Diagnostic Performance of Multiparametric MRI for Detection of Prostate Cancer After Focal Therapy.

Background: Minimally invasive focal therapy of low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer is becoming more common and has demonstrated lower morbidity compared to other treatments. Multiparametric prostate magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has the potential to be an effective posttreatment evaluation method for residual/recurrent neoplasm.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of mpMRI to detect residual/recurrent neoplasm after focal therapy treatment of prostate cancer using a 3-point Likert scale.

Use of Population-Based Compartmental Modeling and Retinol Isotope Dilution to Study Vitamin A Kinetics and Total Body Stores among Ghanaian Women of Reproductive Age.

Background: Limited data are available on vitamin A kinetics and total body stores (TBS) in women. Such information can be obtained using compartmental modeling and retinol isotope dilution (RID).

Objectives: Objectives were to apply population-based ("super-subject") modeling to determine retinol kinetics in nonpregnant Ghanaian women of reproductive age and to use RID to predict TBS in the group and its individuals.

Established focal therapy-HIFU, IRE, or cryotherapy-where are we now?-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Focal Therapy (FT) is a treatment option for the treatment of limited volume clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). We aim to systematically review outcomes of established FT modalities to assess the contemporary baseline and identify gaps in evidence that will aid in further trial and study design.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all primary studies reporting outcomes of FT using cryotherapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and irreversible electroporation (IRE).

Bouillon fortification as a strategy to address inequities in micronutrient adequacy of diets in Nigeria.

Bouillon is a widely consumed condiment in many West African countries, including Nigeria. Although Nigeria has mandatory fortification standards for multiple food vehicles, bouillon fortification could help address remaining gaps in micronutrient intake. Using household food consumption data, we used the nutrient density method to model the additional contribution of bouillon fortified with vitamin A (40-250 µg/g bouillon), folic acid (20-120 µg/g), vitamin B12 (0.

[DIVERGesTOOL-development of a toolbox for the assessment of sex/gender diversity].

In health research, there is a need for comprehensive survey instruments capable of assessing the multidimensionality and variability of sex/gender. The research project DIVERGesTOOL was conducted in response to this need, which has become increasingly evident in recent years. The aim was to develop an application-oriented toolbox for the assessment of sex/gender diversity in quantitative health-related research in Germany.

Micronutrient-fortified bouillon as a strategy to improve the micronutrient adequacy of diets in Burkina Faso.

Bouillon is a promising candidate for fortification to complement existing large-scale food fortification (LSFF) programs. We used household dietary data from Burkina Faso to model potential contributions of bouillon fortified with vitamin A (40-250 μg/g bouillon), folic acid (20-120 μg/g), vitamin B12 (0.2-2 μg/g), iron (0.

Effect of multiple micronutrient-fortified bouillon on micronutrient status among women and children in the Northern Region of Ghana: Protocol for the Condiment Micronutrient Innovation Trial (CoMIT), a community-based randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiencies are prevalent in West Africa, particularly among women of reproductive age (WRA) and young children. Bouillon is a promising food fortification vehicle due to its widespread consumption. This study aims to evaluate the impact of multiple micronutrient-fortified bouillon cubes, compared to control bouillon cubes (fortified with iodine only), on micronutrient status and hemoglobin concentrations among lactating and non-lactating WRA and young children in northern Ghana.

Medicinal Use of Different Cannabis Strains: Results from a Large Prospective Survey in Germany.

Background: Up to now, it is unclear whether different medicinal (MC) strains are differently efficacious across different medical conditions. In this study, the effectiveness of different MC strains was compared depending on the disease to be treated.

Methods: This was an online survey conducted in Germany between June 2020 and August 2020.

Acceptability of Multiple Micronutrient-Fortified Bouillon Cubes among Women and Their Households in 2 Districts in The Northern Region of Ghana.

Background: Bouillon is a promising large-scale food fortification vehicle, but there is uncertainty regarding the types and concentrations of micronutrients that are feasible to add without compromising consumer acceptability.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of 2 different multiple micronutrient-fortified bouillon cube formulations, compared with a bouillon cube fortified with iodine only.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, controlled acceptability study in 2 districts in northern Ghana.

The Impact of Sex and Gender in Medicine and Pharmacology.

Sex and gender play a pivotal role in health and disease. Differences can be identified in symptoms, biomarkers, lifetime experiences of diseases, incidence, prevalence, therapeutic options, health-related behavior, and resiliency. However, awareness of sex and gender differences in medicine is still limited.

Primary Whole-gland Ablation for the Treatment of Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer: A Focal Therapy Society Best Practice Statement.

Context: Whole-gland ablation is a feasible and effective minimally invasive treatment for localized prostate cancer (PCa). Previous systematic reviews supported evidence for favorable functional outcomes, but oncological outcomes were inconclusive owing to limited follow-up.

Objective: To evaluate the real-world data on the mid- to long-term oncological and functional outcomes of whole-gland cryoablation and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in patients with clinically localized PCa, and to provide expert recommendations and commentary on these findings.

