Deviation between the Structural Chemistry of Barium and Radium Halides: Synthesis and Characterization of RaX·HO and RaX·2HO (X = Cl and Br).

To develop the structural chemistry of radium, the halide compounds RaX·HO and RaX·2HO (X = Cl and Br) have been synthesized and characterized and serve as benchmarks for comparisons with more complex compounds in the future. In contrast with historic reports on the structural chemistry of radium, the Ra chlorides differ from their Ba analogues. For MCl·HO (M = Ba, Ra), the variance between the metal coordination environments manifests as a small, local distortion that becomes more apparent in the extended structure.

Introducing ProsperNN-a Python package for forecasting with neural networks.

We present the package prosper_nn, that provides four neural network architectures dedicated to time series forecasting, implemented in PyTorch. In addition, prosper_nn contains the first sensitivity analysis suitable for recurrent neural networks (RNN) and a heatmap to visualize forecasting uncertainty, which was previously only available in Java. These models and methods have successfully been in use in industry for two decades and were used and referenced in several scientific publications.

Fully automatic quantification of pulmonary fat attenuation volume by CT: an exploratory pilot study.

Background: Non-malignant chronic diseases remain a major public health concern. Given the alterations in lipid metabolism and deposition in the lung and its association with fibrotic interstitial lung disease (fILD) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), this study aimed to detect those alterations using computed tomography (CT)-based analysis of pulmonary fat attenuation volume (CTpfav).

Methods: This observational retrospective single-center study involved 716 chest CT scans from three subcohorts: control (n = 279), COPD (n = 283), and fILD (n = 154).

TP53 Codon 72 Polymorphism Impacts Macrophage Activation through Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Cell Signaling Alterations.

The role of the most common TP53 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codon 72, which encodes for proline (P72) or arginine (R72), in the regulation of the immune system has not yet been thoroughly explored. We found that this SNP contributes to aggravated inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients resulting from biased macrophage activation. R72-P53 inhibits mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase, leading to impaired reactive oxygen species scavenging, oxidation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), and, consequently, its inhibition.

Residual Red Blood Cell Volume in Extracorporeal Blood Circuit after Hemodialysis: A Single-Center Study.

Introduction: The factors contributing to blood loss during hemodialysis (HD) procedures remain underexplored. This study aimed to quantify blood loss during HD and identify the potential factors associated with it.

Methods: The study included 70 ESRD patients undergoing HD.

CT-based body composition analysis and pulmonary fat attenuation volume as biomarkers to predict overall survival in patients with non-specific interstitial pneumonia.

Background: Non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) is an interstitial lung disease that can result in end-stage fibrosis. We investigated the influence of body composition and pulmonary fat attenuation volume (CTpfav) on overall survival (OS) in NSIP patients.

Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, 71 NSIP patients with a median age of 65 years (interquartile range 21.

Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol.

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The acquisition of multimodal magnetic resonance-based brain development data is central to the study's core protocol. However, application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods in this population is complicated by technical challenges and difficulties of imaging in early life.

Impact of imaging biomarkers from body composition analysis on outcome of endovascularly treated acute ischemic stroke patients.

Background: We investigate the association of imaging biomarkers extracted from fully automated body composition analysis (BCA) of computed tomography (CT) angiography images of endovascularly treated acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients regarding angiographic and clinical outcome.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of AIS patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) at three tertiary care-centers between March 2019-January 2022. Baseline demographics, angiographic outcome and clinical outcome evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge were noted.

Updates and emerging trends in the management of immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

The rapidly expanding class of therapies targeting immune checkpoints for the treatment of various cancers now includes 8 clinically approved agents: a lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) inhibitor (relatlimab), a cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor (ipilimumab), three programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab and cemiplimab), and three programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab). Previously, we reviewed the mechanisms of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), strategies for management of irAEs, and highlighted similarities as well as differences amongst clinical guidelines from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). Herein, we provide an update that includes discussion of changes to these clinical guidelines since our last review, the new LAG-3 targeted agents, emerging patterns of irAEs, and new directions for improved monitoring and treatment of irAEs that could incorporate interdisciplinary pharmacist-led teams, artificial intelligence, and pharmacogenomics.

B-cell intrinsic RANK signaling cooperates with TCL1 to induce lineage-dependent B-cell transformation.

B-cell malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM), remain incurable, with MM particularly prone to relapse. Our study introduces a novel mouse model with active RANK signaling and the TCL1 oncogene, displaying both CLL and MM phenotypes. In younger mice, TCL1 and RANK expression expands CLL-like B1-lymphocytes, while MM originates from B2-cells, becoming predominant in later stages and leading to severe disease progression and mortality.

Bringing online adaptive radiotherapy to a standard C-arm linac.

Current online adaptive radiotherapy (oART) workflows require dedicated equipment. Our aim was to develop and implement an oART workflow for a C-arm linac which can be performed using standard clinically available tools. A workflow was successfully developed and implemented.

Clinical Characteristics and Patterns of Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients From a Rural Community Hospital.

