Design and implementation of optics for the experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping (EXCLAIM).

This work describes the design and implementation of optics for EXCLAIM, the EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping. EXCLAIM is a balloon-borne telescope that will measure integrated line emission from carbon monoxide at redshifts z < 1 and ionized carbon ([CII]) at redshifts z = 2.5 - 3.

Measurement of the 2νββ Decay Half-Life of ^{82}Se with the Global CUPID-0 Background Model.

We report on the results obtained with the global CUPID-0 background model, which combines the data collected in the two measurement campaigns for a total exposure of 8.82  kg×yr of ^{82}Se. We identify with improved precision the background sources within the 3 MeV energy region, where neutrinoless double β decay of ^{82}Se and ^{100}Mo is expected, making more solid the foundations for the background budget of the next-generation CUPID experiment.

Characterization of a kg-scale archaeological lead-based PbWO cryogenic detector for the RES-NOVA experiment.

Core-collapse Supernovae (SNe) are one of the most energetic events in the Universe, during which almost all the star's binding energy is released in the form of neutrinos. These particles are direct probes of the processes occurring in the stellar core and provide unique insights into the gravitational collapse. RES-NOVA will revolutionize how we detect neutrinos from astrophysical sources, by deploying the first ton-scale array of cryogenic detectors made from archaeological lead.

Final Result on the Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of ^{82}Se with CUPID-0.

CUPID-0, an array of Zn^{82}Se cryogenic calorimeters, was the first medium-scale demonstrator of the scintillating bolometers' technology. The first project phase (March 2017-December 2018) allowed the most stringent limit on the neutrinoless double beta decay half-life of the isotope of interest, ^{82}Se, to be set. After a six month long detector upgrade, CUPID-0 began its second and last phase (June 2019-February 2020).

Background identification in cryogenic calorimeters through delayed coincidences.

Localization and modeling of radioactive contaminations is a challenge that ultra-low background experiments are constantly facing. These are fundamental steps both to extract scientific results and to further reduce the background of the detectors. Here we present an innovative technique based on the analysis of delayed coincidences in Th and U decay chains, developed to investigate the contaminations of the ZnSe crystals in the CUPID-0 experiment.

Oxidation State and Surface Reconstruction of Cu under CO Reduction Conditions from X-ray Characterization.

The electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR) using Cu-based catalysts holds great potential for producing valuable multi-carbon products from renewable energy. However, the chemical and structural state of Cu catalyst surfaces during the CORR remains a matter of debate. Here, we show the structural evolution of the near-surface region of polycrystalline Cu electrodes under conditions through a combination of grazing incidence X-ray absorption spectroscopy (GIXAS) and X-ray diffraction (GIXRD).

Evidence of Single State Dominance in the Two-Neutrino Double-β Decay of ^{82}Se with CUPID-0.

We report on the measurement of the two-neutrino double-β decay of ^{82}Se performed for the first time with cryogenic calorimeters, in the framework of the CUPID-0 experiment. With an exposure of 9.95 kg yr of Zn^{82}Se, we determine the two-neutrino double-β decay half-life of ^{82}Se with an unprecedented precision level, T_{1/2}^{2ν}=[8.

Final Result of CUPID-0 Phase-I in the Search for the ^{82}Se Neutrinoless Double-β Decay.

CUPID-0 is the first pilot experiment of CUPID, a next-generation project for the measurement of neutrinoless double beta decay (0νDBD) with scintillating bolometers. The detector, consisting of 24 enriched and 2 natural ZnSe crystals, has been taking data at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso from June 2017 to December 2018, collecting a ^{82}Se exposure of 5.29  kg×yr.

Electrochemical flow cell enabling operando probing of electrocatalyst surfaces by X-ray spectroscopy and diffraction.

The rational improvement of current and developing electrochemical technologies requires atomistic understanding of electrode-electrolyte interfaces. However, examining these interfaces under operando conditions, where performance is typically evaluated and benchmarked, remains challenging, as it necessitates incorporating an operando probe during full electrochemical operation. In this study, we describe a custom electrochemical flow cell that enables near-surface-sensitive operando investigation of planar thin-film catalysts at significant hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) rates (in excess of -100 mA cm-2) using grazing incidence X-ray methods.

Hybrid photoelectrochemical and photovoltaic cells for simultaneous production of chemical fuels and electrical power.

Harnessing solar energy to drive photoelectrochemical reactions is widely studied for sustainable fuel production and versatile energy storage over different timescales. However, the majority of solar photoelectrochemical cells cannot drive the overall photosynthesis reactions without the assistance of an external power source. A device for simultaneous and direct production of renewable fuels and electrical power from sunlight is now proposed.

First Result on the Neutrinoless Double-β Decay of ^{82}Se with CUPID-0.

We report the result of the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of ^{82}Se obtained with CUPID-0, the first large array of scintillating Zn^{82}Se cryogenic calorimeters implementing particle identification. We observe no signal in a 1.83 kg yr ^{82}Se exposure, and we set the most stringent lower limit on the 0νββ ^{82}Se half-life T_{1/2}^{0ν}>2.

First Results from CUORE: A Search for Lepton Number Violation via 0νββ Decay of ^{130}Te.

The CUORE experiment, a ton-scale cryogenic bolometer array, recently began operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The array represents a significant advancement in this technology, and in this work we apply it for the first time to a high-sensitivity search for a lepton-number-violating process: ^{130}Te neutrinoless double-beta decay. Examining a total TeO_{2} exposure of 86.

CUPID-0: the first array of enriched scintillating bolometers for 0 decay investigations.

