Bone Regeneration with Dental Pulp Stem Cells in an Experimental Model.

Background/objectives: The therapeutic approach to bone mass loss and bone's limited self-regeneration is a major focus of research, emphasizing new biomaterials and cell therapy. Tissue bioengineering emerges as a potential alternative to conventional treatments. In this study, an experimental model of a critical bone lesion in rats was used to investigate bone regeneration by treating the defect with biomaterials Evolution and Gen-Os (OsteoBiol, Turín, Italy), with or without mesenchymal stromal cells from dental pulp (DP-MSCs).

Effect of Vagus Nerve Stimulation on the GASH/Sal Audiogenic-Seizure-Prone Hamster.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjuvant neuromodulation therapy for the treatment of refractory epilepsy. However, the mechanisms behind its effectiveness are not fully understood. Our aim was to develop a VNS protocol for the Genetic Audiogenic Seizure Hamster from Salamanca (GASH/Sal) in order to evaluate the mechanisms of action of the therapy.

Endoglin and Other Angiogenesis Markers in Recurrent Varicose Veins.

Background: Surgery on varicose veins (crossectomy and stripping) may lead to recurrence, with clinical and socioeconomic repercussions. The etiopathogenesis of varicose veins has yet to be fully understood.

Objective: Study the expression of endoglin and other molecules involved in the neovascularisation process in patients suffering from this disease.

The First Aortic Endoaneurysmorrhaphy: Ricardo Lozano Monzón (1872-1934).

In 1888, Rudolph Matas described and performed a procedure (endoaneurysmorrhaphy) that revolutionized the treatment of aneurysms, which for centuries had been untreatable or simply involved treatment by ligation and other marginal techniques. In 1940, during the annual meeting of the Matas presented the excellent results he had obtained with 98 endoaneurysmorrhaphies, although none of these cases involved an aortic aneurysm. On November 4, 1904, a Spanish surgeon called Ricardo Lozano Monzón was the first person in the world to perform an endoaneurysmorrhaphy on a patient suffering from an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Stromal SNAI2 Is Required for ERBB2 Breast Cancer Progression.

SNAI2 overexpression appears to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, yet it remains unclear in which breast cancer subtypes this occurs. Here we show that excess SNAI2 is associated with a poor prognosis of luminal B HER2/ERBB2 breast cancers in which SNAI2 expression in the stroma but not the epithelium correlates with tumor proliferation. To determine how stromal SNAI2 might influence HER2 tumor behavior, -deficient mice were crossed with a mouse line carrying the protooncogene to generate HER2/ERBB2 breast cancer.

Cardiotrophin-1 Improves Kidney Preservation, Graft Function, and Survival in Transplanted Rats.

Background: Cold ischemia-reperfusion injury is unavoidable during organ transplantation, and prolonged preservation is associated with poorer function recovery. Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is an IL-6 family cytokine with cytoprotective properties. This preclinical study in rats tested whether CT-1 mitigates cold renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in the context of the transplantation of long-time preserved kidneys.

Peri-implant and Paracrestal Inflammatory Biomarkers at Failing Versus Surviving Implant Sites in a Beagle Dog Study.

Purpose: This study sought to quantify three biochemical mediators of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], superoxide anion [SOA], and myeloperoxidase [MPO]) by analyzing crestal (peri-implants) and paracrestal gingival biopsy samples obtained from an experimental study on beagle dogs treated with implants inserted immediately into fresh sockets with circumferential defects.

Materials And Methods: In 10 beagle dogs, 4 roughened titanium implants (3.8 mm wide × 8 mm high) were placed in the distal sockets of the third and fourth premolars, where a circumferential defect (5 mm wide and 5 mm deep) had been previously created by trephination.

Unraveling heterogeneous susceptibility and the evolution of breast cancer using a systems biology approach.

Background: An essential question in cancer is why individuals with the same disease have different clinical outcomes. Progress toward a more personalized medicine in cancer patients requires taking into account the underlying heterogeneity at different molecular levels.

Results: Here, we present a model in which there are complex interactions at different cellular and systemic levels that account for the heterogeneity of susceptibility to and evolution of ERBB2-positive breast cancers.

Protective effect of new nitrosothiols on the early inflammatory response to kidney ischemia/reperfusion and transplantation in rats.

Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is characterized by severe inflammatory damage. We assessed the effect of administrating recently developed nitrosothiol compounds acting as nitric oxide (NO) donors on the production of cytokines and other markers of acute inflammatory reaction in an experimental model of warm (I/R), and in a model of cold ischemia and transplant in rats. Warm ischemia was achieved by ligation of left renal pedicle for 60 min, followed by contralateral nephrectomy.

Effect of adenosine in extracellular matrix synthesis in human and rat mesangial cells.

Adenosine (ADO) is an intermediary metabolite of adenosine trisphosphate degradation and a vasoactive mediator. We showed previously that ADO induces contraction and proliferation in rat mesangial cells by a mechanism involving A1 and A2 receptors. The studies concerning the effect of ADO on extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in mesangial cells are scarce.

Involvement of H- and N-Ras isoforms in transforming growth factor-beta1-induced proliferation and in collagen and fibronectin synthesis.

Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) has a relevant role in the origin and maintenance of glomerulosclerosis and tubule-interstitial fibrosis. TGF-beta and Ras signaling pathways are closely related: TGF-beta1 overcomes Ras mitogenic effects and Ras counteracts TGF-beta signaling. Tubule-interstitial fibrosis is associated to increases in Ras, Erk, and Akt activation in a renal fibrosis model.