Background Although demographic and clinical factors such as age, certain comorbidities, and sex have been associated with COVID-19 outcomes, these studies were largely conducted in urban populations affiliated with large academic medical centers. There have been very few studies focusing on rural populations that also characterize broader changes in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Methodology A single-center study was conducted between June 2020 and March 2021 in Abilene, Texas, USA.

Laser Megajoule performance status.

The Laser Megajoule (LMJ) is among the most energetic inertial confinement fusion laser facilities in the world, together with the National Ignition Facility (NIF) in the USA. The construction of the facility began back in 2003, and the first photons were emitted by the laser bundle #28 in 2014. Today, 11 laser bundles consisting of 88 large aperture 0.

The effects of aftercare/resettlement services on crime and violence in children and youth: A systematic review.

Background: High rates of youth re-offending indicate that young custody-leavers face challenges when reintegrating into their communities. Aftercare and resettlement programs can occur pre-, during, and post-release and generally provide multiple forms of support services to address youths' transitional needs.

Objectives: The present review examines (1) the impact of youth aftercare/resettlement programs on crime-related outcomes, (2) how treatment effect is moderated by participant, program, and study characteristics, (3) whether some types of interventions are more effective than others, (4) barriers/facilitators to effective program implementation, (5) the theory of change underlying resettlement interventions, and (6) available research on intervention cost.

Mechanisms and Barriers in Nanomedicine: Progress in the Field and Future Directions.

In recent years, steady progress has been made in synthesizing and characterizing engineered nanoparticles, resulting in several approved drugs and multiple promising candidates in clinical trials. Regulatory agencies such as the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency released important guidance documents facilitating nanoparticle-based drug product development, particularly in the context of liposomes and lipid-based carriers. Even with the progress achieved, it is clear that many barriers must still be overcome to accelerate translation into the clinic.

Comparison of Americium(III) and Neodymium(III) Monothiophosphate Complexes.

Mixed-donor ligands, such as those containing a combination of O/N or O/S, have been studied extensively for the selective extraction of trivalent actinides, especially Am and Cm, from lanthanides during the recycling of used nuclear fuel. Oxygen/sulfur donor ligand combinations also result from the hydrolytic and/or radiolytic degradation of dithiophosphates, such as the Cyanex class of extractants, which are initially converted to monothiophosphates. To understand potential differences between the binding of such degraded ligands to Nd and Am, the monothiophosphate complexes [M(OPS(OEt))(HO)] (M = Nd, Am) were prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and optical spectroscopy and studied as a function of pressure up to ca.

Oxidative stress in patients with coronavirus disease and end-stage renal disease: a pilot study.

Background: Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant capacity, increases in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or renal impairment. We investigated whether combined COVID-19 and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) would increase oxidative stress levels compared to each disease alone.

Methods: Oxidative stress was compared among three groups.

PD-BAT: A novel approach of pooling basophil donors for expansion of commercial laboratory testing of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.

The type II autoimmune subtype of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) is characterized by the presence of IgG autoantibodies targeting IgE or the IgE high-affinity receptor (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils. In evaluation of CSU patients, indirect basophil activation testing (BAT), has been utilized, involving the mixing of patient serum with heterologous peripheral blood donors, followed by flow cytometric assessment of basophil markers. However, the reliability of the indirect BAT results hinges on the quality of the donor basophils utilized.

AI-Assisted X-ray Fracture Detection in Residency Training: Evaluation in Pediatric and Adult Trauma Patients.

: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an AI-assisted fracture detection program on radiology residents' performance in pediatric and adult trauma patients and assess its implications for residency training. : This study, conducted retrospectively, included 200 radiographs from participants aged 1 to 95 years (mean age: 40.7 ± 24.

Investigation of Pressure Effects in the Bimetallic Transplutonium Tetrazolate Complexes [(An(pmtz)(HO))(μ-pmtz)](pmtz)·HO (An = Cm, Bk, and Cf).

Understanding the effects of pressure on actinide compounds is an integral part of safe nuclear waste storage in deep geologic repositories and provides a means of systematically altering the structure and properties. However, detailing how the effects of pressure evolve across the actinide series in the later elements is not typically undertaken because of the challenges of conducting research on these unstable isotopes. Here, a family of bimetallic actinide complexes, [(An(pmtz)(HO))(μ-pmtz)](pmtz)·HO (An = Cm, Bk, and Cf, pmtz = 5-(pyrimidyl)tetrazolate; , , and ), are reported and represent the first structurally characterized bimetallic berkelium and californium compounds.

A Pilot Study to Explore the Effect of Long Acting Injectable Antipsychotics on Aggression.

Objectives: To explore the effect of switching from an oral antipsychotic to a long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic on aggression, in terms of the changes of verbal and physical aggression, interventions required, self-injurious behavior, use of seclusion or restraint, antipsychotic medication refusal, and use of antipsychotics as needed (PRN).

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review at a long-term state forensic psychiatric facility. Patients treated with an oral antipsychotic for at least 6 months and then switched to a LAI antipsychotic for an additional 6 months during an 80-month period were included.