SyntheVAEiser: augmenting traditional machine learning methods with VAE-based gene expression sample generation for improved cancer subtype predictions.

The accuracy of machine learning methods is often limited by the amount of training data that is available. We proposed to improve machine learning training regimes by augmenting datasets with synthetically generated samples. We present a method for synthesizing gene expression samples and test the system's capabilities for improving the accuracy of categorical prediction of cancer subtypes.

A systematic review of cost-effectiveness analyses of gene therapy for hemophilia type A and B.

Background: In 2022-2023, the US Food and Drug Administration approved 2 novel gene therapies, valoctocogene roxaparvovec and etranacogene dezaparavovec, for hemophilia A and B, respectively. These one-time-administered gene therapies have been marketed at prices that create financial challenges for payers and patients. Understanding the magnitude and uncertainties around the long-term value of these therapies and how they can potentially relate to managed care practices is of high interest to the payer and patient community.

Physical activity from the perspective of older adults: a convergent mixed-method study.

Background: Older adults are insufficiently physically active, despite its importance for healthy aging. To develop appropriate physical activity interventions, it is necessary to understand their physical activity. This study applies a theoretical perspective, the COM-B model, and a mixed-method design to examine what influences older adults' physical activity levels with three questions: (1) What individual and external factors predict older adults' physical activity levels? (2) What do older adults perceive as influencing their levels of physical activity? (3) To what extent do the quantitative results on older adults' physical activity levels agree and disagree with the qualitative findings on older adults' physical activity levels?

Methods: A convergent mixed-method design was used with questionnaire (n = 334) and interview (n = 14) data from adults 65 years and older.

Children's and adolescents' views of health and mental health concepts - A qualitative group interview study.

Background: Definitions and perceptions of health and mental health have not remained static over time. This is also true for statistics over Swedish children's and adolescents' health and mental health status. The majority of Swedish school-aged children and adolescents report good physical health and good life satisfaction.

Symptom burden among men treated for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a longitudinal study.

Objectives: Despite rapid expansion of treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and the importance of symptom management for enhancing quality of life, few studies have focused on men's experiences of symptom burden over time when receiving one or more lines of treatment in a real-world situation in this phase. The aim was to investigate changes in the multidimensional symptom burden during the first year of life-prolonging treatment of mCRPC.

Methods: Longitudinal data from the first year of life-prolonging treatment for 134 men with mCRPC were used.

Dexamethasone treatment influences tendon healing through altered resolution and a direct effect on tendon cells.

Inflammation, corticosteroids, and loading all affect tendon healing, with an interaction between them. However, underlying mechanisms behind the effect of corticosteroids and the interaction with loading remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of dexamethasone during tendon healing, including specific effects on tendon cells.

Understanding factors for adhering to health recommendations during COVID-19 among older adults - a qualitative interview study using health belief model as analytical framework.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a unique possibility to broaden the understanding of people's reactions to a global crisis. Early on, it became evident that older adults were particularly vulnerable to the virus and that the actions of this age group would be crucial to the outcome. This qualitative interview study uses the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework as an analytical tool to examine older people's experiences of adherence to recommendations during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Symptoms and quality of life among men starting treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer - a prospective multicenter study.

Background: Men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have an incurable disease. Along with prolonging life, symptom management is one of the main goals with treatment. This is also important from a palliative care perspective where the life prolonging outcomes should be balanced with quality of life (QoL) in this late phase.

Injectable hydrogel induces regeneration of naturally degenerate human intervertebral discs in a loaded organ culture model.

Low back pain resulting from disc degeneration is a leading cause of disability worldwide. However, to date few therapies target the cause and fail to repair the intervertebral disc (IVD). This study investigates the ability of an injectable hydrogel (NPgel), to inhibit catabolic protein expression and promote matrix expression in human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells within a tissue explant culture model isolated from degenerate discs.

Time-Dependent Change in Carpal Tunnel Cross-Sectional Area and Transverse Carpal Ligament Thickness Using Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies-An Anatomical Study.

Purpose: Idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common compressive neuropathy. Aging and female sex are risk factors, but the reasons are unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether identifiable radiographic changes resulting in a decrease in carpal tunnel area (CTA) over time exist.

Children and youth's perceptions of mental health-a scoping review of qualitative studies.

Background: Recent research indicates that understanding how children and youth perceive mental health, how it is manifests, and where the line between mental health issues and everyday challenges should be drawn, is complex and varied. Consequently, it is important to investigate how children and youth perceive and communicate about mental health. With this in mind, our goal is to synthesize the literature on how children and youth (ages 10-25) perceive and conceptualize mental health.

A randomized controlled pilot study assessing feasibility and safety of a wilderness program for childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: the WAYA study.

Background: The majority of childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) cancer survivors suffers from long-lasting health issues following cancer treatment. It is therefore critical to explore effective health promotion strategies to address their needs. Exposure to nature is a promising approach to support the needs of young cancer survivors.

Relationship between Eczema and Self-reported Difficulties Keeping up with School Education: A Cross-sectional Study.

Eczema is a common chronic disease that affects both children and adults, and may have an adverse impact on school performance, as it is characteristically pruritic, and hence may lead to poor concentration and inadequate sleep. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between eczema and self-reported difficulties keeping up with school education. The study was based on cross-sectional questionnaire data collected in schools among all 9th graders (15-16 years old) within a Swedish county.

