The Frequency of Occurrence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Awareness оf Them Among Young People in Higher Education Institutions.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of risk factors  of cardiovascular disease (CV RF) development and awareness of them among young people studing at University.

Material And Methods: Сross-sectional study study included 1182 young men and women studying at Lomonosov Moscow State University (age 18-44 years), with no history of chronic non-infectious diseases, who underwent a screening  in April-June 2022. All participants filled out the standard "Questionnaire for citizens under the age of 65 years to identify chronic non-communicable diseases, risk factors for their development, and the use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances without prescription", a specially designed questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for CVD development, and a questionnaire on nighttime sleep status.

Relationship of Iron Deficiency, Anemia and Combination of Iron Deficiency With Anemia With Severity of Manifestations of Chronic Heart Failure. Additional Analysis of the Study "Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in the Russian Federation (J-CHF-RF)".

Aim      To evaluate the role of iron deficiency (ID) identified by various criteria, anemia, and the combination of ID and anemia in determining the severity of the clinical course of chronic heart failure (CHF) in a retrospective analysis of data from 498 patients who participated in the ID-CHF-RF Russian multicenter program.Material and methods  ID was diagnosed by the following three criteria established by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the Russian Society of Cardiology (RSC): 1) ferritin concentration <100 μg/l or ferritin concentration 100-299 μg/l in combination with a decreased transferrin saturation (TS) <20%; 2) ID criteria that showed a high sensitivity and specificity when compared with bone marrow morphology (BMM): TS ≤19.8% or serum iron (SI) ≤13 μmol/l; and 3) a composite index including a ferritin concentration <100 μg/l in combination with TS <20% and SI ≤13 μmol/l.

[Evaluation of the Functional Reserve and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with CHF in Clinical Trials (Consent Document of the Editorial board of the Journal of Cardiology, the Board of the Society of Specialists in Heart Failure (SSHF) and Working Group "Non-drug treatment methods" of SSHF)].

Assessing the functional capacity and exercise tolerance is an important and widely used research tool in patients with heart failure. It is used not only in cardiac rehabilitation and physical therapy, but also for inclusion criteria and outcome measures in studies of drug interventions. This document outlines the scope, guidelines for the implementation and interpretation, and limitations of the methods for assessing the functional capacity and exercise tolerance in clinical trials in patients with heart failure.

[Possibilities of Predicting Peak Oxygen Consumption in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure According to the 6‑Minute Walk Test].

Aim: To determine the correlation between the results of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for populations of patients with chronic heart failure with pronounced clinical and demographic differences; to study a possibility of indirect measurement of VO2peak based on the results of 6MWT using the formulas available from the literature.

Material And Methods: Two databases were analyzed: 50 patients included in the AEROFIT study (group A), and 31 patients from the Almazov National Medical Research Center (group B). The inclusion criteria were the availability of data from the cardiopulmonary stress test and the 6MWT.

Female and Male Phenotypes of Iron Deficiency in CHF. Additional analysis of the «The Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in the Russian Federation (J-CHF-RF)» study.

Aim    To evaluate the incidence of iron deficiency (ID) in men and women with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to compare clinical and functional indexes in patient with and without ID depending on the gender.Material and methods    An additional analysis of the study "Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in the Russian Federation (ID-CHF-RF)" was performed. The study included 498 (198 women, 300 men) patients with CHF, in whom, in addition to iron metabolism, the quality of life and exercise tolerance (ET) were studied.

[Androgenic status of men with severe COVID-19: the role of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone [within the program FOUNDER (features of a new coronavirus infection course and options therapy depending on the androgenic status)]].

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the mens androgen status influence on the severity and outcomes (transfer of patients to the ICU or death) of COVID-19 required hospital hospitalization.

Materials And Methods: The study included 151 hospitalized men with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. To measure the severity of disease have been used Symptomatic Hospital and Outpatient Clinical Scale for COVID-19 (SHOCS-COVID).

The Burden of Residual SymptOms That Complicate the Life of Patients Who Have Suffered a new Coronavirus Infection (THROW study).

Aim      To evaluate the prevalence of residual symptoms in patients hospitalized for novel coronavirus infection at 8 months after discharge and the severity of such symptoms depending on demographic characteristics, concurrent diseases, and specific features of the acute period of COVID-19.Material and methods  This study included the patients who were managed for novel coronavirus infection in a COVID-19 hospital and provided their consent to participate in the study (98 patients). At 8 months after discharge from the hospital, a structured telephone interview was performed.

[Coenzyme Q-10 in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: systematic review and meta-analysis].

Aim    The aim of the study was evaluation of the effect of the coenzyme Q10 (Q10) treatment on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Q-10 increases the electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These effects improve the endothelial function and reduce afterload, which facilitates the heart pumping function.

[Determination of factors influencing the desire and possibilities of prevention of inactivity and other behavi-oral risk factors by primary care physicians (REFLECTION). The results of a one-time survey].

Aim    To evaluate clinical practice of primary care physicians with respect of preventing behavioral risk factors in patients as well as objective and subjective factors that influence their motivation for taking preventive measures. Material and methods    This study was a cross-sectional survey. The questionnaire was anonymous and included closed questions and multiple-choice questions.

[Iron deficiency in Russia heart failure patients. Observational cross-sectional multicenter study].

Aim    To evaluate the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) in Russian patients with heart failure (HF).Material and methods    Iron metabolism variables were studied in 498 (198 women, 300 men) patients with HF. Data were evaluated at admission for HF (97 %) or during an outpatient visit (3 %).

[Red cell distribution width as a predictor of impaired exercise capacity in patients with heart failure].

Aim    To test a hypothesis that increased values of red cell distribution width (RDW) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) can be related with low exercise tolerance.Material and methods    102 patients were evaluated who had CHF with mid-range and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) without anemia (72% men, mean age 66±10.2 years).

