Assessment of dietary patterns in celiac disease patients using factor analysis method and their relationship with dietary intakes and body mass index.

Background/objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic and autoimmune enteropathy of the gastrointestinal tract with malabsorption characteristics. The only effective treatment for CD is adhere strictly to a gluten-free diet (GFD) throughout life. We evaluated the dietary patterns in celiac disease patients and their association with dietary intakes and anthropometric measurements in Iran.

Feasibility and therapeutical potential of local intracerebral encapsulated cell biodelivery of BDNF to App knock-in Alzheimer mice.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related disease characterized by altered cognition, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration against which there is presently no effective cure. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key neurotrophin involved in the learning and memory process, with a crucial role in synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival. Several findings support that a reduced BDNF expression in the human brain is associated with AD pathogenesis.

Glycemic index, glycemic load, dietary insulin index, and dietary insulin load in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors among participants with atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: We examined the cross-sectional associations of dietary Glycemic Index (GI), Glycemic Load (GL), Dietary Insulin Index (DII), and Dietary Insulin Load (DIL) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) factors in subjects with atherosclerosis.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on subjects with atherosclerosis. Regular dietary intake was assessed using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and GI, GL, DIL, and DII were also calculated.

Succinate based polymers drive immunometabolism in dendritic cells to generate cancer immunotherapy.

Boosting the metabolism of immune cells while restricting cancer cell metabolism is challenging. Herein, we report that using biomaterials for the controlled delivery of succinate metabolite to phagocytic immune cells activates them and modulates their metabolism in the presence of metabolic inhibitors. In young immunocompetent mice, polymeric microparticles, with succinate incorporated in the backbone, induced strong pro-inflammatory anti-melanoma responses.

ER stress induced immunopathology involving complement in CADASIL: implications for therapeutics.

Cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is caused by NOTCH3 mutations. Typical CADASIL is characterised by subcortical ischemic strokes due to severe arteriopathy and fibrotic thickening of small arteries. Arteriolar vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the key target in CADASIL, but the potential mechanisms involved in their degeneration are still unclear.

Modeling land use/cover change based on LCM model for a semi-arid area in the Latian Dam Watershed (Iran).

The monitoring and modeling of changes, based on a time-series LULC approach, is fundamental for planning and managing regional environments. The current study analyzed the LULC changes as well as estimated future scenarios for 2027 and 2037. To achieve accuracy in predicting LULC changes, the Land Change Modeler (LCM) was used for the Latian Dam Watershed, which is located approximately in the northeast of Tehran.

Microglia Impairs Proliferation and Induces Senescence In-Vitro in NGF Releasing Cells Used in Encapsulated Cell Biodelivery for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.

There is no cure yet available for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We recently optimized encapsulated cell biodelivery (ECB) devices releasing human mature nerve growth factor (hmNGF), termed ECB-NGF, to the basal forebrain of AD patients. The ECB-NGF delivery resulted in increased CSF cholinergic markers, improved glucose metabolism, and positive effects on cognition in AD patients.

The Association between Diet Quality Scores with Sleep Quality among Employees: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Numerous factors such as nutrition and diet can affect the quality of sleep of people, especially employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between university employees' sleep quality and their dietary quality scores (HEI, DII and DASH score).

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 211 employees with a mean age of 38.

Amyloid-Beta Peptides and Activated Astroglia Impairs Proliferation of Nerve Growth Factor Releasing Cells In Vitro: Implication for Encapsulated Cell Biodelivery-Mediated AD Therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment is constrained due to the inability of peripherally administered therapeutic molecules to cross the blood-brain barrier. Encapsulated cell biodelivery (ECB) devices, a tissue-targeted approach for local drug release, was previously optimized for human mature nerve growth factor (hmNGF) delivery in AD patients but was found to have reduced hmNGF release over time. To understand the reason behind reduced ECB efficacy, we exposed hmNGF-releasing cells (NGC0211) in vitro to human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI), Lewy Body Dementia (LBD), and AD patients.

Associations between new and old anthropometric indices with type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of metabolic complications: a cross-sectional analytical study.

Background: Obesity can increase the risk of diabetes mellitus and complications associated with it.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the associations between new and old anthropometric indices and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its metabolic complications.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 110 T2DM subjects and 110 healthy controls were selected by convenience sampling.

Rheumatologic Aspects of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Practical Resource for Physicians in Kuwait and the Gulf region as Recommended by the Kuwait Association of Rheumatology.

The Kuwait Association of Rheumatology members met thrice in April 2020 to quickly address and support local practitioners treating rheumatic disease in Kuwait and the Gulf region during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Because patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease (RMD) may need treatment modifications during the COVID-19 pandemic, we voted online for the general guidance needed by local practitioners. In this review, we have addressed patients' vulnerability with rheumatic disease and issues associated with their optimum management.

A Review of Techniques for Biodelivery of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) to the Brain in Relation to Alzheimer's Disease.