Consideration of sex and gender in European clinical practice guidelines in internal medicine: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are a powerful instrument to ensure evidence-based practice in clinical diagnostics and disease management. As knowledge about the impact of sex and gender on health and disease is emerging, the need for its transfer into clinical practice is becoming more urgent. However, a systematic evaluation of the incorporation of sex-related and gender-related knowledge into CPGs in Europe is currently not available.

Dihydropyrimidinase from can hydrolyse polyamides.

In dihydropyrimidinase (DHPaseSK) is involved in the pyrimidine degradation pathway, which includes the reversible ring cleavage between nitrogen 3 and carbon 4 of 5,6-dihydrouracil. In this study, DPHaseSK was successfully cloned and expressed in BL-21 Gold (DE3) with and without affinity tags. Thereby, the Strep-tag enabled fastest purification and highest specific activity (9.

The impact of 5-ARI on perioperative and functional outcomes of GreenLight PVP: an analysis of the Global GreenLight Group database.

Introduction: In this study, we sought to investigate the impact of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) on the perioperative and functional outcomes of 180-Watt XPS GreenLight photovaporization of the prostate (PVP) using a large international database.

Materials And Methods: Data were obtained from the Global GreenLight Group (GGG) database, which includes eight high-volume, experienced surgeons from seven international centers.  All men with established benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with known 5-ARI status who underwent GreenLight PVP using the XPS-180W system between 2011 and 2019 were eligible for the study.

Safety and efficacy of GreenLight PVP in octogenarians: evaluation of the Global GreenLight Group database.

Introduction: The present study analyzes the largest international GreenLight database, the Global GreenLight Group (GGG), to evaluate the functional and safety profile of GreenLight photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in octogenarians.

Methods: The GGG is a database comprised of patients that underwent GreenLight PVP from 2011 to 2019 performed by 8 experienced urologists at 7 international hospitals. Patients 80 years or older at the time of surgery were categorized as octogenarians.

A prospective study of cancer detection rates following early repeat imaging and biopsy of PI-RADS 4 and 5 regions of interest exhibiting no clinically significant prostate cancer on prior biopsy.

Introduction: We aimed to determine cancer detection rates following early repeat multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and biopsy of Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS), v2.1 4 and 5 regions of interest (ROI) exhibiting no clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) on prior biopsy and to identify predictors for these missed csPCa.

Methods: Between January 2019 and August 2020, 36 men with 38 PI-RADS 4 or 5 ROI with no evidence of csPCa (defined as Gleason grade group [GGG] >1) on prior MRI fusion target biopsy (MRFTB) + systematic biopsy (SB) were invited to participate in the present prospective study.

Axumin (F-Fluciclovine) PET imaging in men exhibiting no clinically significant cancer on initial negative biopsy of PI-RADS 4 and 5 regions of interest.

Purpose: The objective of the study was to determine whether Axumin (F-Fluciclovine) PET/MRI informs the decision to perform an early repeat biopsy of PI-RADS 4/5 region of interest (ROI) exhibiting no clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) on initial biopsy.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled men with at least one PI-RADS 4/5 ROI on multi-parametric MRI and no csPCa on prior biopsy defined as Gleason grade group (GGG) > 1. All men underwent an Axumin PET/MRI and only-persistent PI-RADS > 2 ROI were advised to undergo a repeat biopsy.

History and development of sex- and gender sensitive medicine (SGSM).

Sex- and gender-sensitive medicine has evolved from a feminist approach into an innovative cross-cutting approach to doing medicine. In the present chapter we define what sex and gender are in the context of biomedical research and describe the history of the development of this scientific approach. Looking back at crucial events in the U.

Global experience and progress in GreenLight-XPS 180-Watt photoselective vaporization of the prostate.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in global perioperative data of GreenLight-XPS 180-Watt photo-selective vaporization of the prostate (GL-XPS) of the Global Greenlight Group (GGG) database.

Methods: 3441 men, who underwent GL-XPS for symptomatic BPH between 2011 and 2019 at seven high volume international centers, were included. Primary outcome measurements were operative time (OT; min), effective laser time (LT; min of OT), as well as intraoperative and postoperative adverse events (AEs), all analyzed by year of surgery (2011-2019) and prostate volume (PV) group (< 80 ml vs.

GreenLight photovaporization of the prostate in high-medical-risk patients: an analysis of the Global GreenLight Group (GGG) database.

Purpose: We sought to characterize the adjusted outcomes of GreenLight photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in high-medical-risk (HMR) patients using data from the largest international database.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global GreenLight Group (GGG) database which pools data of eight high-volume, experienced surgeons, from a total of seven international centers. Eligible study participants underwent GreenLight PVP using the XPS-180 W system between 2011 and 2019.

Global Greenlight Group: largest international Greenlight experience for benign prostatic hyperplasia to assess efficacy and safety.

Introduction: Greenlight photo-selective vaporization of the prostate (GL-PVP) has gained international acceptance as a safe and effective alternative procedure for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), especially in anticoagulated men. This descriptive analysis aims to characterize the current state of GL-PVP, pooling data from international centers.

Methods: Data from 3627 patients who underwent GL-PVP with the XPS-180 W system in seven international centers performed by eight expert surgeons between 2011 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.