Unplanned Pregnancy and Depressive Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This is a cross-sectional study conducted with pregnant women who underwent prenatal care at basic health units in São Luís City, Maranhão State, Brazil. The authors used a semistructured questionnaire to assess the socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical characteristics of pregnant women as well as the Edinburgh Scale to investigate depressive symptoms. In order to assess the association between the explanatory variable and the outcome variable, Poisson logistic regression was performed with statistical significance at p < 0.

Hyaluronic acid spacer in prostate cancer radiotherapy: dosimetric effects, spacer stability and long-term toxicity and PRO in a phase II study.

Background: Perirectal spacers may be beneficial to reduce rectal side effects from radiotherapy (RT). Here, we present the impact of a hyaluronic acid (HA) perirectal spacer on rectal dose as well as spacer stability, long-term gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity and patient-reported outcome (PRO).

Methods: In this phase II study 81 patients with low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer received transrectal injections with HA before external beam RT (78 Gy in 39 fractions).

Exploring Potential Modifiers of the Association Between Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Risk of Bullying Exposure.

This survey study examines data from the National Survey of Children’s Health to determine which sociodemographic factors might modify the association between neurodevelopmental disorders and being bullied.

Is ultra-hypo-fractionated radiotherapy more cost-effective relative to conventional fractionation in treatment of prostate cancer? A cost-utility analysis alongside a randomized HYPO-RT-PC trial.

Background: Economic evidence for comparing low fraction with ultra-hypo fractionated (UHF) radiation therapy in the treatment of intermediate-to-high-risk prostate cancer (PC) is lacking, especially in Europe. This study presents an economic evaluation performed alongside an ongoing clinical trial.

Aim: To investigate up to 6 years' follow-up whether conventional fractionation (CF, 78.

Signs and symptoms in relation to progression, experiences of an uncertain illness situation in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer-A qualitative study.

Objective: Signs and symptoms are important in monitoring prostate cancer, but there is a lack of understanding about the men's interpretation of signs and symptoms in relation to disease progression in advanced phases of the disease. The aim was to illuminate the experience of signs and symptoms in relation to disease progression in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Method: Thirty longitudinal interviews were conducted with 11 men undergoing life-prolonging treatment for mCRPC.

The effect of robot interventions on sleep in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Study Objectives: Robotic pets or companion robots have demonstrated positive effects on several emotional and physiological factors in humans. Robots could constitute a complementary or alternative method to treat sleep problems, but individual studies on robots' effectiveness regarding sleep show mixed results. The aim of the current study was to compare the effects of robots, plush toys, and treatment as usual on sleep in adults.

Flipped or traditional online teaching? Two different strategies to handle teaching in nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in academic achievement between two groups of students who were taught the same course online within the nursing program but through two different teaching strategies and to examine the students' attitudes towards flipped classroom.

Methods: Online lectures using Zoom was given to teach a course regarding the immune system and another course was taught the same subject in flipped classroom approach using video lectures followed by seminars. Academic achievement were compared between the groups, and perspectives on flipped classroom were investigated using a questionnaire.

Patient safety when receiving telephone advice in primary care - a Swedish qualitative interview study.

Background: A lack of patient safety is a significant global public health challenge and is one of the leading causes of death and disability, entailing significant financial and economic costs. However, patient safety can be improved and patients can avoid being harmed if more knowledge could be gained about what it is that impacts patient safety. Patient safety when receiving telephone advice is an important issue given the increase in digitalization in healthcare services.

Life Challenges and Barriers to Help Seeking: Adolescents' and Young Adults' Voices of Mental Health.

Listening to the voices of adolescents and young adults regarding their lived experiences could be a way to identify important skills and abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour that will enable youth to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life. Hence, the aim with the current study is to explore the experiences and understandings of the life situation among adolescents and young adults of today, by making their voices heard in regards to mental health and help-seeking behaviour. A total of 6 group interviews were conducted with 22 adolescents and young adults (13 girls and 9 boys) ages 17-25 (M = 18.

The reactome pathway knowledgebase 2022.

The Reactome Knowledgebase (https://reactome.org), an Elixir core resource, provides manually curated molecular details across a broad range of physiological and pathological biological processes in humans, including both hereditary and acquired disease processes. The processes are annotated as an ordered network of molecular transformations in a single consistent data model.

Views on Adolescents' Mental Health in Sweden-A Qualitative Study among Different Professionals Working with Adolescents.

Professionals who meet and work with adolescents hold important information and perspectives on adolescents' mental health that, in addition to the adolescents' voices, can shed light on complex issues. The aim was to explore professionals' views on what challenges they face and how they can strengthen today's adolescents' mental health. This study involves four group interviews, conducted in March and October of 2020, including professionals with different working backgrounds.

A Framework-Based Approach to Assessing Mental Health Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Adolescents.

The COVID-19 pandemic has yielded extensive impacts globally in the year of 2020. Although the mental health of children and adolescents may be particularly susceptible to stressors stemming from the pandemic and anti-contagion policies, most ongoing efforts are geared toward curbing the viral spread. In the current perspective, we have identified four domains of factors corresponding to an ecological framework that may directly or indirectly influence the mental health of children and adolescents during the pandemic.