Presumptive primary pulmonary mast cell tumor in 2 dogs.

Two dogs were presented, each with a large solitary pulmonary mass, and cytology confirmed mast cell tumor (MCT) in each dog. One dog was euthanized following diagnosis. Thoracic computed tomography scan and exploratory thoracotomy of the second dog revealed a right pulmonary mass that would require a radical lung resection.

Palpation and dorsal acetabular rim radiographic projection for early detection of canine hip dysplasia: a prospective study.

Objective: To determine the value of 2 diagnostic methods: (1) the reduction angle (RA) using the Ortolani maneuver and (2) the dorsal acetabular slope (DAS) from the dorsal acetabular rim (DAR) radiographic projection, to predict osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs with hip dysplasia.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Sample Population: Dogs (n = 73).

Fibrin gel improves the survival of transplanted myoblasts.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most frequent muscular dystrophy in children and young adults. Currently, there is no cure for the disease. The transplantation of healthy myoblasts is an experimental therapeutic strategy, since it could restore the expression of dystrophin in DMD muscles.

Can sonographic findings predict the results of liver aspirates in dogs with suspected liver disease?

While abdominal ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology are often combined to help determine the type of liver disease in dogs, little is known about the relationship that may exist between the results of these tests. We hypothesized that specific sonographic findings, or combinations of findings, may predict results of liver ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology. Hepatic and extrahepatic sonographic findings were recorded prospectively using a standardized form in 70 dogs with clinically suspected liver disease and in which liver ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed.

Radiographic abnormalities in cats with feline bronchial disease and intra- and interobserver variability in radiographic interpretation: 40 cases (1999-2006).

Objective: To determine prevalence of various radiographic signs in cats with feline bronchial disease (FBD) and evaluate intra- and interobserver variability in radiographic interpretation for examiners with variable degrees of experience in radiographic interpretation.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 40 cats with FBD and 40 control cats without thoracic disease.

Regulation of leptin, adiponectin and acylation-stimulating protein by hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia in vivo in healthy lean young men.

Aim: Both type 1 and 2 diabetes are associated with differential regulation of leptin, adiponectin and ASP. Our aim was to examine whether or not acute hyperinsulinaemia and/or hyperglycaemia per se have differential regulation of these hormones in healthy subjects.

Methods: We examined changes in leptin, adiponectin and ASP concentrations and subcutaneous white adipose tissue mRNA expression with 3-hour hyperinsulinaemic (HI, n=10), hyperglycaemic (HG, n=7) and hyperinsulinaemic-hyperglycaemic (HGHI, n=8) clamps in healthy lean young men.

Radiographic detection of thoracic lesions in adult cows: a retrospective study of 42 cases (1995-2002).

Medical records of 42 cows that underwent both thoracic radiographic and postmortem examinations within a period of 7 days were reviewed to develop an evaluation grid to interpret bovine thoracic radiographs and to determine the sensitivity and the specificity of thoracic radiographs for detection of thoracic lesions, based on postmortem examination. Most cows (64%) had clinical signs of respiratory disease, whereas 19% showed signs of cardiac problems. The sensitivity and specificity of radiographs for identifying cows with thoracic lesions were 94% and 50%, respectively.

Ultrasonographic measurement of kidney-to-aorta ratio as a method of estimating renal size in dogs.

Renal size is an important parameter in the assessment of renal disease in dogs. However, because of the great variability in body conformation, absolute renal measurements cannot solely be used when evaluating kidneys with ultrasonography. The use of a ratio comparing renal length and aortic luminal diameter (K/Ao) was investigated.

Detection of rib trauma in newborn foals in an equine critical care unit: a comparison of ultrasonography, radiography and physical examination.

Reasons For Performing Study: Previous studies have shown that in man ultrasonography is more accurate than radiography for detecting rib fractures.

Objectives: To describe clinical, radiographic and ultrasonographic findings related with rib fractures in newborn foals in an equine critical care unit; and to compare diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography to radiography.

Methods: A prospective ultrasonographic study was performed on 29 foals presented to the emergency unit.

Acute hyperglycemia induces a global downregulation of gene expression in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of healthy subjects.

To define the effects of acute hyperglycemia per se (i.e., without the confounding effect of hyperinsulinemia) in human tissues in vivo, we performed global gene expression analysis using microarrays in vastus lateralis muscle and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue of seven healthy men during a hyperglycemic-euinsulinemic clamp with infusion of somatostatin to inhibit endogenous insulin release.

Establishment of an operating room committee and a training program to improve aseptic techniques for rodent and large animal surgery.

Investigators of our research facility generally accept the concept of asepsis as an important component of adequate surgical care for animals. However, they experience difficulties putting it into practice, especially in the case of rodents. The reasons for this are inconvenience, cost, and lack of training.

Insulin regulation of gene expression and concentrations of white adipose tissue-derived proteins in vivo in healthy men: relation to adiponutrin.

