Internet of things-inspired healthcare system for urine-based diabetes prediction.

Healthcare industry is the leading domain that has been revolutionized by the incorporation of Internet of Things (IoT) technology resulting in smart medical applications. Conspicuously, this study presents an effective system of home-centric Urine-based Diabetes (UbD) monitoring system. Specifically, the proposed system comprises of 4-layers for predicting and monitoring diabetes-oriented urine infection.

Alternative sources of biologically active substances.

The majority of antibiotics and substances with diverse biological activity used in medicine are produced by actinomycetes, nonfilamentous bacteria and fungi. Other microorganisms, such as myxobacteria, pseudomonads, nocardias, basidiomycetes, marine microorganisms, enterobacteria, halobacteria, hyperthermophiles etc. are investigated for new biologically active metabolites.

Hybrid antibiotics.

Hybrid antibiotics that do not occur in nature have been obtained by combining structural genes of antibiotic producers. Some of these substances were effective against pathogenic microorganisms resistant against antibiotics produced by the parent strains. The majority of hybrid antibiotics were obtained by combining genes encoding polyketide synthases.

Antibiotics.

The chapter informs about different types of antibiotics, their structure, biosynthesis and their regulation. Industrial cultivation and isolation of antibiotics is described in the chapter. Search for microorganisms producing antibiotics and preparation of high-producing strains is described.

Nontraditional microbial bioactive metabolites.

Microorganisms produce low-molar-mass secondary metabolites exhibiting different biological activities, which are used. e.g.

Evaluation of efficacy, safety, and reversibility of combination regimen of cyproterone acetate and testosterone buciclate in bonnet monkey.

A combination regimen of cyproterone acetate (CPA) and testosterone buciclate (TB) was evaluated for its contraceptive efficacy, safety, and reversibility in bonnet monkeys. Cyproterone acetate (5 mg in 0.2 mL of olive oil) injected daily for 180 days, in combination with 40 mg testosterone buciclate given i.

Conversion of glutamate to glutamine by permeabilized Corynebacterium glutamicum.

Glutamate was converted to glutamine by Corynebacterium glutamicum permeabilized by ethanol (10%). ATP was supplied to the reaction by dried Saccharomyces cerevisiae or regenerated by acetyl kinase. High glutamine synthetase activity in C.

Expression of the Csp protein family upon cold shock and production of tetracycline in Streptomyces aureofaciens.

A shift down in temperature causes in Streptomyces aureofaciens a transient repression of polypeptide synthesis. During the acclimation phase 32 proteins were synthesized. The addition of tetracycline (200 microg/ml) to cells from exponential phase of growth leads to induction of 27 novel proteins and 17 upregulated proteins migrated in 2-D gel as proteins expressed upon cold shock.

Purification and characterization of a novel valine dehydrogenase from Streptomyces aureofaciens.

The first valine dehydrogenase of S. aureofaciens had been described (Vancurová, I., Vancura, A.

The tylosin producer, Streptomyces fradiae, contains a second valine dehydrogenase.

A second NAD-dependent valine dehydrogenase (VDH) of Streptomyces fradiae was detected and purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography on Reactive-Blue 2 Sepharose followed by gel filtration and Mono Q fast protein liquid chromatography. The relative molecular masses of the native enzyme and its subunits were determined to be 80,000 and 41,000, respectively, indicating that the enzyme is a homodimer. The enzyme was the only active VDH in S.

Regulation of sterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Sterol synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was primarily controlled by the growth rate. At low specific growth rates the intermediates of ergosterol biosynthesis prevailed in cells. At the same time, the total sterol content reached about 6% of dry matter whereas the content of ergosterol was only 2-2.

Novel bioactive compounds from actinomycetes.

Actinomycetes form an enormous reservoir of secondary metabolites and enzymes. The potential for exploiting rare actinomycetes is highlighted by the discovery of novel compounds from strains of Spirillospora and Nocardioides. Novel compounds of well known classes of antibiotics, such as polyenes, continue to be discovered.

Purification and properties of NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase from Streptomyces fradiae.

