Evaluation of impact of epidural volume extension on the quality of spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing proximal femoral nailing surgeries - randomized controlled study.

Introduction: Epidural volume extension is technique aiming to mitigate spinal anaesthesia induced hypotension, by reducing the dose of local anaesthetics. The present study was executed to determine the effect of epidural volume extension subarachnoid block with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine in patients undergoing proximal femoral nailing (PFN) regarding characteristics of sensory-motor block and postoperative analgesia.

The impact of Lewis acid variation on reactions with di--butyl diazo diesters.

Reactions of (BuOCN) with Lewis acids and FLPs have previously been shown to prompt the formation of diazene compounds. In this work, we show that the reaction of (BuOCN) with 9-BBN leads to a bicyclic heterocyclic product (BuOCO(BBN)CN)1. In contrast, the reactions of (BuOCN) with BF or [EtSi][B(CF)] lead to the isolation of [BuNHNHBu][BF] 2 and [BuN(H)NBu][B(CF)] 3, respectively.

Comparative evaluation of lignocaine nebulization with and without dexmedetomidine for flexible videoendoscopic guided awake nasal intubation for general anaesthesia.

Background And Aims: Awake fibreoptic intubation is considered a safe approach in airway management of a patient with difficult airway. Awake fibreoptic endoscopy needs appropriate anaesthesia of airway to suppress airway reflexes and prevent discomfort. We planned this study to evaluate effect of adding dexmedetomidine to lignocaine nebulization on conditions for awake videoendoscopic intubation.

Review of Hematology-Oncology Emergencies for Internal Medicine Residents.

The prevalence of cancer continues to grow globally every year. With therapeutic advances over the recent decades, the prevalence of individuals living with cancer continues to increase. Internal medicine residents can see patients admitted to the hospital for cancer-related emergencies.

Rapid Development of Pernicious Anemia Unmasking Underlying Gastric Adenocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies, often detected at later stages as patients remain asymptomatic until later stages. Pernicious anemia (PA), a well-known cause of vitamin B12 deficiency, is a classic risk factor for gastric cancer. Patients with PA usually present with megaloblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy; however, they can also present with nonspecific symptoms.

A Novel Near Infrared Spectroscopy Based Device for Albumin Estimation.

In this paper we have proposed a fluorescence based spectroscopy device which can be used to quantitatively estimate the amount of albumin that gets excreted out of our body. Albumin is a significant protein in bio-fluids and performs a wide range of metabolic functions. The dye that has been used as a fluorescent indicator for the presence of albumin in this study has been earlier tested with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) with satisfactory results.

ortho-Oxygenative 1,2-Difunctionalization of Diarylalkynes under Merged Gold/Organophotoredox Relay Catalysis.

Reported herein is an ortho-oxygenative 1,2-difunctionalization of diarylalkynes under merged gold/organophotoredox catalysis to access highly functionalized 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)-2-alkoxy-1-arylethan-1-ones. Detailed mechanistic studies suggested a relay process, initiating with gold-catalyzed hydroalkoxylation of alkynes, to generate enol-ether followed by a key formal [4+2]-cycloaddition reaction. The successful application of the present methodology was also shown for the synthesis of benzofurans.

Medical therapy versus TEVAR for uncomplicated type B aortic dissection.

The standard of care in uncomplicated acute type B aortic dissection (uTBAD) has been optimal medical management. Surgical repair and endovascular interventions are adjuncts in managing complicated type B dissection. Increasing safety and confidence in the thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and recent data indicating long-term complications in medical management of uTBAD has brought a shift in treatment approach.

Duplication of inferior vena cava and coagulation mutations with left-sided iliofemoral venous thrombosis.

Duplication of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with coagulation mutations in the form of factor V Leiden and mutations represents an unusual subset of patients. We are reporting a case of a 43-year-old man who presented with left iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis diagnosed on duplex ultrasound scan. At the time of catheter-directed thrombolysis with prophylactic IVC filter placement, a duplicated IVC system was observed.

Oxidant-free oxidative gold catalysis: the new paradigm in cross-coupling reactions.

The construction of C-C and C-X (X = hetero atom) bonds is the core aspect for the assembly of molecules. In this regard, late transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have retained their dominance for decades. Lately, gold catalysts have been emerging as a reliable contender for such transformations owing to the recent findings that reveal gold's potential beyond carbophilic π-Lewis acid.

Comparison of ropivacaine (0.2%) with or without clonidine 1 μg/kg for epidural labor analgesia: A randomized controlled study.

Background And Aims: The aim is to determine the effect of addition of clonidine to ropivacaine for epidural labor analgesia with regard to onset of analgesia, duration of analgesia, neonatal outcome, and quality of analgesia.

