Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside on CKD-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats: Role of CBS and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a conceivable new risk factor for cognitive disorder and dementia. Uremic toxicity, oxidative stress, and peripheral-central inflammation have been considered important mediators of CKD-induced nervous disorders. Nitric oxide (NO) is a retrograde neurotransmitter in synapses, and has vital roles in intracellular signaling in neurons.

Carbon monoxide refines ovarian structure changes and attenuates oxidative stress via modulating of heme oxygenase system in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome: An experimental study.

Background: Carbon monoxide (CO), influences ovarian function, pregnancy, and placental health. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and its products, including CO, exhibit protective and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objective: This study investigates the protective effects of CO released by the carbon dioxide-releasing molecule (CORM)-2 against oxidative stress, functional and structural changes of the ovaries, and HO-1 expressions in female rats suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Hydrogen sulfide upregulates hypoxia inducible factors and erythropoietin production in chronic kidney disease induced by 5/6 nephrectomized rats.

Introduction: In end stage renal disease )ESRD(, reduced EPO production resulted in decreased oxygen diffusion that cause Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) stabilization. The mechanism of beneficial effects of HS in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the aim of the present study to examine the effects of the HS donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) on renal function parameters, oxidative stress indices and expression levels of HIF-2α gene and erythropoietin protein in 5/6 nephrectomy-induced chronic renal failure in rats.

Methods And Materials: Male rats were assigned into 3 groups (n = 8): Sham, CKD and NaHS groups.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Sodium Hydrosulfide in Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Ovarian Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Background: Oxidative stress is known to play a key role in the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) as the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether diminished activity of ovarian enzymes responsible for hydrogen sulfide (HS) production, cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) contributes to oxidative stress in PCOS. The study also explored whether administration of sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH), an HS donor, could ameliorate PCOS symptoms by reducing oxidative stress.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy based blood pressure variations and hemodynamic activity of brain monitoring following postural changes: A systematic review.

Postural change from supine or sitting to standing up leads to displacement of 300 to 1000 mL of blood from the central parts of the body to the lower limb, which causes a decrease in venous return to the heart, hence decrease in cardiac output, causing a drop in blood pressure. This may lead to falling down, syncope, and in general reducing the quality of daily activities, especially in the elderly and anyone suffering from nervous system disorders such as Parkinson's or orthostatic hypotension (OH). Among different modalities to study brain function, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a neuroimaging method that optically measures the hemodynamic response in brain tissue.

The effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on ovarian mitochondrial dysfunction in letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats: the role of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Objective: The present study aimed to elucidate how mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) application could efficiently attenuate pathological changes of letrozole-induced poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by modulating mitochondrial dynamic via PI3K-AKT pathway.

Methods: Thirty-two female rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups: Sham, PCOS, PCOS + MSCs, and PCOS + MSCs + LY294002. The Sham group received 0.

The effects of CORM3 or NaHS on the oxidative stress caused by chronic kidney disease in rats: potential interaction between CO and HS signaling pathway.

Neurotoxicity is implicated as a severe complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Accumulation of urea and other toxic compounds leads to oxidative stress, inflammation and destruction of the blood-brain barrier. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-proliferative properties.

The effect of tannic acid on renal renin-angiotensin signaling pathway in a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction in male Wistar rats.

The purpose of current study was to elucidate polyphenol tannic acid effect on renal function and activity of the renin-angiotensin system after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of six randomly: 1) Sham, 2) UUO, and 3) UUO + Tannic acid. Rats in the UUO and UUO + Tannic acid groups experienced unilateral ureteral obstruction.

A comparison between centrally and systemically administered erythropoietin on kidney protection in a model of fixed-volume hemorrhagic shock in male rats.

Background: In this study, a comparison between centrally and systemically administered erythropoietin (EPO) was performed on nephroprotection during hemorrhagic shock (HS) in male rats.

Methods: Male rats were allocated into four experimental groups. (1) Sham; a guide cannula was inserted into the left lateral ventricle and other cannulas were placed into the left femoral artery and vein.

Point-of-care salivary oxidative and renal functional markers to assess kidney function in reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury in male rats.

Objectives: Saliva is one of the most promising body fluids in the research of new biomarker for various diseases diagnosis. However, serial sampling in this condition is very dangerous and pose iatrogenic anemia with blood loss. This study was done to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of point-of-care salivary tests and identify the validity of salivary markers.

Beneficial effects of combination therapy with testosterone and hydrogen sulfide by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis: Rat experimental varicocele model.

Background: Despite the effectiveness of testosterone therapy in conditions associated with testosterone deficiency, including varicocele, several dose-dependent side effects limit the clinical use of testosterone therapy. Hydrogen sulfide, a toxic gas in high concentrations but a beneficial molecule in low concentrations, acts as both a major effector and an important inducer of testosterone.

Objective: This study investigated whether a subeffective dose of testosterone combined with a subeffective dose of hydrogen sulfide donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) can be effective in an experimental varicocele model through a possible additive effect.

Therapeutic effects of CORM3 and NaHS in chronic kidney disease induced cognitive impairment via the interaction between carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide on Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rats.

Cognitive impairment is one of the major complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aims to evaluate the protective effects of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and their interactions on CKD-induced cognitive deficits by considering the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Sixty rats were divided into six experimental groups: sham, five-sixth (5/6) nephrectomy (CKD), CKD + H2S donor (NaHS), CKD + CO-releasing molecule (CORM3), CKD + NaHS and zinc protoporphyrin IX (Znpp), CKD + CORM3 and amino-oxy acetic acid (AOAA).