Streptomyces fradiae has two chromatographically distinct forms of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH): one GDH utilizes NAD as coenzyme, the other uses NADP. The intracellular level of both GDHs is strongly regulated by the nitrogen source in the growth medium. NADP-dependent GDH was purified to homogeneity from crude extracts of S.

A direct-injection reversed-phase liquid chromatographic micromethod for studying the kinetics of terminal reactions of tetracycline biosynthesis.

A new micromethod for measuring enzyme-catalyzed reactions was developed. The method involves a number of consecutive direct injections of aliquots of the reaction mixture onto a microbore column and permits the determination of the time dependence of the decrease of substrate or increase of product concentrations. The reactions proceed in a microvial placed in the autosampler, and as the starting volume can be as low as 10 microliters, the requirement for the amount of enzyme is very low.

Alanine dehydrogenase from Streptomyces fradiae. Purification and properties.

Alanine dehydrogenase was purified to homogeneity from a cell-free extract of Streptomyces fradiae, which produces tylosin. The enzyme was purified 1180-fold to give a 21% yield, using a combination of hydrophobic chromatography and ion-exchange fast protein liquid chromatography. The relative molecular mass of the native enzyme was determined to be 210,000 or 205,000 by equilibrium ultracentrifugation or gel filtration, respectively.

A further characterization of alanine dehydrogenase from Streptomyces aureofaciens.

Homogeneous alanine dehydrogenase isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens, a producer of tetracycline, was characterized from the point of its molecular and catalytic properties. Using analytical ultracentrifugation the molecular weight of alanine dehydrogenase was found to be 198,000. The enzyme could use as cofactors apart from NAD+ also 1,N6-etheno-NAD+, 3-acetylpyridine-NAD+, deamino-NAD+ and nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide.

Valine dehydrogenase from Streptomyces fradiae: purification and properties.

Valine dehydrogenase (VDH) was purified to homogeneity from cell-free extract of Streptomyces fradiae, which produces tylosin. The enzyme was purified 1508-fold in a 17.7% yield using a combination of hydrophobic chromatography and ion-exchange fast protein liquid chromatography.

Isolation and characterization of valine dehydrogenase from Streptomyces aureofaciens.

Valine dehydrogenase was purified to homogeneity from the crude extracts of Streptomyces aureofaciens. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was 116,000 by equilibrium ultracentrifugation and 118,000 by size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. The enzyme was composed of four subunits with molecular weights of 29,000.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from a tetracycline producing strain of Streptomyces aureofaciens: some properties and regulatory aspects of the enzyme.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Streptomyces aureofaciens exhibited activity with both NAD and NADP, the maximum reaction rate being 1.6 times higher for NAD-linked activity than for the NADP-linked one. The KM values for NAD-linked activity were 2.

Isolation of pure anhydrotetracycline oxygenase from Streptomyces aureofaciens.

Anhydrotetracycline oxygenase was purified to homogeneity from Streptomyces aureofaciens, a producer of tetracycline. The enzyme was purified 60-fold in a 40% yield by a two-step procedure using a combination of hydrophobic chromatography and ion-exchange h.p.

Partial purification and characterization of anhydrotetracycline oxygenase of Streptomyces aureofaciens.

Anhydrotetracycline oxygenase was purified both by affinity chromatography and by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Molecular weight of anhydrotetracycline oxygenase was determined to be 115,000 by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. Using preparative isoelectric focusing the isoelectric point of the enzyme was estimated to be 5.

Subcellular localization of enzymes in Streptomyces aureofaciens and its alteration by benzyl thiocyanate. II. Anhydrotetracycline oxygenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

The localization of anhydrotetracycline oxygenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.

Subcellular localization of enzymes in Streptomyces aureofaciens and its alteration by benzyl thiocyanate. I. Phosphatases and ATP-glucokinase.

Mycelia of a low- and a high-production strain of Streptomyces aureofaciens were converted into protoplasts and divided into five subcellular fractions in order to localize exopolyphosphatases (EC 3.6.1.