The CUPID-0 detector hosted at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy, is the first large array of enriched scintillating cryogenic detectors for the investigation of Se neutrinoless double-beta decay ( ). CUPID-0 aims at measuring a background index in the region of interest (RoI) for at the level of 10  counts/(keV kg years), the lowest value ever measured using cryogenic detectors. CUPID-0 operates an array of Zn Se scintillating bolometers coupled with bolometric light detectors, with a state of the art technology for background suppression and thorough protocols and procedures for the detector preparation and construction.

Search of the neutrino-less double beta decay of Se into the excited states of Kr with CUPID-0.

The CUPID-0 experiment searches for double beta decay using cryogenic calorimeters with double (heat and light) read-out. The detector, consisting of 24 ZnSe crystals 95 enriched in Se and two natural ZnSe crystals, started data-taking in 2017 at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. We present the search for the neutrino-less double beta decay of Se into the 0 , 2 and 2 excited states of Kr with an exposure of 5.

Analysis of cryogenic calorimeters with light and heat read-out for double beta decay searches.

The suppression of spurious events in the region of interest for neutrinoless double beta decay will play a major role in next generation experiments. The background of detectors based on the technology of cryogenic calorimeters is expected to be dominated by particles, that could be disentangled from double beta decay signals by exploiting the difference in the emission of the scintillation light. CUPID-0, an array of enriched Zn Se scintillating calorimeters, is the first large mass demonstrator of this technology.

Relationship of breast MRI to recurrence rates in patients undergoing breast-conservation treatment.

Purpose: The effect of pre-operative MRI on the in-breast tumor recurrence rate (IBTR) of patients undergoing breast-conservation treatment (BCT) remains uncertain. We began to routinely perform pre-operative MRI in 2006. Our goal was to determine the effect of pre-operative MRI on IBTR.

An Educational Intervention Decreases Opioid Prescribing After General Surgical Operations.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether an educational intervention was sufficient to decrease opioid prescribing after general surgical operations.

Summary Of Background Data: We recently analyzed opioid prescription and use for 5 common outpatient operations at our institution: partial mastectomy (PM), PM with sentinel lymph node biopsy (PM SLNB), laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIH), and open inguinal hernia repair (IH). We found that opioids were over-prescribed.

Development of -containing scintillating bolometers for a high-sensitivity neutrinoless double-beta decay search.

This paper reports on the development of a technology involving -enriched scintillating bolometers, compatible with the goals of CUPID, a proposed next-generation bolometric experiment to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Large mass ( ), high optical quality, radiopure -containing zinc and lithium molybdate crystals have been produced and used to develop high performance single detector modules based on 0.2-0.

A multifunctional biphasic water splitting catalyst tailored for integration with high-performance semiconductor photoanodes.

Artificial photosystems are advanced by the development of conformal catalytic materials that promote desired chemical transformations, while also maintaining stability and minimizing parasitic light absorption for integration on surfaces of semiconductor light absorbers. Here, we demonstrate that multifunctional, nanoscale catalysts that enable high-performance photoelectrochemical energy conversion can be engineered by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition. The collective properties of tailored CoO/Co(OH) thin films simultaneously provide high activity for water splitting, permit efficient interfacial charge transport from semiconductor substrates, and enhance durability of chemically sensitive interfaces.

Defective TiO2 with high photoconductive gain for efficient and stable planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells.

Formation of planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells exhibiting both high efficiency and stability under continuous operation remains a challenge. Here, we show this can be achieved by using a defective TiO2 thin film as the electron transport layer. TiO2 layers with native defects are deposited by electron beam evaporation in an oxygen-deficient environment.

Mechanistic insights into chemical and photochemical transformations of bismuth vanadate photoanodes.

Artificial photosynthesis relies on the availability of semiconductors that are chemically stable and can efficiently capture solar energy. Although metal oxide semiconductors have been investigated for their promise to resist oxidative attack, materials in this class can suffer from chemical and photochemical instability. Here we present a methodology for evaluating corrosion mechanisms and apply it to bismuth vanadate, a state-of-the-art photoanode.

First array of enriched Zn[Formula: see text]Se bolometers to search for double beta decay.

The R&D activity performed during the last years proved the potential of ZnSe scintillating bolometers to the search for neutrino-less double beta decay, motivating the realization of the first large-mass experiment based on this technology: CUPID-0. The isotopic enrichment in [Formula: see text]Se, the Zn[Formula: see text]Se crystals growth, as well as the light detectors production have been accomplished, and the experiment is now in construction at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (Italy). In this paper we present the results obtained testing the first three Zn[Formula: see text]Se crystals operated as scintillating bolometers, and we prove that their performance in terms of energy resolution, background rejection capability and intrinsic radio-purity complies with the requirements of CUPID-0.

Electron Spin Coherence of Shallow Donors in Natural and Isotopically Enriched Germanium.

Germanium is a widely used material for electronic and optoelectronic devices and recently it has become an important material for spintronics and quantum computing applications. Donor spins in silicon have been shown to support very long coherence times (T_{2}) when the host material is isotopically enriched to remove any magnetic nuclei. Germanium also has nonmagnetic isotopes so it is expected to support long T_{2}'s while offering some new properties.

Double-beta decay investigation with highly pure enriched [Formula: see text]Se for the LUCIFER experiment.

The LUCIFER project aims at deploying the first array of enriched scintillating bolometers for the investigation of neutrinoless double-beta decay of [Formula: see text]Se. The matrix which embeds the source is an array of ZnSe crystals, where enriched [Formula: see text]Se is used as decay isotope. The radiopurity of the initial components employed for manufacturing crystals, that can be operated as bolometers, is crucial for achieving a null background level in the region of interest for double-beta decay investigations.

Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of (130)Te with CUORE-0.

We report the results of a search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in a 9.8 kg yr exposure of (130)Te using a bolometric detector array, CUORE-0. The characteristic detector energy resolution and background level in the region of interest are 5.