Mesenchymal stem cells and their conditioned medium as potential therapeutic strategies in managing comorbid anxiety in rat sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture.

Objectives: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common brain dysfunction following sepsis. Due to the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy on anxiety, an extreme and early manifestation of SAE, we hypothesized that MSCs-derived conditioned medium (CM) may be able to attenuate anxiety in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis.

Materials And Methods: Rats were assigned into 4 groups: sham, CLP, MSC, and CM.

Sperm and testicular dysfunction during cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in male rats and effects of tannic acid through reducing testicular oxidative stress and inflammation.

Objectives: One of the problems caused by infectious diseases is the decrease in sperm count and motility. Tannic acid is known as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP) sepsis model was induced to investigate the effect of tannic acid on oxidative stress and inflammation in testicular and sperm structure and function.

Nephroprotection through Modifying the Apoptotic TNF-α/ERK1/2/Bax Signaling Pathway and Oxidative Stress by Long-term Sodium Hydrosulfide Administration in Ovalbumin-induced Chronic Asthma.

Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases in the world. Nevertheless, it is reported that inflammation induced by asthma is not only restricted to the lung and may cause damaging effects on remote organs. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the beneficial effects of long-term sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) administration on lung inflammation and oxidative stress markers to protect the kidney during chronic asthma.

The Impact of Sex Differences on Renal Protective Effects of Lipopolysaccharide Preconditioning in Septic Shock.

Background: Induction of septic shock by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may lead to acute renal failure. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of sex differences on the effectiveness of low-dose LPS preconditioning (LPS-PC) on LPS-induced acute renal failure in rats.

Methods: This study was conducted at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, in 2017.

Time-Varying Covariates and Risk Factors for Graft Loss in Kidney Transplantation.

Objectives: The present study was designed to evaluate the factors involved in long-term graft survival in recipients of kidney transplantation.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 755 Iranian adult recipients who underwent kidney transplantation at Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center in Tehran, Iran. Patients were followed for 5 years after transplantation.

An overview of high-mobility group box 1, a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine in asthma.

High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), also called amphoterin, HMG1 and p30, is a highly conserved protein between different species that has various functions in nucleus such as stabilization of nucleosome formation, facilitation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) bending and increasing the DNA transcription, replication and repair. It has also been indicated that HMGB1 acts as a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine with increasing concentrations in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates.

Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Conditioned Medium Attenuate the Memory Retrieval Impairment During Sepsis in Rats.

In this study, we hypothesized that sepsis induction impairs memory retrieval in rats while transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) application are capable of attenuating those complications. MSCs were obtained from adipose tissue of rats and at the second culture passage; MSCs and MSC-CM were collected. Rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups: sham, CLP, MSC, and MSC-CM.

Administration of sodium hydrosulfide reduces remote organ injury by an anti-oxidant mechanism in a rat model of varicocele.

Objectives: Infertility in varicocele may have an adverse outcome on the future life of an infertile male. This study was designed to investigate whether varicocele affects remote organs, including the kidney, liver, and brain. We have also evaluated the protective effects of NaHS administration on the structure and function of these organs.

Protective effects of ascorbic acid and calcitriol combination on airway remodelling in ovalbumin-induced chronic asthma.

Airway remodelling is one of the most refractory problems in asthma. According to the critical roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in airway remodelling, it is supposed that ascorbic acid and calcitriol have beneficial effects. However, a combination of antioxidants may be more effective for asthma therapy.

Long-term NaHS administration reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis in a rat model of left-side varicocele.

The main aim of this study was to assay the testicular H S levels in the varicocele rat model and then to investigate the protective effects of NaHS on morphometric changes, sperm parameters, oxidative stress and apoptosis markers in rat's testis. D,L-propargylglycine (PAG) was administrated to show the effects of cystathionine γ-lyase enzyme (CSE) inhibition in the varicocele. Rats were assigned to four groups: (a) Sham, (b) varicocele, (c) varicocele + PAG and (d) varicocele + NaHS.

Combination of ascorbic acid and calcitriol attenuates chronic asthma disease by reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation.

Airway inflammation and oxidative stress are the two major characteristics of asthma pathogenesis. Therefore, this study evaluated the protective effects of ascorbic acid in combination with calcitriol on the oxidative damages and inflammation in asthma model. All animals, except in the control group, were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin.

Inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase distribution and expression with hind limb per-conditioning of the rat kidney.

Introduction: We recently reported that a series of brief hind limb ischemia and reperfusion (IR) at the beginning of renal ischemia (remote per-conditioning - RPEC) significantly attenuated the ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury. In the present study, we investigated whether the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway is involved in the RPEC protection of the rat ischemic kidneys.

Material And Methods: Male rats were subjected to right nephrectomy and randomized as: (1) sham, no additional intervention; (2) IR, 45 min of renal ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion; (3) RPEC, four 5 min cycles of lower limb IR administered at the beginning of renal ischemia; (4) RPEC+L-NAME (a non-specific NOS inhibitor, 10 mg/kg, .

Additional effects of erythropoietin pretreatment, ischemic preconditioning, and N-acetylcysteine posttreatment in rat kidney reperfusion injury.

Background/aim: Since the nature of ischemia/reperfusion (IR)-induced tissue damage is multifactorial and complex, in the current study, the effects of multiple treatment strategies via concomitant administration of erythropoietin (EPO) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) with an ischemic preconditioning (IPC) regimen on renal IR injury were examined.

Materials And Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were subjected to bilateral occlusion of the renal pedicles for 50 min followed by reperfusion. EPO (1000 IU/kg) was administered for 3 days, as well as IPC before the IR and NAC (150 mg/kg) administration for 4 days after IR.