cancer has been recommended strongly. The aim of this study was to compare ovarian function in patients who undergo hysterectomy for benign reasons with or without bilateral salpingectomy.

Materials And Methods: This was a clinical-trial study on patients undergone hysterectomy with/without bilateral salpingectomy in Al-Zahra Hospital, in 2015-2016.

Presentation of Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor with Amenorrhea.

Placental site throphoblastic tumor (PSTT) is a rare manifestation of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia that may complicate any type of pregnancy. The disease is unique from other type, and is defined by slow growth, low human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) serum levels, the late-onset metastatic potential, and most significantly, insensitivity to chemotherapy. We describe a case of a 31-year-old woman with prolonged amenorrhea and slightly elevated serum beta hCG (βhCG) level, referred for termination of abnormal pregnancy.

Study of 2 years follow-up of referral patients with abnormal Pap smear.

Background: Abnormal Pap smear consists of premalignant or malignant cervical lesions. Many of premalignant cervical lesions will never progress to invasive malignancy, or even may regress over the time. Thus, there is always a risk of overtreatment of patients with an abnormal Pap smear.

Extensive Overgrowth of Sex Cord-Like Differentiation in Uterine Mullerian Adenosarcoma: A Rare and Challenging Entity.

Sex cord-like differentiation has been well documented in endometrial stromal tumors. On the basis of the extent of sex cord differentiation, uterine stromal tumors with this kind of differentiation have been classified into 2 subgroups of endometrial stromal tumor with sex cord-like elements and uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumor. When extensive, this differentiation has been accompanied with indolent clinical behavior and rather good prognosis in most cases.

Sentinel lymph node mapping in early stage of endometrial and cervical cancers.

Background: The sentinel lymph node (SLN) is defined as the first chain node in the lymphatic basin that receives primary lymphatic flow. If the SLN is negative for metastatic disease, then other nodes are expected to be disease-free. SLN techniques have been extensively applied in the staging and treatment of many tumors, including melanoma, breast and vulvar cancers.

Factors associated with delayed diagnosis of cervical cancer in Iran--a survey in Isfahan City.

Background: In the absence of routine screening program for cervical cancer in Iran and high rate of diagnosed cancer in its advanced stage, recognition of sociodemographic factors related to delayed diagnosis of cancer in Iran could be helpful in reducing the burden of disease in our community. The aim of this study was to determine the stage of cervical cancer at diagnosis and factors related to delayed diagnosis of cervical cancer in Isfahan, Iran.

Materials And Methods: In this cross sectional study women diagnosed with cervical cancer for the first time by histo-pathological examination were enrolled.

Placenta increta as an important cause of uterine mass after first-trimester Curettage (case report).

Placenta increta during the first trimester of pregnancy is very rare. This report describes two cases of placenta increta that caused prolonged vaginal bleeding after a first-trimester abortion. We were encountered two cases of placenta increta in October 2012 and May 2013.

Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) in compare to medroxyprogesterone acetate as a therapy for endometrial hyperplasia.

Background: This study was designed to evaluate the comparison of insertion of levonorgestrel (LNG)-releasing intrauterine system versus oral medroxyprogesterone acetate on endometrial hyperplasia in a randomized controlled trial.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 women with the initial histopathological diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in two groups received LNG or medroxyprogesterone (10 mg/d orally) for 12 days a month for 3 months). Endometrial biopsy was obtained for all patients after 3 months of treatment.

A case of placental polyp after normal vaginal delivery.

Placental polyp is retained placental tissue within the endometrial cavity, which forms a nidus for inflammation and bleeding. There are very few reported cases of the clinical placental polyp. Here, we report a case of 34-year-old G4L3Ab1 woman with the chief complaint of intermittent vaginal bleeding since her last normal vaginal delivery 3 months ago.

Misoprostol Abortion: Ultrasonography versus Beta-hCG Testing for Verification of Effectiveness.

Background And Objective: Miscarriage is a common complication of early pregnancy with medical and psychological consequences. Dilation and Curettage are considered as two standard caring ways for early pregnancy failure. Alternatively misoprostol has been used as a single agent for termination of early pregnancy.

The WHO score predicts treatment outcome in low risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia patients treated with weekly intramuscular methotrexate.

Background: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) includes a spectrum of disease ranging from hydatidifrom mole to choriocarcinoma. Low risk GTN is defined as persistent molar pregnancy with a WHO score lower than seven. The optimal chemotherapeutic regimen still remains controversial.

Immediate grafting of transected obturator nerve during radical hysterectomy.

Background: Intraoperative injury of obturator nerve has rarely been reported in patients with gynecological malignancies who undergo extensive radical surgeries. Irreversible damage of this nerve causes thigh paresthesia and claudication. Intraoperative repair may be done by end to end anastomosis or grafting when achieving tension-free anastomosis is not possible.

Term delivery following successful treatment of choriocarcinoma with brain metastases, a case report and review of literature.

Background: Cerebral metastases from choriocarcinoma are a poor prognostic indicator of outcome in both the World Health Organization and FIGO classification systems. Although gestational trophoblastic neoplasia has become the most curable of gynecological malignancies, failure rate among "high-risk" patients is still high despite of the use of aggressive multidrug regimens.

Case: A 27-year-old woman (G(4)P(2)Ab(1)) presented with hemiplegia due to brain metastases of choriocarcinoma 1 year after spontaneous abortion.

Intraoperative frozen sections for assessment of female cancers.

Frozen sections offer an important and helpful adjunct to intraoperative diagnosis and its use has greatly impacted on the care of gynecological oncology patients. Frozen section diagnosis is a reliable method for surgical management of gynecology oncology patients. Sensitivity of frozen section is acceptable and its specificity is almost perfect.

Frequency of different types of ovarian cancer in Vali-e-Asr Hospital (Tehran University of Medical Sciences) 2001-2003.

Purpose of this study was to report histology specific age adjusted ovarian cancer incidence rates from 2001-2003 in Tehran University Hospital (valie-Asr hospital). This was a case series study including all microscopically confirmed cases of ovarian malignancies from 2001-2003. There were 152 cases of ovarian cancer, 102 (67.