The Impact of Higher Than Recommended Gestational Weight Gain on Fetal Growth and Perinatal Risk Factors-The IOM Criteria Reconsidered.

A too-high gestational weight gain, in combination with steadily increasing obesity rates among women of reproductive age, represents an enormous obstetrical problem, as obesity and high gestational weight gain are associated with enhanced fetal growth, low vital parameters, and increased cesarean section rates. This medical record-based study investigates the association patterns between too-low as well as too-high gestational weight gain, according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines, and fetal growth, as well as birth mode and pregnancy outcome. The data of 11,755 singleton births that had taken place between 2010 and 2020 at the Public Clinic Donaustadt in Vienna, Austria, were analyzed.

Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity Affects Foetal Growth, Birth Outcome, Mode of Delivery, and Miscarriage Rate in Austrian Women.

The increasing obesity rates among women of reproductive age create a major obstetrical problem as obesity during pregnancy is associated with many complications, such as a higher rate of caesarean sections. This medical record-based study investigates the effects of maternal prepregnancy obesity on newborn parameters, birth mode, and miscarriage rate. The data of 15,404 singleton births that had taken place between 2009 and 2019 at the public Danube Hospital in Vienna were enrolled in the study.

Fetal size at the 32nd gestational week is associated with the risk of breech presentation at term birth.

Objectives: The association patterns between breech presentation at birth and fetal biometry at the first, second, and third trimesters, newborn size but also maternal age, body height, prepregnancy weight status as well as gestational weight gain, were analyzed using a dataset of 4501 singleton term birth in Vienna, Austria.

Methods: In this medical record-based study, fetal biometry was reconstructed based on the results of three ultrasound examinations conducted at the 11th/12th, 20th, and 32nd gestational weeks. Head dimensions, abdominal dimensions, and femur length were determined by sonography.

Pregnancy Outcome during the First COVID 19 Lockdown in Vienna, Austria.

The COVID 19 pandemic represents a major stress factor for non-infected pregnant women. Although maternal stress during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction, an increasing number of studies yielded no negative effects of COVID 19 lockdowns on pregnancy outcome. The present study focused on pregnancy outcome during the first COVID 19 lockdown phase in Austria.

Association patterns of fetal head dimensions, postcranial body growth and neonatal size.

The association patterns between fetal biometry at the first, second and third trimester and neonatal size were analyzed using a dataset of 3814 singleton term birth taking place at the Viennese Danube hospital in Austria between 2005 and 2013. In this electronic medical record-based study, fetal biometry was estimated by the results of three ultrasound examinations carried out at the 11/12, 20/21 and 32/33week of gestation. In detail, crown-rump length, biparietal diameter, fronto-occipital diameter, head circumference, abdominal transverse diameter, abdominal anterior-posterior diameter, abdominal circumference, and femur length were determined.

DiGeorge syndrome chromosome region deletion and duplication: Prenatal genotype-phenotype variability in fetal ultrasound and MRI.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess genotype-phenotype correlation of prenatally diagnosed fetal DGS and dup22q11 syndrome by fetal molecular genetic analysis, fetal ultrasound, and/or MRI.

Methods: In this retrospective consecutive case series, pregnant women were screened for fetal anomalies during a period of 10 years. Fetal genotype was assessed in 72 cases upon the occurrence of five prenatal fetal phenotypic features: cardiac anomalies, hypo/aplastic thymus, craniofacial malformations, urinary abnormalities, or IUGR; genotype-phenotype correlation was tested to potentially improve prenatal diagnosis of fetal DGS and dup22q11 syndrome.

[Elbow Luxation at Birth? - Differential Diagnosis of Elbow Disorders presenting at Birth].

This is a case report of an isolated congenital radial head dislocation (CRHD) presenting after a breech delivery. The implications of this delivery mode led to the misdiagnosis of an elbow luxation. We found that elbow luxation is a common misdiagnosis of CRHD, although it has not been reported in children younger than one year.

Recent Lifestyle Parameters Are Associated with Increasing Caesarean Section Rates among Singleton Term Births in Austria.

Caesarean section (CS) rates are increasing in many parts of the world, recently reaching about 20% worldwide. The postmodern lifestyle characteristics, obesity and delayed childbirth, have been put forward as the main reasons for high CS rates. The present study tests the association patterns between lifestyle parameters and delivery mode on a data set of 3786 births in Vienna between 2005 and 2013.

Morphology of early intrauterine deaths with full trisomy 15.

Objective: The morphologic features of embryos with full trisomy 15 are described.

Method: A total of 1195 pregnancy losses were examined embryoscopically and cytogenetically.

Results: Of 1173 successfully karyotyped specimens, full trisomy 15 was diagnosed cytogenetically in 59 cases (5%).

Combination of first trimester serum afamin levels and three-dimensional placental bed vascularization as a possible screening method to detect women at-risk for adverse pregnancy complications like pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus in low-risk pregnancies.

