Causes of sleep disturbance in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals: Is it depression or obstructive sleep apnea?

Objectives: To examine the possible association of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and depression on sleep quality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PWLHIV).

Methods: Adult PWLHIV were included in this prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study. Our study was completed with 99 patients and 80 control subjects.

The Effects of Apocynin on Monosodium Glutamate Induced Liver Damage of Rats.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is found in refined foods. Apocynin (APO) is a selective NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate possible effects of MSG and the curative effects of APO in rats.

Apocynin Ameliorates Monosodium Glutamate Induced Testis Damage by Impaired Blood-Testis Barrier and Oxidative Stress Parameters.

Background: the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of apocynin (APO) on hormone levels, the blood-testis barrier, and oxidative biomarkers in monosodium glutamate (MSG) induced testicular degeneration.

Methods: Sprague Dawley male rats (150-200 g; n = 32) were randomly distributed into four groups: control, APO, MSG, and MSG + APO. MSG and MSG + APO groups were administered MSG (120 mg/kg) for 28 days.