This study determined the impact and influence of published articles on the field of occupational stress. A transdisciplinary approach was used to identify the 50 work-related stress articles with the most lifetime citations and the 50 work-related stress articles with the highest annual citation rates. Studies were categorized based on their primary focus: (a) etiology, (b) predictor of outcome for which occupational stress is the outcome or predictor of outcome for which occupational stress is an independent variable, (c) management/intervention, (d) theory/model/framework, or (e) methodologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Workplace environment is related to the physical and psychological well-being, and quality of work life (QWL) for nurses.
Objective: The aim of this paper was to perform a comprehensive literature review on nurses' quality of work life to identify a comprehensive set of QWL predictors for nurses employed in the United States and Canada.
Methods: Using publications from 2004-2014, contributing factors to American and Canadian nurses' QWL were analyzed.
The objective of this study was to conduct a literature review examining predictors of lost-time injury, illness and disability (IID) in the workplace, with a focus on obesity as a predictor, and to evaluate the relationship between obesity and losttime IID. The study objective was also to analyze workplace disability prevention and interventions aimed at encouraging a healthy lifestyle among employees and reducing obesity and IID, as well as to identify research gaps. The search was conducted in several major online databases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The objective of this study was to identify and review the most-cited articles on spinal cord injury (SCI). Citation analyses showcase the relative influence of individual articles in a given field. In addition to distinguishing publications of particular quality and impact and well-developed areas of the literature, citation analyses allow for an understanding of the direction in which a field of research is headed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Many studies have used the admixture analysis to separate age-at-onset (AAO) subgroups in bipolar disorder, but none of them examined first episode patients.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of clinical variables on AAO in first episode bipolar patients.
Methods: The admixture analysis was applied to identify the model best fitting the observed AAO distribution of a sample of 194 patients with DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder and the finite mixture model was applied to assess the effect of clinical covariates on AAO.
Purpose: The purpose of this particular study was to test a newly created instrument in describing the facilitators and barriers to occupational health and safety in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ontario, Canada.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to identify the occupational health and safety culture of SMEs in public and private sectors in Ontario.
Results: A total of 153 questionnaires were completed.
Background: The purpose of the study was to examine factors related to the retention of registered nurses in northeastern Ontario, Canada.
Objective/method: A cross-sectional survey of registered nurses working in northeastern Ontario, Canada was conducted. Logistic regression analyses were used to consider intent to stay in current employment in relation to the following: 1) demographic factors, and 2) occupation and career satisfaction factors.
Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship nursing personal and workplace system factors (work disability) and work ability index scores in Ontario, Canada.
Methods: A total of 111 registered nurses were randomly selected from the total number of registered nurses on staff in the labor, delivery, recovery, and postpartum areas of four northeastern Ontario hospitals. Using a stratified random design approach, 51 participants were randomly selected in four northeastern Ontario cities.
Aggressive behaviors have become a major public health problem, and early-onset aggression can lead to outcomes such as substance abuse, antisocial personality disorder among other issues. In recent years, there has been an increase in research in the molecular and genetic underpinnings of aggressive behavior, and one of the candidate genes codes for the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). COMT is involved in catabolizing catecholamines such as dopamine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study examined the possible association between prolactin (PRL) system genes and callous-unemotional (CU) traits in childhood-onset aggression. Two markers for the PRL peptide gene and three markers for the prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene were genotyped. The participants were assessed on the CU subscale using five items from the Antisocial Process Screening Device.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
September 2015
Objective: We sought to evaluate a translation of anxiety-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to a First Nations children's mental health provider in rural Ontario and to enhance our understanding of CBT challenges and adaptations unique to the First Nations context.
Methods: The study was conceptualized as a mixed methods sequential explanatory approach using a quasi-experimental (before and after) design with quantitative and qualitative components. Data were produced in two ways: questionnaires completed by therapists, parents and clients pre- and post-training, and through a focus group with therapists working with First Nations clients.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health
December 2016
This article reports on a literature review of workplace interventions (i.e., creating healthy work environments and improving nurses' quality of work life [QWL]) aimed at managing occupational stress and burnout for nurses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to determine the feasibility of translating cognitive behavioral therapy for anxious youth to rural-community settings via tele-psychiatry training. A 20-week group-supervision training program was delivered to ten different groups from different agencies within Northern Ontario. Each group consisted of four to nine clinicians with child therapy background not specific to CBT (n = 78, 51% social workers, 49% other mental health disciplines).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTime-loss injuries are still a major occurrence in Canada, injuring thousands of Canadian workers each year. With obesity rates on the rise across the country, as well as around the world, it is important that the possible effects of obesity in the workplace be fully understood, especially those effects linked to lost-time injuries. The aim of this paper was to evaluate predictors of workplace lost-time injuries and how they may be related to obesity or high body mass index by examining factors associated with lost-time injuries in the health care sector, a well-studied industry with the highest number of reported time loss injuries in Canada.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA major obstacle to the identification of the neurobiological correlates of schizophrenia is the substantial diagnostic heterogeneity of this disorder. Dividing schizophrenia into "early" and "late" subtypes may reduce heterogeneity and facilitate identification of biomarkers related to this disease. Our objective was to assess the presence of different sub-groups in schizophrenia by age at onset analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of this study was to determine: 1) if quality of work life (QWL), location of cross-training, stress variables, and various demographic factors in nurses are associated with work ability, and 2) nursing occupational stress, QWL, and various associated factors are related with nurses' work ability. There is limited research examining the obstetrical nursing environment. Given the amount of time and energy people expend at the workplace, it is crucial for employees to be satisfied with their lives at work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The genetic etiology of aggressive behaviors remains elusive, but growing evidence suggests that they are heritable, and certain genetic variants have been implicated as contributing factors. The oxytocin-vasopressin (OXT-AVP) neurohumoral system has recently been implicated in social behaviors. Oxytocin, especially, has been linked to prosocial behaviors such as trust and social bonds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe etiology of childhood-onset aggression (COA) is poorly understood, but early COA can be considered as a strong risk factor for adult delinquency and criminal behavior. Callous-unemotional (CU) traits have been proposed as a developmental model of antisocial behavior. Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) has been associated with aggression, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and other psychiatric disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Studies on animal models have implicated arginine vasopressin signalling pathway in aggressive behaviour. The role of arginine vasopressin in childhood onset aggression is unclear.
Methods: We investigated 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes coding for arginine vasopressin and its receptors in our sample of 177 aggressive child cases paired with adult controls matched for sex and ethnicity.
Buffets are the "perfect" environment for facilitating excessive energy intake. Customers at buffets often eat considerably more food than is the usual case at regular restaurants. However, extremely little research has been conducted on the relationship between buffets, energy intake, and weight gain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Child Adolesc Psychiatry
March 2012
Given the known behavior effects of oxytocin,and in particular its putative effect on trust, affiliation and anxiety, we hypothesized that oxytocin may be involved in the development and expression of callous-unemotional traits in children with aggressive antisocial behavior. We recruited 162 children between the ages of 6 and 16. The majority of subjects were Caucasian (84.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Biol Psychiatry
January 2012
Unlabelled: Excessive or deficient levels of extracellular dopamine have been hypothesized to contribute to a broad spectrum of mood, motor, and thought abnormalities, and dopaminergic system genes have been implicated in aggressive behaviour from animal and human studies. OBJECTIVE. We examined selected members of the dopaminergic system genes for association with child aggression.
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