Degradation of hydroxychloroquine by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes.

In this work, the degradation of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) drug in aqueous solution by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes including electrochemical oxidation (EO) using boron doped diamond (BDD) and its combination with UV irradiation (photo-assisted electrochemical oxidation, PEO) and sonication (sono-assisted electrochemical oxidation, SEO) was investigated. EO using BDD anode achieved the complete depletion of HCQ from aqueous solutions in regardless of HCQ concentration, current density, and initial pH value. The decay of HCQ was more rapid than total organic carbon (TOC) indicating that the degradation of HCQ by EO using BDD anode involves successive steps leading to the formation of organic intermediates that end to mineralize.

Efficient degradation of chloroquine drug by electro-Fenton oxidation: Effects of operating conditions and degradation mechanism.

In this work, the degradation of chloroquine (CLQ), an antiviral and antimalarial drug, using electro-Fenton oxidation was investigated. Due to the importance of hydrogen peroxide (HO) generation during electro-Fenton oxidation, effects of pH, current density, molecular oxygen (O) flow rate, and anode material on HO generation were evaluated. HO generation was enhanced by increasing the current density up to 60 mA/cm and the O flow rate up to 80 mL/min at pH 3.

Electrochemical Oxidation/Disinfection of Urine Wastewaters with Different Anode Materials.

In the present work, electrochemical technology was used simultaneously for the deactivation of microorganisms and the destruction of micro-pollutants contained in synthetic urine wastewaters. Microorganisms () were added to synthetic urine wastewaters to mimic secondary treated sewage wastewaters. Different anode materials were employed including boron-doped diamond (BDD), dimensionally stable anode (DSA: IrO and RuO) and platinum (Pt).

Antitumoral Potency by Immunomodulation of Chloroform Extract from Leaves of Nitraria retusa, Tunisian Medicinal Plant, via its Major Compounds β-sitosterol and Palmitic Acid in BALB/c Mice Bearing Induced Tumor.

This study evaluated the antitumoral effect of Chloroform extract from Nitraria retusa leaves, via its major compounds β-sitosterols and palmitic acid. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously inoculated with B16-F10 cells, then treated intra-peritoneally after 7 days with the chloroform extract for 21 days. They were then euthanized, and the tumors were weighed.

Enhancing the performance of electro-peroxone by incorporation of UV irradiation and BDD anodes.

In this work, the treatment of 4-nitrophenol (NP) in water by ozonation, electrolysis, electro-peroxone (EP), and photo-electro-peroxone (PEP) processes was investigated. PEP process is based on the combination of ozonation, UV irradiation, and electrolysis using a carbon felt cathode and a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. In this process, HO is electrochemically generated from reduction of O in the ozone generator effluent at a carbon felt cathode.

Reversal of resistance in bacteria underlies synergistic effect of essential oils with conventional antibiotics.

The pervasive of bacterial resistance earnestly threaten the prevention and the treatment of infectious diseases. Therefore, scientific communities take precedence over development of new antimicrobial agents. The aim of the study was to determine antimicrobial potency of three North-African essential oils Pituranthos chloranthus, Teucruim ramosissimum and Pistacia lentiscus individually, and in combination with antibiotics, to inhibit the growth of highly resistant clinical pathogen.

The contribution of mediated oxidation mechanisms in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid using diamond anodes.

In this work, the contribution of mediated oxidation mechanisms in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid using boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes was investigated in different electrolytes. A complete mineralization of cyanuric acid was obtained in NaCl; however lower degrees of mineralization of 70% and 40% were obtained in Na2SO4 and NaClO4, respectively. This can be explained by the nature of the oxidants electrogenerated in each electrolyte.

Investigation of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of eriodictyol through its cellular anti-oxidant activity.

Many studies have been performed to assess the potential utility of natural products as immunomodulatory agents to enhance host responses against infection or to ameliorate immune-based pathologies. To determine whether eriodictyol has immunomodulatory effects and clarify which types of immune effector cells are stimulated in vitro, we investigated the stimulatory effect of eriodictyol on spleen cells isolated from BALB/c mice. Eriodictyol significantly stimulated splenocyte proliferation.

Mechanism and kinetics of electrochemical degradation of uric acid using conductive-diamond anodes.

Uric acid (UA) is one of the principal effluents of urine wastewaters, widely used in agriculture as fertilizer, which is potentially dangerous and biorefractory. Hence, the degradation of UA (2,6,8-trihydroxy purine) in aqueous solution of pH 3.0 has been studied by conductive-diamond electrochemical oxidation.

Immunomodulatory and cellular antioxidant activities of pure compounds from Teucrium ramosissimum Desf.

Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of plant compounds is an interesting and growing area of research. Teucrium ramosissimum Desf. is a native and endemic medicinal plant from the South of Tunisia traditionally used for the treatment of many diseases.

Antitumoral potency of methanolic extract from Nitraria retusa leaves via its immunomodulatory effect.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the antitumoral effect of the methanol extract (MeOH) from Nitraria retusa leaves and to investigate its immunomodulatory activity that mediated the prevention of tumor progression in tumor-bearing mice.

Methods: Balb/c mice weighing 18-20 g were subcutaneously implanted with B16-F10 cells then injected intra-peritoneally, 7 days later with (200 mg/kg bw) of MeOH extract, for 21 days. After euthanization on day 21, the tumors were weighed.

Evaluation of an eventual ecotoxicity induced by textile effluents using a battery of biotests.

Textile industry is considered as one of the important factors of the economic growth in Tunisia. However, this prominent role has certainly some drawbacks mainly represented by the huge amounts of textile wastewaters generated that become a real menace to nature. Many previous studies showed the purifying potential of some activated sludge and bacteria (Pseudomonas putida) to decolourize textile effluents.

Evaluation of the antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, and antioxidant activities of Eriobotrya japonica leaves.

Context: The leaves of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae) are used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases.

Treatment of synthetic urine by electrochemical oxidation using conductive-diamond anodes.

In this work, the electrochemical oxidation of synthetic urine by anodic oxidation using boron-doped diamond as anode and stainless steel as cathode was investigated. Results show that complete depletion of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) can be attained regardless of the current density applied in the range 20-100 mA cm(-2). Oxalic and oxamic acids, and, in lower concentrations, creatol and guanidine were identified as the main intermediates.

Anodic oxidation of o-nitrophenol on BDD electrode: variable effects and mechanisms of degradation.

The electrochemical oxidation of pesticide, o-nitrophenol (ONP) as one kind of pesticide that is potentially dangerous and biorefractory, was studied by galvanostatic electrolysis using boron-doped diamond (BDD) as anode. The influence of several operating parameters, such as applied current density, supporting electrolyte, and initial pH value, was investigated. The best degradation occurred in the presence of Na2SO4 (0.

Fenton treatment of olive oil mill wastewater--applicability of the method and parameters effects on the degradation process.

The low biodegradability of polyphenolic compounds typically found in olive processing indicated that biological treatment is not always successful in the treatment of olive oil mill wastewater in term of COD removal. In this study the results of investigations on the applicability of Fenton's reagent in the treatment of this effluent were discussed. The efficiency of this method was determined.