Immobilized microalgae: principles, processes and its applications in wastewater treatment.

Microalgae have emerged as potential candidates for biomass production and pollutant removal. However, expensive biomass harvesting, insufficient biomass productivity, and low energy intensity limit the large-scale production of microalgae. To break through these bottlenecks, a novel technology of immobilized microalgae culture coupled with wastewater treatment has received increasing attention in recent years.

Morphological growth pattern of Phanerochaete chrysosporium cultivated on different Miscanthus x giganteus biomass fractions.

Background: Solid-state fermentation is a fungal culture technique used to produce compounds and products of industrial interest. The growth behaviour of filamentous fungi on solid media is challenging to study due to the intermixity of the substrate and the growing organism. Several strategies are available to measure indirectly the fungal biomass during the fermentation such as following the biochemical production of mycelium-specific components or microscopic observation.

Microalgae culture quality indicators: a review.

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that have generated increasing interest in recent years due to their potential applications. Their biological capacity to grow faster than higher plants and their ability to convert solar energy into biomass and other bioactive molecules, has led to the development of various culture systems in order to produce different high-value products with commercial interest. The industrialization of the microalgae cultivation process requires the introduction of standardized quality parameters.

Consolidated bioethanol production from olive mill waste: Wood-decay fungi from central Morocco as promising decomposition and fermentation biocatalysts.

Meknes region is a Moroccan olive-processing area generating high amounts of non-valorized Olive Mill Waste (OMW). Fungi are natural decomposers producing varied enzyme classes and effectively contributing to the carbon cycle. However, structural complexity of biomass and modest performances of wild fungi are major limits for local biorefineries.

Current and novel approaches to downstream processing of microalgae: A review.

Biotechnological application of microalgae cultures at large scale has significant potential in the various fields of biofuels, food and feed, cosmetic, pharmaceutic, environmental remediation and water treatment. Despite this great potential application, industrialisation of microalgae culture and valorisation is still faced with serious remaining challenges in culture scale-up, harvesting and extraction of target molecules. This review presents a general summary of current techniques for harvesting and extraction of biomolecules from microalgae, their relative merits and potential for industrial application.

A predictive dynamic yeast model based on component, energy, and electron carrier balances.

The present study describes a novel yeast model for the prediction of yeast fermentation. The proposed model considers the possible metabolic pathways of yeast. For each pathway, the time evolution of components, energy (ATP/ADP), and electron carriers (NAD /NADH) are expressed with limitation factors for all quantities consumed by each respective pathway.

Optimize, Modulate, and Scale-up Resveratrol and Resveratrol Dimers Bioproduction in L. Cell Suspension from Flasks to 20 L Bioreactor.

Resveratrol and its oligomers are biologically active compounds. This work brings new insights for the bioproduction of -resveratrol with three dimers, pallidol, -ε-viniferin, and -δ-viniferin, in cell suspension of . Conditions of elicitation by methyl jasmonate were optimized for the production of stilbenes using statistical design of experiment.

Optimization of a raceway pond system for wastewater treatment: a review.

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms with potential for biofuel production, CO mitigation and wastewater treatment; indeed they have the capacity to assimilate pollutants in wastewaters. Light supply and distribution among the microalgae culture is one of the major challenges of photo-bioreactor design, with many studies focusing on microalgae culture systems such as raceway ponds (RWP), widely used and cost-effective systems for algal biomass production. This review focuses on possible improvements of the RWP design in order to achieve optimal microalgal growth conditions and high biomass productivities, to minimize energy consumption and to lower the capital costs of the pond.

Process for symbiotic culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Chlorella vulgaris for in situ CO mitigation.

Industrial biotechnology relies heavily on fermentation processes that release considerable amounts of CO. Apart from the fact that this CO represents a considerable part of the organic substrate, it has a negative impact on the environment. Microalgae cultures have been suggested as potential means of capturing the CO with further applications in high-value compounds production or directly for feed applications.

Nitrogen and phosphate removal from wastewater with a mixed microalgae and bacteria culture.

Microalgae are able to convert nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) from wastewater into biomass and bio-products, thus improving the sustainability of wastewater treatment. In High Rate Algal Ponds (HRAP), biomass productivity and water treatment efficiency are highly dependent on environmental parameters such as temperature, light intensity and photoperiod. The influence of temperature and photoperiod on biomass productivity and the removal of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal wastewater by a native microalgae-bacteria consortium was assessed in batch cultures in view of the development of an HRAP at a larger scale.

Magnesium Uptake by the Green Microalga Chlorella vulgaris in Batch Cultures.

The accumulation (internal and superficial distribution) of magnesium ions (Mg(2+)) by the green freshwater microalga Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) was investigated under autotrophic culture in a stirred photobioreactor. The concentrations of the three forms of Mg(2+) (dissolved, extracellular, and intracellular) were determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy during the course of C.

Effects of processing steps on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of beer.

A new analytical method (liquid chromatography-antioxidant, LC-AOx) was used that is intended to separate beer polyphenols and to determine the potential antioxidant activity of these constituents after they were allowed to react online with a buffered solution of the radical cation 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS(•+)). Using the LC-AOx method, it was possible to demonstrate that the extent of the antioxidant activity was very much dependent on the phenolic compound considered. The method was also applied to the analysis of beer extracts and allowed the evaluation of their antioxidant activity at different steps of beer processing: brewing, boiling, and fermentation.