[Features of a new corOnavirUs infection course and optioNs therapy DEpending on the andRogenic status (FOUNDER): androgenic status in men with COVID-19 and its relationship with the disease severity].

Objective: Analysis of androgen status in men hospitalized with a moderate COVID-19 and its relationship with the severity of the disease.

Materials And Methods: The study included 152 males with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 based on the results of a positive PCR for the SARS-CoV-2 virus and/or computed tomography of the lungs hospitalized at the MSU University Clinic due to the moderate and severe COVID-19. Examination of the level of biochemical blood parameters (CRP, creatinine, urea, glucose, total testosterone (T)); CT of the lungs.

[Expert opinion. Spironolactone: a new twist on an old story].

The article presents recent data on possibilities of a broader use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for existing indications and of expanding indications for the use of this pharmaceutical group in the context of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. The authors discussed prospects for expanded detection of aldosteronism using a new diagnostic approach, including an additional evaluation of blood pressure response to spironolactone.

[Expert consensus regarding treatment of iron deficiency in stable and decompensated patients with heart failure].

In recent years there has been significant interest in treating iron deficiency (ID) in patients with heart failure (HF) due to its high prevalence and detrimental effects in this population. As stated in the 2020 Russain HF guidelines, Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose remains the only proven therapy for ID.This document was prompted by the results from the recent AFFIRM-AHF trial which demonstrates that treatment of ID after acute HF decompensation reduces the risk of future decompensations.

Hydroxychloroquine in patients with novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19): a case-control study.

Actuality One of the most widely discussed treatments for patients with COVID-19, especially at the beginning of the epidemy, was the use of the antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). The first small non-randomized trials showed the ability of HCQ and its combination with azithromycin to accelerate the elimination of the virus and ease the acute phase of the disease. Later, large, randomized trials did not confirm it (RECOVERY, SOLIDARITY).

Proactive anti-inflammatory therapy with colchicine in the treatment of advanced stages of new coronavirus infection. The first results of the COLORIT study.

Actuality The course of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is unpredictable. It manifests in some cases as increasing inflammation to even the onset of a cytokine storm and irreversible progression of acute respiratory syndrome, which is associated with the risk of death in patients. Thus, proactive anti-inflammatory therapy remains an open serious question in patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia, who still have signs of inflammation on days 7-9 of the disease: elevated C-reactive protein (CRP)>60 mg/dL and at least two of the four clinical signs: fever >37.

[The use of diuretics in chronic heart failure. Position paper of the Russian Heart Failure Society].

The document focuses on key issues of diuretic therapy in CHF from the standpoint of current views on the pathogenesis of edema syndrome, its diagnosis, and characteristics of using diuretics in various clinical situations.

[How evaluate results of treatment in patients with COVID-19? Symptomatic Hospital and Outpatient Clinical Scale for COVID-19 (SHOCS-COVID)].

Aim Development of a novel scale for assessing medical state in patients with new coronavirus infection based on clinical and laboratory disease severity's markers, named SHOKS-COVID scale.Material and Methods Clinical Assessment Scale (SHOKS-COVID) is based on1: clinical parameters (respiratory rate, Body temperature, SpO2 need and type of ventilation support) 2: Inflammation markers (C reactive protein (CRP) and prothrombotic marker (D-dimer)) and 3: percent of lungs injury by CT. This scale was used in several clinical studies in patients with varying severity of the course of the COVID 19.

Results of Open-Label non-Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial: "BromhexIne and Spironolactone for CoronаvirUs Infection requiring hospiTalization (BISCUIT).

Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a combination of bromhexine at a dose of 8 mg 4 times a day and spironolactone 50 mg per day in patients with mild and moderate COVID 19.Material and methods It was an open, prospective comparative non-randomized study. 103 patients were included (33 in the bromhexine and spironolactone group and 70 in the control group).

[Combination therapy at an early stage of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Case series and design of the clinical trial "BromhexIne and Spironolactone for CoronаvirUs Infection requiring hospiTalization (BISCUIT)"].

The article focuses on effective treatment of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at early stages and substantiates the requirement for antiviral therapy and for decreasing the viral load to prevent the infection progression. The absence of a specific antiviral therapy for the SARS-CoV-2 virus is stated. The authors analyzed results of early randomized studies using lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, and favipiravir in COVID-19 and their potential for the treatment of novel coronavirus infection.

[Proactive anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant therapy in the treatment of advanced stages of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Case Series and Study Design: COLchicine versus ruxolitinib and secukinumab in open prospective randomIzed trial (COLORIT)].

The article is devoted to the treatment of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the advanced stages of the disease. The types of response of the immune system to the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 with the start of the inflammation process are considered. The situation is analyzed in detail in which the growing autoimmune inflammation (up to the development of a "cytokine storm") affects not only the pulmonary parenchyma, but also the endothelium of the small vessels of the lungs.

Steroid pulse -therapy in patients With coronAvirus Pneumonia (COVID-19), sYstemic inFlammation And Risk of vEnous thRombosis and thromboembolism (WAYFARER Study).

Introduction Coronavirus pneumonia not only severely affects the lung tissue but is also associated with systemic autoimmune inflammation, rapid overactivation of cytokines and chemokines known as "cytokine storm", and a high risk of thrombosis and thromboembolism. Since there is no specific therapy for this new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), searching for an effective and safe anti-inflammatory therapy is critical.Materials and methods This study evaluated efficacy and safety of pulse therapy with high doses of glucocorticosteroids (GCS), methylprednisolone 1,000 mg for 3 days plus dexamethasone 8 mg for another 3-5 days, in 17 patients with severe coronavirus pneumonia as a part of retrospective comparative analysis (17 patients in control group).