Age-dependent progressive neurodegeneration and associated cognitive dysfunction represent a serious concern worldwide. Currently, dementia accounts for the fifth highest cause of death, among which Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents more than 60% of the cases. AD is associated with progressive cognitive dysfunction which affects daily life of the affected individual and associated family.

Insulin-Independent and Dependent Glucose Transporters in Brain Mural Cells in CADASIL.

Typical cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is caused by mutations in the human NOTCH3 gene. Cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy is characterized by subcortical ischemic strokes due to severe arteriopathy and fibrotic thickening of small vessels. Blood regulating vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) appear as the key target in CADASIL but the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.

Effects of PM and gases exposure during prenatal and early-life on autism-like phenotypes in male rat offspring.

Background: Epidemiological studies have reported associations between elevated air pollution and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, we hypothesized that exposure to air pollution that mimics real world scenarios, is a potential contributor to ASD. The exact etiology and molecular mechanisms underlying ASD are not well understood.

Erythrocyte Amyloid Beta Peptide Isoform Distributions in Alzheimer and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Introduction: We recently showed that Amyloid Beta (Aβ)40 accumulates in erythrocytes and possibly causes cell damage as evidenced by an increased number of assumed injured low-density (kg/L) erythrocytes. Furthermore, we have suggested a separation technique to isolate and concentrate such damaged red blood cells for subsequent analysis.

Objectives: We isolated high- and low-density erythrocytes and investigated the accumulation patterns of the Aβ peptides (Aβ40, Aβ42, and Aβ43) in Alzheimer (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI).

Alzheimer's Disease: Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate Content and Circulating Erythropoietin.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) features the accumulation of β-amyloid in erythrocytes. The subsequent red cell damage may well affect their oxygen-carrying capabilities. 2,3- diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) binds to the hemoglobin thereby promoting oxygen release.

Innovative Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease-With Focus on Biodelivery of NGF.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with abnormal protein modification, inflammation and memory impairment. Aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau proteins are medical diagnostic features. Loss of memory in AD has been associated with central cholinergic dysfunction in basal forebrain, from where the cholinergic circuitry projects to cerebral cortex and hippocampus.

Autophagy-lysosomal defect in human CADASIL vascular smooth muscle cells.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a familial progressive degenerative disorder and is caused by mutations in NOTCH3 gene. Previous study reported that mutant NOTCH3 is more prone to form aggregates than wild-type NOTCH3 and the mutant aggregates are resistant to degradation. We hypothesized that aggregation or accumulation of NOTCH3 could be due to impaired lysosomal-autophagy machinery in VSMC.

Increased Active OMI/HTRA2 Serine Protease Displays a Positive Correlation with Cholinergic Alterations in the Alzheimer's Disease Brain.

OMI/HTRA2 (high-temperature requirement serine protease A2) is a mitochondrial serine protease involved in several cellular processes, including autophagy, chaperone activity, and apoptosis. Few studies on the role of OMI/HTRA2 in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are available, but none on its relationship with the cholinergic system and neurotrophic factors as well as other AD-related proteins. In this study, immunohistochemical analyses revealed that AD patients had a higher cytosolic distribution of OMI/HTRA2 protein compared to controls.

You can't fix what isn't broken: eight weeks of exercise do not substantially change cognitive function and biochemical markers in young and healthy adults.

Objective: The benefits of exercise on brain health is well known in aging and psychiatric populations. However, the relationship between habitual exercise in young and healthy adults remains unclear. This study explored the effects an eight-week exercise prescription on cognitive function, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cathepsin B (CTHB) in young and healthy adults.

Exercise Leads to Better Clinical Outcomes in Those Receiving Medication Plus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of exercise as an add-on therapy with antidepressant medication and cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBGT) on treatment outcomes in low-active major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. We also explored whether exercise reduces the residual symptoms of depression, notably cognitive impairment and poor sleep quality, and aimed to identify putative biochemical markers related to treatment response.

Methods: Sixteen low-active MDD patients were recruited from a mental health day treatment program at a local hospital.

Differences in proliferation rate between CADASIL and control vascular smooth muscle cells are related to increased TGFβ expression.

Cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a familial fatal progressive degenerative disorder. One of the pathological hallmarks of CADASIL is a dramatic reduction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in cerebral arteries. Using VSMCs from the vasculature of the human umbilical cord, placenta and cerebrum of CADASIL patients, we found that CADASIL VSMCs had a lower proliferation rate compared to control VSMCs.

Abnormal heart-rate response during cardiopulmonary exercise testing identifies cardiac dysfunction in symptomatic patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease.

Background: Symptomatic non-obstructive coronary artery disease is a growing clinical dilemma for which contemporary testing is proving to be of limited clinical utility. New methods are needed to identify cardiac dysfunction.

Methods And Results: This is a prospective observational cohort study conducted from December 2013 to August 2015 in two outpatient cardiology clinics (symptomatic cohort) and 24 outpatient practices throughout the US (healthy cohort) with centralized methodology and monitoring to compare heart-rate responses during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).