Adiponutrin is a newly described white adipose tissue (WAT)-derived protein whose function and regulation remain widely unclear in humans though it is suggested to be related to insulin sensitivity. Recently, we found that adiponutrin expression is reduced in type 2 diabetic subjects in basal and insulin-stimulated states. To examine adiponutrin regulation by the insulin pathway in relation to other WAT-related proteins with well-known relation to insulin signaling and action, we examined in healthy young men (1) the association of adiponutrin with p85alpha PI3K and HKII, leptin, adiponectin, and acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) and (2) the regulation of adiponutrin and WAT-derived proteins by 3-h hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (HIEG).

Adiponutrin gene is regulated by insulin and glucose in human adipose tissue.

Objective: Adiponutrin is a new transmembrane protein specifically expressed in adipose tissue. In obese subjects, short- or long-term calorie restriction diets were associated with a reduction in adiponutrin gene expression. Adiponut.

Sensory perception and neuroanatomical structures in normal and grafted skin of burn survivors.

Background: This study compared the neural structures found in grafted skin of burn survivors with neural structures found in site-matched normal skin and correlated these structures with psychophysical measures of sensation.

Methods: Fifteen skin-grafted male burn survivors (47.7+/-10.

Sensitivity and specificity of radiographic detection of canine elbow incongruence in an in vitro model.

Canine elbow incongruence is believed to be the consequence of underdevelopment of the radius. The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of radiography to detect elbow incongruence in an in vitro model and to assess the optimal elbow angle and radiographic beam position. Five normal cadaveric canine left forelimbs were used.

Surface modification of UHMWPE for use in total joint replacements.

To create a hydrophilic, lubricious, more wear-resistant UHMWPE bearing, a novel hyaluronan (HA) derivative and novel UHMWPE-hyaluronan composite were developed. HA was silylated to increase its hydrophobicity and compatibility with UHMWPE. The sily1 HA rapidly diffused into the connected pores of UHMWPE preforms in xylenes solution, and fixed within UHMWPE and on its surface after crosslinking.

Pharmacokinetics of morphine and its glucuronidated metabolites in burn injuries.

Objective: To investigate the effects of major thermal burn injury and continuous intravenous morphine infusion on the disposition of morphine and its glucuronidated metabolites, morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) once a week for three weeks.

Case Summaries: Five patients with major first-, second-, or third-degree burn injuries received long-term intravenous morphine infusion. The required dose varied greatly (from 4 to 39.

Comparison of multistage versus one-stage destabilization of a type II external fixator used to stabilize an oblique tibial osteotomy in dogs.

Objective: To compare the biomechanical effects of multistage versus one-stage destabilization of a type II external skeletal fixator (ESF) used to stabilize an oblique unstable tibial osteotomy in dogs.

Study Design: In vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experimental study.

Animal Population: Twelve healthy adult dogs.

Synthesis and characterization of a novel UHMWPE interpenetrating polymer network.

A novel, biomimetic, interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) between poly-L-lysine (PLL) and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been synthesized in an attempt to decrease wear in joint prostheses. A biomaterial with a gradient IPN of cationic PLL and UHMWPE has been synthesized, in the surface of bulk UHMWPE, to recruit the poly-anion, hyaluronic acid, from the synovial fluid. It is hypothesized that the hyaluronic acid molecules and their associated hydration layer will improve lubrication between the articulating surfaces, thus lowering both friction and wear.

The intellectual property cookbook: a guide for the novice health-care telemedicine provider working with industry.

Telemedicine is a new field and many health-care providers are developing their own products with the help of industry. Most practitioners are novices in the legal tools necessary to protect their own work with regard to any future commercialization. To summarize these issues for the telemedicine practitioner, a review of intellectual property protection has been performed.

Surgical treatment of lumbosacral instability caused by discospondylitis in four dogs.

Objective: To describe a surgical technique involving distraction and stabilization of the lumbo-sacral vertebral segment using an external skeletal fixator in dogs with lumbosacral instability caused by discospondylitis.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Animals: Four client-owned dogs.

Clinical wear of 63 ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene acetabular components: effect of starting resin and forming method.

This study compares the clinical wear rates and implant characteristics of 63 surgically retrieved acetabular components. All components were made by the same manufacturer, implanted by the same surgeon, in articulation against the same type of femoral component, and revised for the same reason; 19 were made from directly compression molded, calcium stearate free, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and 44 were made from machined, ram extruded, calcium stearate containing UHMWPE. There were significant differences in wear, duration, and wear rate between the molded (type I) and machined (type II and III) components.

Malignant giant cell tumour of the distal femur treated by excision, allografting and ligamentous reconstruction: an 18-year follow-up.

Extensive osteoarticular allografts have been used for knee reconstruction, but because of their composite nature and the technical difficulty of the procedure, complication and failure rates have been high. There are few records of long-term results in the literature. In this report, a 19-year-old man with a large aggressive giant cell tumour of the left distal femur was treated in 1976 by en bloc resection, massive femoral allografting and ligamentous reconstruction.

Comparison of ketoprofen, oxymorphone hydrochloride, and butorphanol in the treatment of postoperative pain in dogs.

Objective: To compare analgesic effects of ketoprofen, oxymorphone hydrochloride, and butorphanol when used to control postoperative pain associated with elective orthopedic surgery in dogs.

Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Animals: 70 dogs undergoing orthopedic surgery on a hind limb.