Yellowness in skin complexion: Analysis of self-perception of women in China evaluated against clinical parameters of yellowness.

Background: Skin "yellowness" is an abstract and subjective term, without a definitive measurement protocol. Objectives were to analyze Chinese women's self-perception of skin yellowness and associated parameters and identify objective clinical measurements that correlate with these perceptions.

Methods: Following focus group discussions, criteria for skin yellowness were defined, and validated by volunteer rankings of facial images.

Understanding the causes of skincare product pilling.

Background: Skincare and makeup "pilling" is an unsightly and undesirable phenomenon whereby skincare such as moisturizers or foundation ball up to form flakes on the skin. To date, the causes of skincare product pilling have not been studied. This study aimed to examine the relationship between skin physiology and pilling potential of sunscreen and foundation (the two products most reported by consumers to cause pilling).

Modeling of global skin aging indices among Caucasian and Asian women.

Background: The skin aging process is defined as the gradual degradation of several skin properties such as firmness, color, or the appearance of wrinkles. These properties can be assessed by trained experts, who perform an overall evaluation of the entire face.

Objective: The objective of this paper is the construction of two Global Skin Aging Indices specifically designed to model the overall skin aging process of Caucasian and Asian women.

The effect of air pollution on the skin colour and tone of Chinese women: A multicentre cohort study.

Background: Overall facial skin colour is an important sign of perceived health and attractiveness, is predetermined by genetic factors, and is influenced by cultural and living habits, ultraviolet (UV) exposure, climate/seasons and ageing. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of pollution on the skin colour of Chinese women.

Materials And Methods: A total of 203 Chinese women between 20 and 59 years of age participated in the study and were selected from two cities with different levels of air pollution.

Self-perceived and objective measurements of facial puffiness in Chinese women.

Background: Facial puffiness, caused by mild or normal fluid retention, commonly experienced by women, may not pose a health risk, but it can be a cause of cosmetic concern. The objectives of this study were to determine whether self-perceived facial puffiness can be measured objectively.

Materials And Methods: A total of 151 Chinese women between 20 and 68 years of age were recruited.

Activation of EGF receptor endocytosis and ERK1/2 signaling by BPGAP1 requires direct interaction with EEN/endophilin II and a functional RhoGAP domain.

Rho GTPases are important regulators for cell dynamics. They are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and inactivated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). We recently identified a novel RhoGAP, BPGAP1, that uses the BNIP-2 and Cdc42GAP homology (BCH) domain, RhoGAP domain and proline-rich region to regulate cell morphology and migration.

Cortactin phosphorylation as a switch for actin cytoskeletal network and cell dynamics control.

Cortactin is an important molecular scaffold for actin assembly and organization. Novel mechanistic functions of cortactin have emerged with more interacting partners identified, revealing its multifaceted roles in regulating actin cytoskeletal networks that are necessary for endocytosis, cell migration and invasion, adhesion, synaptic organization and cell morphogenesis. These processes are mediated by its multi-domains binding to F-actin and Arp2/3 complex and various SH3 targets.

BPGAP1 interacts with cortactin and facilitates its translocation to cell periphery for enhanced cell migration.

Rho GTPases control cell dynamics during growth and development. They are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and inactivated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). Many GAPs exist with various protein modules, the functions of which largely remain unknown.