Reductive Carbon Materials: Tailoring Chemistry and Electronic Properties to Improve Sodium-Ion Batteries.

The development of versatile strategies for preparing functional carbon materials is essential for advancing a wide range of applications in materials science. Precursor design plays a pivotal role in governing the chemistry and structure of carbon materials for target applications. In this work, we report the synthesis of Meldrum's acid derivatives through Knoevenagel condensation with aromatic heterocycles such as pyrrole, furan, and thiophene, which serve as precursors for carbonaceous materials with tailored chemical and electronic properties.

Improving speech intelligibility in noise and spatial perception: the critical role of hearing aid microphone position.

Introduction: Hearing aid (HA) manufacturers have introduced behind-the-ear (BTE) models where the microphone is positioned in the ear canal, which could impact auditory performance by distorting the pinna's acoustic cues. This study aimed to compare two different BTE HAs with varying microphone positions: the receiver in the ear (RITE) and the transducer in the ear (TIE).

Methods: The study involved 10 participants who had never used HAs before.

Surgical Pearls for Safe and Precise Decision-Making during Modified Selective Neurectomy Surgery.

In this short communication: (1) A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulaton stimulator is a cost-effective solution for the predictable stimulation of mimicry and for precise decision-making. (2) Positioning a simple shatterproof mirror in front of an operated facial half enables the primary surgeon to simultaneously see and stimulate at the operative site and to scrutinize the mimicry for decision-making. (3) A misconception in the literature regarding colors used for tagging "branches for transection" and "branches for preservation" is clarified, and a third tag-color is suggested for times of ambiguity.

Evaluation of clinical, laboratory, and molecular genetic features of patients with biotinidase deficiency.

Biotinidase deficiency (BD) is an autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorder which results from the inability of biotin-dependent carboxylase enzymes to function due to the release and absorption of biotin, leading to neurological and cutaneous findings. In the present study, evaluation of demographic characteristics, clinical findings, laboratory results, molecular genetic characteristics, and genotype-phenotype correlations of cases with BD. Two hundred forty-seven cases were included in the study who were admitted to the Department of Pediatric Metabolism of Ankara Bilkent City Hospital after being identified with potential BD through the Newborn Screening Program (NBS), during family screening or based on suspicious clinical findings, or following the detection of a pathogenic variant in a BTD genetic analysis during the period of October 2020 and February 2022.

Elucidating the role of adsorption during artificial photosynthesis: HO and CO adsorption isotherms over TiO reveal thermal effects under UV illumination.

Adsorption measurements of CO and HO over TiO surfaces in dark and under illumination were carried out to reveal the ensuing bottlenecks of the initial steps of the artificial photosynthesis reaction. When the adsorption isotherms of both CO and HO were measured under illumination, the results were comparable to isotherms measured at higher temperatures in dark. This evidence is interpreted as the presence of hot spots, due to charge carrier recombination reactions.

Auricular anthropometric growth study in individuals with trisomy 21.

In this study, we aimed to measure the auricle dimensions of individuals with Down syndrome, which are known to have different anomalies, and to evaluate the auricle development from birth. A total of 18 groups were formed, consisting of individuals from the neonatal period to age 18 years. Additionally, individuals older than 18 years old were added as an adult group (19 groups in total).

Effects of hypertonic alkaline nasal irrigation on COVID-19.

Objective: The causative agent of COVID-19 is a novel member of coronaviridaes, SARS-CoV-2. It has been reported that the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is responsible of infectivity. The S protein is demonstrated to be inactivated under environmental condition, such as hypertonicity and alkaline pH.

Balloon Laryngoplasty for Pediatric Subglottic Stenosis: A 5-year Experience.

Objective: The objective of this study was to present our experience and evaluate our results of endoscopic balloon laryngoplasty (BL) in children with subglottic stenosis (SGS) at a pediatric tertiary center over a 5-year period.

Methods: This study reviewed 41 pediatric patients diagnosed with acquired SGS who had undergone BL as the primary course of treatment. Cases were analyzed for details including patient demographics, SGS grade and length, timing and the type of surgery, presence of tracheostomy, comorbidities, postoperative management, complications and outcomes of balloon dilatation.

The Comparison of Narrow Band Imaging, White Light Laryngoscopy and Videolaryngostroboscopy in the Evaluation of Benign Vocal Fold Lesions.

Background: The aim of the study was comparing the diagnostic role of the white light (WL) endoscopy, video laryngostroboscopy (VLS), and narrow-band imaging (NBI) in the evaluation of the benign vocal fold lesions.

Material And Methods: From March 2018 to June 2019, a total of 118 cases were enrolled in this study. Ninety-eight patients were suspected with vocal fold nodules, cysts, polyps, and sulcus vocalis and 20 patients without a history of dysphonia.

Outcomes of visual tooth shade selection performed by operators with different experience.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of professional experience and lighting conditions on visual shade selection on natural teeth and comparing the visual-shade-selection results with those of instrumental methods.

Materials And Methods: Shade selection was performed on five maxillary central incisors. The 25 observers were divided into five groups according to their professional experience.

Adhesive system affects repair bond strength of resin composite.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of different adhesive systems on repair bond strength of aged resin composites.

Materials And Methods: Ninety composite discs were built and half of them were subjected to thermal aging. Aged and non-aged specimens were repaired with resin composite using three different adhesive systems; a two-step self-etch adhesive, a two-step total-etch adhesive and a one-step self-etch adhesive; then they were subjected to shear forces.