Objective: Aim of the study was to assess the correlation of first trimester serum afamin levels with three-dimensional placental bed vascularization in pregnant women and its prognostic value for predicting pre-eclampsia and future fetal and maternal complications during pregnancy.

Methods: In this nested case-control study all pregnant women registered for delivery during a period of 3 years were routinely screened in the first trimester. Serum afamin levels were assessed in 764 women and correlated to 5 pregnancy outcome groups: gestational hypertension (n = 76), pre-eclampsia (n = 33), intrauterine growth restriction (n = 91), pre-term birth (n = 39), gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 170); In addition, measurements of first trimester myometrial vascularization index were performed and, in combination with afamin tested as a possible screening method to detect women at-risk for the development of adverse complications in low-risk pregnancies at the time of the first trimester.

Transcervical embryoscopic and cytogenetic findings reveal distinctive differences in primary and secondary recurrent pregnancy loss.

Objective: To assess the cytogenetic and embryoscopic characteristics of primary and secondary recurrent pregnancy loss.

Design: Clinical prospective descriptive study.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

MATERNAL HEIGHT AND PRE-PREGNANCY WEIGHT STATUS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH FETAL GROWTH PATTERNS AND NEWBORN SIZE.

The impact of maternal height, pre-pregnancy weight status and gestational weight gain on fetal growth patterns and newborn size was analysed using a dataset of 4261 singleton term births taking place at the Viennese Danube Hospital between 2005 and 2013. Fetal growth patterns were reconstructed from three ultrasound examinations carried out at the 11th/12th, 20th/21th and 32th/33th weeks of gestation. Crown-rump length, biparietal diameter, fronto-occipital diameter, head circumference, abdominal transverse diameter, abdominal anterior-posterior diameter, abdominal circumference and femur length were determined.

Maternal obesity affects newborn somatometrics and vital parameters in a gender typical manner--evidence for the male disadvantage hypothesis?

According to the male disadvantage hypothesis male foetuses react more sensitive to maternal stress factors during gestation. In the present study the gender typical impact of maternal prepregnancy overweight and obesity as well as gestational weight gain on newborn somatometrics was tested on basis of births records of 7565 births, which took place in Vienna Austria. Maternal weight status was determined at the beginning of pregnancy according to the WHO recommendations.

Amenorrhea and BMI as independent determinants of patient satisfaction in LNG-IUD users: cross-sectional study in a Central European district.

Objective: This study investigated the satisfaction of women carrying the LNG-IUD and determined influencing factors, especially considering bleeding patterns and body mass index (BMI).

Design: Cross sectional study.

Setting: Gynecological offices in a Central European district.

Thiocyanate catalyzes myeloperoxidase-initiated lipid oxidation in LDL.

There is evidence that LDL oxidation may render the lipoprotein atherogenic. The myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide (MPO/H2O2) system of activated phagocytes may be involved in this process. Chloride is supposed to be the major substrate for MPO, generating reactive hypochlorous acid (HOCl), modifying LDL.

The mouse mammary tumor virus-like env gene sequence is not detectable in breast cancer tissue of Austrian patients.

The mammary mouse tumor virus (MMTV) has been related to human breast cancer in previous studies, but these have yielded contradictory results. An MMTV env gene-like sequence was detectable in a relatively high proportion (38%) of human breast cancer tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of this 660 bp MMTV env gene-like sequence in a population of Austrian breast cancer patients.

Nicotine consumption before and during pregnancy affects not only newborn size but also birth modus.

The associations between cigarette smoking before and during pregnancy and maternal body size (pre-pregnancy weight status, end of pregnancy weight status, weight gain during pregnancy) and newborn size (birth weight, length, head circumference, arcomial circumference), as well as birth modus, were tested in 7803 single full-term births in Vienna. Nicotine consumption before and during pregnancy was found to be associated with smaller and lighter newborns, although maternal weight status and weight gain during pregnancy was significantly higher in smokers. Furthermore, a higher incidence of Caesarean sections was found in smokers.

Impact of maternal age and maternal somatic characteristics on newborn size.

Pregnancies during early adolescence were commonly thought to represent special risks, such as preterm delivery or low-weight newborns, resulting in increased mortality and morbidity of mother and child. An important biopsychosocial interaction can be assumed. In the present study the impact of maternal age and maternal somatic characteristics such as prepregnancy weight, stature, or pregnancy weight gain on newborn somatometric features (birth weight, birth length, head circumference, and arcomial circumference) using a dataset of 8,011 single term births were analyzed.

[Serous-papillary adenocarcinoma with Müllerian neoplasia after prophylactic ovariectomy].

The so-called prophylactic ovariectomy, i.e. the removal of macroscopically nonpathological ovaries during laparotomy or vaginal hysterectomy, does not always prevent ovarian cancer.