Material And Methods: A total of 60 term parturients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I and II with uncomplicated pregnancy, vertex presentation, posted for on-demand epidural labor analgesia after informed consent were divided in two groups. Group R ( = 30) patients received 10 ml solution comprising 0.

Consensus on Management of Deep Vein Thrombosis with Emphasis on NOACs (Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants): Recommendations from Inter-Disciplinary Group of Indian Experts.

It is estimated that around 2.5 lac patients are identified as having an acute venous thrombo-embolic event in India annually. This includes patients with deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and is estimated to result in more than 3.

Role of tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirement in patients undergoing hip and femoral surgeries.

Context: Pharmacological agents are used to reduce postoperative blood loss.

Aims: To assess the effects of tranexamic acid on prevention of bleeding and requirement of blood transfusion after major hip and femoral surgeries.

Settings And Design: A prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted in the tertiary care teaching hospital.

Renal autotransplantation as savior in hybrid surgery for aortic aneurysm repair.

Renal autotransplantation is a safe and effective procedure to reconstruct the urinary tract. The current indications for autotransplantation include renal vascular disease, severe ureteral damage, tumours of the kidney and ureter, complex nephrolithiasis and retroperitoneal fibrosis. We report a rare case where we had to perform renal autotransplantation along with hybrid surgery for aortic aneurysm repair.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of the heat shock response to nonablative fractional resurfacing.

Despite the emergence of nonablative fractional resurfacing (NFR) as a new therapeutic modality for skin photoaging, little is known about the molecular events that underlie the heat shock response to different treatment parameters. Human subjects are treated with a scanned 1550-nm fractional laser at pulse energies spanning 6 to 40 mJ and a 140-μm spot size. The heat shock response is assessed immunohistochemically immediately through 7 days posttreatment.

Prevalence of common thrombophilia markers and risk factors in Indian patients with primary venous thrombosis.

Context And Objective: venous thrombosis occurs as a result of interaction of genetic and acquired factors including activated protein C resistance (APC-R), fibrinogen levels, antithrombin, protein C, protein S, lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of these common thrombophilia markers in Asian Indians with primary venous thrombosis.

Design And Setting: this was a cross-sectional study carried out in Mumbai.

In vivo confocal imaging of epidermal cell migration and dermal changes post nonablative fractional resurfacing: study of the wound healing process with corroborated histopathologic evidence.

In vivo wound healing response post nonablative fractional laser treatment is evaluated. Seven healthy subjects receive treatments with a Fraxel re:store laser system on the forearm with pulse energies ranging from 10 to 70 mJ. The treatment sites are imaged at 1-h increments up to 40 h using confocal microscope z-stacks using 10-mum-depth spacing.

Fractional deep dermal ablation induces tissue tightening.

Background And Objective: Due to the significant risk profile associated with traditional ablative resurfacing, a safer and less invasive treatment approach known as fractional deep dermal ablation (FDDA) was recently developed. We report the results of the first clinical investigation of this modality for treatment of photodamaged skin.

Study Design/materials And Methods: Twenty-four subjects received treatments on the inner forearm with a prototype fractional CO(2) laser device (Reliant Technologies Inc.

Non Surgical Management of Pseudoaneurysms.

Background: The incidence of pseudoaneurysm has increased due to the large number of vascular procedures performed and the widespread use of anticoagulation therapy during procedures. Non-invasive methods for management of pseudoaneurysms comprise of ultrasound guided compression (USGC), thrombin therapy, arterial embolisation and endovascular stent graft insertion. We discuss our experience in the management of fourteen cases of pseudoaneurysms using non surgical techniques.

In vivo histological evaluation of a novel ablative fractional resurfacing device.

Background And Objectives: A novel carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser device employing ablative fractional resurfacing was tested on human skin in vivo for the first time.

Study Design/materials And Methods: An investigational 30 W, 10.6 microm CO(2) laser system was focused to a 1/e(2) spot size of 120 microm to generate an array of microscopic treatment zones (MTZ) in human forearm skin.

Ex vivo histological characterization of a novel ablative fractional resurfacing device.

Background And Objectives: We introduce a novel CO(2) laser device that utilizes ablative fractional resurfacing for deep dermal tissue removal and characterize the resultant thermal effects in skin.

Study Design/materials And Methods: A prototype 30 W, 10.6 microm CO(2) laser was focused to a 1/e(2) spot size of 120 microm and pulse duration up to 0.

The effects of pulse energy variations on the dimensions of microscopic thermal treatment zones in nonablative fractional resurfacing.

Background And Objectives: We examined the effects of pulse energy variations on the dimensions of microscopic thermal injury zones (MTZs) created on human skin ex vivo and in vivo using nonablative fractional resurfacing.

Materials And Methods: A Fraxel SR laser system emitting at 1,550 nm provided an array of microscopic spots at variable densities. Pulse energies ranging from 4.